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Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuotas ir įvertintas Lietuvos ir Slovėnijos infliacijos, valdžios sektoriaus metinio biudžeto deficito ir bendrosios skolos, ilgalaikių Vyriausybės vertybinių popierių (VVP) palūkanų normos bei nacionalinės valiutos stabilumo lygio atitikimas konvergencijos kriterijams 2000-2008 m. laikotarpiu. Pirmoje darbo dalyje analizuojami infliacijos, valdžios sektoriaus metinio biudžeto deficito ir bendrosios skolos, ilgalaikių Vyriausybės vertybinių popierių palūkanų normos bei šalių dalyvavimo antrajame valiutų kurso mechanizme (VKM II) teoriniai aspektai – pateikiama kiekvieno iš šių kriterijų samprata, analizuojamos atsiradimo priežastys bei pasekmės, nagrinėjami vieną ar kitą reiškinį lemiantys veiksniai, pateikiami su šių makroekonominių rodiklių pokyčiais susijusių problemų sprendimo būdai. Antrojoje darbo dalyje aptariami tyrimui atlikti naudoti kiekybiniai ir kokybiniai metodai bei įvertinama jų taikymo galimybė konvergencijos kriterijų įvertinimui. Trečiojoje darbo dalyje tiriama Lietuvos ir Slovėnijos infliacijos, valdžios sektoriaus metinio biudžeto deficito ir bendrosios skolos, ilgalaikių Vyriausybės vertybinių popierių (VVP) palūkanų normos ir nacionalinės valiutos stabilumo lygio dinamika 2000-2008 m. ir identifikuojami tokį kitimą lėmę veiksniai bei priežastys. Taip pat įvertinamos Lietuvos perspektyvos ateityje įsivesti bendrąją ES valiutą – eurą ir aptariama Slovėnijos narystės euro zonoje nauda šaliai. / In the Final Master’s Degree Work there are evaluated Lithuania and Slovenia‘s inflations, government‘s annual budget deficit and gross debts, long-term government stock interest rate and national currency stability level conformity to the convergence criteria in 2000-2008. The first part of the paper explores theoretical aspects of inflation, government‘s annual budget deficit and gross debts, long-term government stock interest rate and participation of the countries in ERM II – conceptions of every of those criteria are presented, the reasons and outcomes of the appearance are being analysed, factors causing one or another occurrence are being examined, solving methods for the problems related to these macroeconomical indexes are being introduced. In the third part of the work Lithuania and Slovenia‘s inflation, long-term government‘s annual budget deficit and gross debts, long-term government stock interest rate and national currency stability level dynamics in 2000-2008 are researched and the factors and reasons that caused this kind of change are identified. Also, perspectives of Lithuania in the future to introduce the common EU currency – euro are being estimated and benefit of the Slovenia membership in the euro zone to the country is being discussed.

Darbe apžvelgiama bendrų pinigų Europoje svarba bei pateikiama ECB funkcijų EPS analizė. Apžvelgiamas ECB ir LB bendradarbiavimas. Remiantis ECB pranešimais apie konvergenciją pateikiama Lietuvos bei Slovėnijos makroekonominių rodiklių palyginamoji analizė bei remiantis Lietuvos finansų ministerijos ir EK parengtais makroekonominių rodiklių prognozių analizė. Išryškinamos pagrindinės ekonomikos problemos. / The importance of common currency in Europe is surveyed and analysis of ECB functions is the EMU is made. The paper also contains an analysis of ECB and LB's cooperation. According to the data given in Convergence Reports a comparable analysis of Lihuania and Slovenia's macroeconomic indexes is performed. According to the data prepared by the Ministry of Finance of Lithuania and the European Commission an analysis of the macroeconomic indexes forecasts is made. Main economic problems in Lithuania are highlighted.

This thesis examines the social and environmental impacts that have resulted from the construction and operation of the Channel Tunnel. Nord-Pas de Calais, Kent, France, Britain and Europe were all affected through the establishment of the Channel Tunnel. Three sections make up the body of this thesis: i. context and theory ii. social, environmental and economic impacts associated with the construction and operation of the tunnel iii. acknowledgement of the impacts that this development has had on the European Union. This study draws from an extensive body of literature in identifying and examining the issues that preceded and followed this development. The social and environmental impacts associated with public opposition, environmental impacts, land possession, soil disposal, environmental disturbance, water pollution, noise disturbance, energy consumption, water contamination, fire safety and asylum seekers remain the principal discussion points identifiable throughout this piece. These issues are largely concentrated on the areas of Nord-Pas de Calais and Kent, although they are infiltrating the wider European Union in a number of ways. The social and environmental impact assessments conducted prior to the construction of the of the Channel Tunnel proved to be tools that helped ensure that the bodies driving the development were made accountable for the impacts that arose. These processes also facilitated public involvement through public consultation in the development of social and environmental impact assessment. Early identification and recognition of the social and environmental issues identified by these reports led to a more comprehensive approach to project design, construction and operation.

Cette thèse a été développé grâce à une Conventions Industrielles de Formation par la Recherche (CIFRE). Cette convention fait partie d'un programme de l'Association nationale de la recherche et de la technologie (ANRT), coordonné par le Centre nationale de la recherche scientifique (CNRS). L'accord CIFRE subventionne les entreprises françaises qui engagent un thésard pour conduire un projet scientifique dans l'entreprise, en partenariat avec un laboratoire publique de recherche. Pour cette thèse, l'accord CIFRE a été signé par Renault et les laboratoires GIPSA Lab de Grenoble et PRISME d'Orléans.Cette thèse se focalise sur la modélisation 0D, en particulier sur une description plus détaillé du processus de la combustion et l'estimation des masses enfermées dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à allumage commandé (Spark Ignited (SI) engine). Les principaux développements comportent des points suivants :- L'impact flamme parois pendant la combustion : un nouveau modèle pour prendre en compte ce phénomène dans le cadre d'un modèle de combustion 0D à deux zones a été développé. Ce modèle permet de prendre en compte la géométrie de la chambre de combustion et la proportion de flamme que brûle proche des parois du cylindre. Plusieurs études ont montré qu'une grand proportion (20% au 30%) du mélange frais brûle dans ce mode de combustion ce qui montre l'importance de prendre en compte ce phénomène. - L'estimation de la mass totale enfermée dans la chambre de combustion après la fermeture des soupapes est un phénomène très intéressant qui présente un Challenger pour les chercheurs motoristes. Une estimation plus précise de la mass enfermée dans la chambre de combustion permet d'avoir un meilleur contrôle de l'injection du carburant et une amélioration dans le traitement des polluants.- Le dernier point à traiter dans cette thèse est la commande d'un système d'injection "common rail". Ce point a pour but de compléter la modélisation de la combustion en ajoutant une thématique liée à l'injection, lequel est un paramètre crucial dans le processus de la combustion. L'objectif d'un système d'injection common rail est de contrôler l'avance de l'injection, la durée et la pression, de façon indépendante dans chaque cylindre, pour avoir un meilleur contrôle de la combustion, en dépendant des conditions d'opération. Cette injection permet de réguler le carburant en quantités très petites, ce qu'aide à réduire la consommation, les émissions polluantes, et aussi à améliorer la performance du moteur.

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This thesis examines how the various characteristics of the Central and Eastern European new Member States, as indicated by the case studies of the Czech Republic and Hungary. affect how elite monetary policy makers within these states perceive the euro, both politically and economically. In order to answer this question economic and political expectations of what one would predict the perceptions of the euro within these state to be are developed from the official sources and existing Iiterature. The expectations reflect both the symbolic and political utility of currency in the development of collective sentiment as well as address the economic roles of currency. These expectations are then assessed against interview data collected from interviews with elite decision-makers within the Czech Republic and Hungary. Through this approach I argue that the opinions of elite decision-makers suggest that there is a complex interplay between the economic and the political regarding the perceptions of the euro within these states which reflect the unique character of these states. Moreover, I argue that even though the motivations of policy makers are in many cases particular to the NMS they are also run counter to some intuitive and scholarly predictions which indicate the need for further research.

The thesis documents the changes in Italian public opinion towards the Euro. Its aim is to assess the relevance of economic factors for the decline in Italian support for the common currency. The thesis begins by assessing the extent to which support for the Euro has declined in Italy. While there has been popular, media and political comment on this issue, the thesis investigates the changes in attitude through the use of survey material and concludes that there is compelling evidence that public support for the Euro has declined in Italy. The thesis adopts a utilitarian/rational choice approach in order to investigate the reasoning behind the Italian public's developing relationship with the single currency from 1998 to the present. Its central question is: How have economic factors impacted on the Italian public's support for the Euro? The analysis focuses on Italians' perceptions - not their actual knowledge - of national and individual level economic changes brought about by the single currency. The thesis investigates how such perceptions have impacted Italian popular support for the Euro over the period 1998-2007. The method employed in this thesis is primarily based around analysing quantitative data gathered from Standard and Flash Eurobarometers. Other sources considered are academic literature and newspaper articles. The analysis clearly suggests that Italians' optimism towards their national and personal economic situations have all decreased since the Euro was introduced, concurrently with their diminishing support for the Euro. This work suggests that the main reason for decreased support lies in Italian perceptions that the Euro has contributed to worsening economic situations at both the national and individual levels. In particular, Italians believe the Euro has spurred inflation and diminished their purchasing power, and accuse it of failing to promote economic growth and jobs. However, Eurobarometer data combined with newspaper articles indicate that it is the perceived economic consequences at the individual level - loss of purchasing power due to Euro-related price increases, and pessimism towards their household financial situation - that more strongly determine Italians' decreasing support for the Euro.

Konstanz, Univ., Diplomarb., 1998.

Zugl.: Sheffield, University, Diss., 2005.