Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:53:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VALERIA RAQUEL APOLINARIO DOS SANTOS.pdf: 1143869 bytes, checksum: 17d29948e725417c07804cc3023980e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-14 / Introduction: Silicosis, a disease characterized by pulmonary fibrosis associated with inhalation of particles containing crystalline silica, is the most prevalent pneumoconiosis in Brazil and worldwide, although considered preventable. Objective: To describe and analyze demographic, epidemiological and clinical aspects of patients with silicosis recorded in a pulmonology department of an university hospital. Materials and methods: retrospective cross-sectional survey of demographic, epidemiological and clinical records in the outpatient pulmonary diseases diffuse parenchymal Hospital of Goiás were analyzed official data reporting. Radiographs and CT scans of chest high-resolution were analyzed by experienced observers and compared with standard ILO. Results and conclusions: we identified 76 cases of silicosis between 1991 and 2011. There were no reported cases of silicosis to the same period in Midwest region. The patients were all young adult males with significantly frequent origin of Goias and who exercised occupational activities concentrated in the area of the mining industry. We observed a significant association between duration of exposure and the clinical form of the disease and presented a high concentration of presentation of silicosis in the accelerated and chronic forms. All patients reported symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, wheezing and coughing and individuals reported smoking (66.25%) and alcohol (42.5%) as associated conditions. There was a high number of patients with tuberculosis, especially in the most severe clinical forms. Those 20 chest radiographs analyzed, it was observed 85.0% with large opacities and 15.0% with small opacities. We analyzed nine CT technique with high resolution and predominated confluent micronodules and masses in the upper lobes, compatible with the recorded average exposure time (8.1 years) and with accelerated clinical form, which was prevalent in the study sample. / Introdução: Silicose, doença caracterizada por fibrose pulmonar associada à inalação de partículas contendo sílica cristalina, é a pneumoconiose mais prevalente no Brasil e no mundo, apesar de ser considerada prevenível. Objetivo: Descrever e analisar aspectos demográficos, epidemiológicos e clínicos dos pacientes portadores de silicose registrados em um serviço de pneumologia de um hospital universitário. Materiais e método: estudo retrospectivo descritivo transversal, de levantamento de dados demográficos, epidemiológicos e clínicos nos prontuários do ambulatório de doenças pulmonares parenquimatosas difusas do Hospital das Clínicas de Goiás. Foram analisados dados oficiais de notificação. As radiografias e tomografias computadorizadas de alta resolução de tórax foram analisadas por observadores experientes e comparadas com padrão OIT. Resultados e conclusões: foram identificados 76 casos de silicose entre os anos de 1991 e 2011. Não foram notificados casos de silicose para o mesmo período na Região Centro Oeste. Os pacientes eram todos adultos jovens do sexo masculino, com procedência significativamente maior do estado de Goiás e que exerceram atividades ocupacionais concentradas na área da indústria da mineração. Observou-se associação significativa entre o tempo de exposição e a forma clínica da doença apresentada e uma alta concentração de apresentação da silicose nas formas acelerada e crônica. Todos os pacientes relataram sintomas como tosse, dispneia, chiado e expectoração e os indivíduos relataram tabagismo (66,25%) e etilismo (42,5%) como condições associadas. Verificou-se um alto número de pacientes com tuberculose, principalmente nas formas clínicas mais graves. Das 20 radiografias de tórax analisadas, observou-se que em 85,0% havia grandes opacidades e em 15,0%, pequenas opacidades. Foram analisadas nove tomografias computadorizadas com técnica de alta resolução de tórax e houve predomínio de micronódulos confluentes e massas em lobos superiores, compatível com o tempo de exposição médio registrado (8,1 anos) e com a forma clínica acelerada, que foi predominante na amostra estudada.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Background: In 1999, The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase One reported the prevalence of eczema symptoms in 715,033 children from 154 centers in 56 countries by using standardized epidemiologic tools. Objective: To update the world map of eczema prevalence after 5 to 10 years (ISAAC Phase Three) and include additional data from over 100 new centers. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys using the ISAAC questionnaire on eczema symptoms were completed by adolescents 13 to 14 years old and by parents of children 6 to 7 years old. Current eczema was defined as an itchy flexural rash in the past 12 months and was considered severe eczema if associated with 1 or more nights per week of sleep disturbance. Results: For the age group 6 to 7 years, data on 385,853 participants from 143 centers in 60 countries showed that the prevalence of current eczema ranged from 0.9% in India to 22.5% in Ecuador, with new data showing high values in Asia and Latin America. For the age group 13 to 14 years, data on 663,256 participants from 230 centers in 96 countries showed prevalence values ranging from 0.2% in China to 24.6% in Columbia with the highest values in Africa and Latin America. Current eczema was lower for boys than girls (odds ratio, 0.94 and 0.72 at ages 6 to 7 years and 13 to 14 years, respectively). Conclusion:ISAAC Phase Three provides comprehensive global data on the prevalence of eczema symptoms that is essential for public health planning. New data reveal that eczema is a disease of developing as well as developed countries. / Revisión por pares