Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, 2011. / Submitted by wiliam de oliveira aguiar (wiliam@bce.unb.br) on 2011-06-22T15:10:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_CinthiaBeatrizdaSilvaDumont.pdf: 2671980 bytes, checksum: e97a6843613e36eecd66b567682e8f97 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elna Araújo(elna@bce.unb.br) on 2011-06-22T19:11:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_CinthiaBeatrizdaSilvaDumont.pdf: 2671980 bytes, checksum: e97a6843613e36eecd66b567682e8f97 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-06-22T19:11:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_CinthiaBeatrizdaSilvaDumont.pdf: 2671980 bytes, checksum: e97a6843613e36eecd66b567682e8f97 (MD5) / Este estudo foi dividido em três etapas, buscando o emprego de uma metodologia mais direcionada e organizada visando com isso a obtenção de resultados expressivos a respeito de equinos praticantes de enduro equestre. Na primeira etapa foram estabelecidos os parâmetros eletrocardiográficos de 20 equinos Puro Sangue Árabe em repouso e após exercício prolongado de enduro. Foi verificado durante o repouso que a frequência cardíaca média foi de 35,85bpm com predominância do ritmo sinusal e de 53,78bpm com taquicardia sinusal após o exercício. Como variação fisiológica observou-se marcapasso migratório e como não fisiológica, complexo ventricular prematuro. No pós-exercício ocorreu aumento da amplitude das ondas P, R, S e T, com onda P tendendo a se tornar única em 35% dos animais e bífida positiva em 65%, e a onda T monofásica positiva. Houve redução da duração das ondas, intervalos e segmentos, e alongamento do QTc, porém o complexo QRS quase não alterou. O eixo elétrico no plano frontal apresentou desvios à direita e à esquerda em repouso, sugestivo de aumento de câmara e hipertrofia secundárias ao treinamento, ao passo que após o exercício demonstrou desvio extremo para a direita indicando alterações eletrolíticas. O escore cardíaco médio foi de 128,45ms, caracterizando os animais como atletas, reduzindo a 118,60ms após o exercício. Já na segunda etapa, foram examinados por meio de exame eletrocardiográfico 14 equinos Puro Sangue Árabe desclassificados por exaustão em provas de enduro entre 60 e 160 km, imediatamente após a desclassificação, antes da instituição de qualquer tipo de tratamento. Houve predomínio de taquicardia sinusal, seguido de arritmia sinusal e complexo atrial prematuro com a frequência cardíaca variando de 48 a 78 bpm e 93 a 111 bpm, respectivamente. Ocorreu aumento da amplitude das ondas P, R, S e T e redução nas suas durações, bem como redução nos intervalos e segmentos, porém o complexo QRS quase não se alterou. O alongamento observado do QTc indicou fadiga miocárdica moderada em resposta ao exercício e o supradesnível ST foi indicativo de hipovolemia. O eixo elétrico no plano frontal apresentou desvio à direita, sugerindo aumento de câmara e hipertrofia secundárias ao treinamento. Por fim, na terceira etapa, foi avaliado o comportamento da osmolaridade, do ânion gap, do Ph e dos íons plasmáticos mensuráveis de 14 equinos, 09 machos e 05 fêmeas, Puro Sangue Árabe finalistas em provas de enduro de 90 km. Para tanto, foram colhidas em dois momentos, repouso e após o exercício prolongado, amostras de sangue venoso para a mensuração das variáveis de interesse. Diante dos achados pode-se observar a partir do repouso, aumento com diferença significante dos valores do Hct, das PPT e do AG, sugerindo perda de fluidos e discreto grau de desidratação. O Ph e o íon H+ quase não se alteraram, indicando ausência de distúrbios metabólicos. Reduções, com diferença siginificativas foram observadas para os íons Cl-, HCO3-, K+, Ca++, assim como do EB. Pode-se observar que os parâmetros avaliados permaneceram dentro dos valores de referência descritos na literatura consultada, somente com elevação discreta do Hct e do AG acima desses valores, sobretudo sem manifestações clínicas. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / This study was divided into three stages, aiming the use of a methodology more focused and organized, in order to obtain expressive results concerning equines submitted to endurance training. In the first stage we established the electrocardiographic parameters of 20 Purebred Arabian horses at rest and after prolonged endurance exercise. During rest, we verified that the average heart rate was 35.85 bpm with predominance of sinus rhythm, and 53.78 bpm with sinus tachycardia after exercise. As physiological variation, a wandering pacemaker was observed, while as a non physiological variation, a premature ventricular complex. In the post-exercise, there was an increase in the amplitude of waves P, R, S and T, with P-wave tending to become unique in 35% of the animals and bifid positive in 65%, meantime the T-wave was monophasic and positive in all animals. A reduction in the duration, intervals and segments of the waves was recorded, and lengthening of QTc, however the QRS complex has hardly changed. The electrical axis in frontal plane presented deviations to the right and left at rest, suggesting increased chamber, and hypertrophy secondary to training, whereas after the exercise, presented extreme deviation to the right, indicating electrolyte abnormalities. The average heart score was 128.45ms, characterizing animals as athletes, reducing to 118.60ms after exercise. In the second stage, 14 Purebred Arabian horses were examined through electrocardiographic examination. They were disqualified due to exhaustion in endurance races between 60 and 160 km, immediately after disqualification, before any kind of treatment. There was prevalence of sinus tachycardia, followed by sinus arrhythmia and atrial premature complex, with the heart rate ranging from 48 to 78 bpm, and 93 to 111 bpm, respectively. We also registered an increase in the amplitude of waves P, R, S and T, and decrease in their durations, as well as reduction in the intervals and segments, nevertheless, the QRS complex has hardly changed. The lengthening observed of QTc pointed a moderate myocardial fatigue in response to exercise, and the elevation of ST was indicative of hypovolemia. The electrical axis in frontal plane presented deviation to the right, chamber increase and hypertrophy secondary to training. Finally, in the third stage, we assessed the behavior of osmolarity, anion gap, pH, and measurable plasma ions of 14 Purebred Arabian horses, 09 males and 05 females, finalists in an endurance race of 90 km. To this end, venous blood samples were taken at two times, at rest and after prolonged exercise, in order to measure the interest variables. Considering those findings, one can see from the rest, an increase with significant difference in the values of Hct, PPT and AG, suggesting a loss of fluid and a slight degree of dehydration. The pH and the H+ ion almost had no changes, indicating absence of metabolic disorders. Reductions, with significant difference, were verified for the ions Cl-, HCO3-, K+, Ca++, as well as BE. The examined parameters remained within the reference values described in the literature, only with slight increase of Hct and AG above these values, but without clinical manifestations.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Animal, 2015. / Submitted by Cristiane Mendes (mcristianem@gmail.com) on 2015-07-02T16:29:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_CarolinaMotaCarvalho.pdf: 948390 bytes, checksum: 6aac2cd309ee91f0ef04f7a6245b46dc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2015-08-19T12:42:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_CarolinaMotaCarvalho.pdf: 948390 bytes, checksum: 6aac2cd309ee91f0ef04f7a6245b46dc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-19T12:42:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_CarolinaMotaCarvalho.pdf: 948390 bytes, checksum: 6aac2cd309ee91f0ef04f7a6245b46dc (MD5) / Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar as alterações fisiológicas de um grupo de equinos enduristas de elite por meio, variações hematimétricas, tais como volume globular, concentração de hemoglobina, contagem total de hemácias e leucócitos e bioquímicas (proteínas plasmáticas totais, atividade das enzimas CK, LDH). Utilizando 18 equinos (machos e fêmeas) Puro Sangue Árabe (PSA), durante prova oficial (FEI/CBH/FHBr) de 160km, com velocidade média de 17 km.h-1. Foram coletadas amostras sanguíneas por meio de venipunção da jugular em tubos com e sem anticoagulante (EDTA), em cinco momentos. No repouso, na noite que antecedeu a prova (T0), durante a prova, após 66km (T1), logo após os 160km (T2), duas e 15 horas após (T3 e T4) a prova, sendo os animais divididos em dois grupos, finalistas (n = 10) e eliminados (n = 5). Três animais claudicaram e foram retirados do estudo. Observou-se aumento significativo das perdas de peso, durante e ao final da prova (5±2,15%) sem retorno aos valores basais até o último momento de avaliação tanto para o grupo finalistas quanto para os eliminados. As determinações hematimétricas apresentaram aumento significativo durante a prova, retornando aos valores basais no período pós prova. Tais dados revelaram importantes alterações fisiológicas em cavalos em decorrência do esforço de enduro tais como hemoconcentração e desidratação. Ocorreu aumento expressivo da atividade enzimática de CK e LDH, sendo este aumento bem tolerado pelos animais estudados não apresentando danos musculares ao grupo que completou a prova, porém animais que não concluíram a prova necessitaram de um maior tempo de descanso para o retorno dos valores a normalidade. / The aim of the present study was to evaluate athletic performance of a group of endurance elite horses through body weight losses, hematimetric and biochemical determinations. Eighteen arabian horses (mares and geldings) were monitored before, during and after an oficial endurance ride of 160km (FEI/CBH/FHBr), with 17km.h-1 of average speed. Jugular blood samples were obtained in tubes with or without anticoagulant (EDTA) in five moments. The night before the ride, T0, after 66km (T1), at the end of the ride (T2) and 2 and 15 hours after the ride (T3 and T4, respectively). Horses were divided in two groups, finalists (n = 10) and eliminates (n = 5). Three horses were lame and so were taken off the study. Significative elevations of percentual body weight losses were noticed during and at the end of the ride (5±2,15%) with no returning to basal values until the end of the experiment. It happens for the finalist group as for eliminated group. Hematimetric determinations revelead significative elevations during the ride, returning to basal levels the day after ride. These data revealed important phisiologic alterations in horses submitted to endurance effort such as hemoconcentration and dehydration. An expressive increase of enzymatic activity of CK and LDH was well tolerated for all horses, without any muscular lesion in the finalist group. However, eliminated horses needed longer rest period to return its values to basal ones.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Animal. 2013. / Submitted by Alaíde Gonçalves dos Santos (alaide@unb.br) on 2014-01-24T12:11:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_PollyannaCardosoAraujo.pdf: 388154 bytes, checksum: b69e89646076eb4866b9cad5080a9029 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2014-02-11T11:57:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_PollyannaCardosoAraujo.pdf: 388154 bytes, checksum: b69e89646076eb4866b9cad5080a9029 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-11T11:57:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_PollyannaCardosoAraujo.pdf: 388154 bytes, checksum: b69e89646076eb4866b9cad5080a9029 (MD5) / No sentido de compreender as demandas fisiológicas e as possíveis alterações decorrentes do esforço em equinos e determinar tipo e intensidade do exercício realizado na modalidade de polo equestre de baixo handicap, foram analisados o logaritmo negativo da atividade de íons hidrogênio (pH), a pressão parcial do dióxido de carbono (pCO2), a pressão parcial de oxigênio (pO2), a concentração de íons bicarbonato plasmático (HCO3-) e as concentrações séricas dos íons Na+, Cl- e K+ de 7 equinos hígidos após uma partida de polo de baixo handicap. As variáveis pCO2, pO2 e HCO3-, foram os únicos parâmetros que apresentaram diferença estatística significativa em seus valores entre antes a pós a partida e não houve alterações hidroeletrolíticas significativas. Foi possível classificar o polo de baixo handicap como um exercício de curta duração e intensidade mista, considerando a ausência de alteração no equilíbrio hidroletrolítico apresentada pelos animais. O tipo de exercício ao qual os animais foram submetidos foi compatível com a capacidade atlética dos mesmos. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / In order to understand the physiological demands and possible changes resulting from exercise in horses and to determine type and intensity of exercise performed in the equestrian sport of low-goal polo, it was analyzed the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion activity (pH), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), the concentration of plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-) and serum concentrations of Na +, K + and Cl- of 7 healthy horses after a low-goal polo match. Variables pCO2, pO2 and HCO3- were the only parameters that presented a differences in values before and after the match (p<0,05), and there was no significant electrolyte changes. It was possible to classify the low-goal polo as an exercise of short duration and variable intensity (low to moderate), considering the absence of change in electrolyte balance presented by animals. It is suggested that the type of exercise to which the animals were submitted was compatible with their athletic ability.

Conceptualiser, réaliser, étalonner et valider une plateforme d'étude de la posture du cavalier. mise en place de capteurs de selle et de capteurs d'étriers. Nous utiliserons un cheval mécanique référent pour valider notre matériel. Nous voulons mettre en évidence la notion d'assiette passive et d'assiette active. Après modifications et étalonnage du cheval mécanique grâce à l'accéléromètrie, nous créons une plateforme filaire pour étalonnage. Nous réalisons des expérimentations in situ dans les écuries avec des cavaliers de dressage et de CSO. Nous étudions les deux types d'assiette par une expérimentation finale à la recherche de normes. Nous exporterons notre analyse dans le monde du Handisport et dans le monde de la rééducation. / Conceptualize, implement, calibrate and validate a platform for studying the rider's posture. We will use a referring horse simulator for our device's validation.We want to highlight the concept of passive and active riders seat. After changes and horse simulator's calibration by accelerometry, we create a calibrated wired platform such as embedded system. we perform experiments in the stables with expert's riders, jumping and dressage. we are studying the two types of rider's seat with an ending experiment. We try to determine seated standart positions for rider. we will export our analysis experiment in the world of Para and in the rehabilitation's world.

C'est dans son "Orphée Studio", sous-titré "Poésie d'aujourd'hui à voix haute", qu'André Velter parle vraiment d'oralité nouvelle. Déclaration fondée sur l'expérience, ce manifeste de quelques feuillets, rédigés en guise de présentation, est remarquable : simple, enthousiaste et parlant. Tellement prodigue qu'il fut le détonateur de cette thèse. Quatre mille deux cents signes en effet ont suffi à me décider : la nouvelle oralité poétique serait mon sujet. Le terme même d'oralité, trop souvent uniquement appliqué aux griots africains ou aux traditions orales, offre un vaste champ de réalités dès lors qu'il est entendu, non dans son acception moderne, mais bien dans son rapport à la modernité. / It is in his "Orphée Studio", subtitled "Poésie d'aujourd'hui à voix haute", that André Velter really speaks about new poetic orality. Declaration based on the experiment, this proclamation of some layers, written as a presentation, is rare : simple, enthusiastic and speaking. So much prodigal to be it the detonator of this thesis. Four thousand two hundred signs indeed were enough to induce me : new poetic orality would be my subject. The term even of orality, too often only applied to the African griots or the oral traditions, offers a vast field of realities since it is heard, not in its modern meaning, but well in his report with modernity.

Devenu soudainement roi de France en 1498, Louis XII entreprend de reconstruire le château familial de Blois. L'aile Louis XII du château royal présente un programme iconographique sculpté exceptionnel réalisé de 1498 à 1503 environ, qui comporte plus de deux cents culots, gargouilles, masques grotesques, rosaces, monogrammes et emblèmes, entourant la figure équestre du roi et le décor de l'escalier. Les sources manuscrites relatives à la réalisation du décor sculpté ayant disparu presque en totalité, le parti pris a été de considérer dans la première partie les événements qui, du cadre historique aux restaurations des XIXe et XXe siècles, ont forgé l’identité actuelle du château. L'étude iconographique est abordée en seconde partie, incluant le décor sculpté du château de Blois, les enjeux ignorés du décor du grand escalier et de la voûte en relation avec la figure équestre, l'emblématique royale de Louis XII. La troisième partie permet d’insérer le décor sculpté dans le contexte de création de la sculpture dans les chantiers et ateliers de 1450 à 1520. De la seconde moitié du XVe siècle à 1520 / As soon as he become king of France in 1498, Louis XII undertake to rebuild the family castle of Blois. The Louis XII wing of the royal castle of Blois shows an exceptional iconographic and carved program done from 1498 to about 1503, which consists of more than two hundred culots, gargoyles, grotesques, masks, medallions, monograms, and emblems, surrounding the equestrian statue of the king and the staircase. As the manuscript archives relating to the carvings have almost completely disappeared, the objective has been to consider firstly the historical events up until the restorations of the 19th and 20th century that have contribued to the current identity of the château. An iconographic study is approached in the second part, including the sculpted decoration of the château, the relationship between the decoration of the grand staircase and the vault with the equestrian statue. The third part relate to the role of the carved decoration within the artistic context of buiding sites and workshops between 1450 to 1520