This dissertation paper defends a thesis that as the Lithuanian enterprises more actively participate in international contracts, the need for financing grows. In order to minimize possible microeconomic and macroeconomic loss, it is necessary to form the expediente strategy of financing; emphasizing costs of alternatives financial sources under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Analyses conducted in the thesis were sought to contribute both conceptually (by formation of systems and models of capital structure) and practically (by implementation of such systems and models) to financing of companies activities, and to maximizing of EVA. The EVA reveals the dependence of an enterprise’s profitability on the employed capital for gaining that profit. The conceptual need urges to determine the zone of effectiveness of rational capital structure, which stipulates the growth of EVA. Scientific relevance of the dissertation is the main results of the scientific study presented for public maintenance. First, one studied adequate motives under Lithuanian conditions that encourage enterprises to study the substantiation of capital structure formation. The preconditions and criteria affecting the financing decisions of Lithuanian enterprises were conceptually grounded while stressing the aspects of finance market globalization. Second, the systemic capital leverage management model was created; involves the three main ranges that affect enterprises’ activity: internal enterprise’s... [to full text]

Human platelet antigens (HPA) is located on the platelet surface and they are inherited both from the mother and the father. If a mother who is homozygous for HPA-1b carries a child who has inherited HPA-1a from the father, the mother is in danger to form antibodies against HPA-1a on the fetal platelet. This may cause the child to suffer from neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) that could lead to death. This can be prevented by platelet transfusion. EVA Biosensor Technology is a new method for detection of HPA-1 that is currently only approved for scientific research. The aim of this study was to evaluate EVAreader R6 and find HPA-1a negative platelet donors that can donate platelets to children born with NAIT. The test material consisted of blood samples from 513 male blood donors with blood group 0. The blood was lysed and tested in EVA-reader R6 from Davos Diagnostics. The result was shown on the screen after 10 min. The results that came out negative or intermediate was analyzed a second time. In total, nine HPA-1a negative donors and 503 HPA-1a positive donors were found. Approximately 2 % of the population is HPA-1a negative, which was reflected in the result. To make sure that the results are correct, a validation with an already existing method has to be made. The conclusion is that the EVA Biosensor Technology could be used for typing of HPA in the future, as long as the results from the validation is correct.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:10:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3017.pdf: 8411236 bytes, checksum: 11eb2089b02db1886ae4503189da1116 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-10 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The objective of the current project was the obtainment of cellulose nanofibers from curaua fibers and their application on the development of polymeric nanocomposites with EVA. A study of cellulose extraction according to the pre-treatment of the curaua fibers (mercerization with 5, 10, 15 and 17.5% NaOH solutions), acid solution used in acid hydrolysis (sulfuric (H2SO4), hydrochloric (HCl), and a mix of them (2:1 v/v)) and temperature of hydrolysis (45oC e 60oC) was carried out. Morphological analysis presented nanofibers with needle-like morphology, and similar lengths and diameters. It was noticed that the addition of hydrochloric acid to promote hydrolysis improved thermal stability of nanofibers, if compared to those hydrolyzed with sulphuric acid only, independent of fibers pre-treatment of the fibers. Nanocomposites and composites were prepared with EVA and nanofibers or mercerized fibers, with 1, 3, 5 and 7 wt% of nanofibers and 1-30 wt% of mercerized fibers, to evaluate the effect of concentration and reinforcement of nanofibers on composites properties as compared with micrometric scale fibers. The extrusion process, to incorporation of nanofibers in EVA matrix, was not enough to disperse and break of clusters of nanofibers down, which behaved as micrometric particles with low aspect ratio, but they were well adhered to the matrix, even without the use of compatibilizers. Mechanical properties of the nanocomposites presented a small increase in elastic modulus with a decrease in strain at break. For composites with mercerized curaua fibers, the extrusion process presented good fiber dispersion. The composites showed an increase on mechanical properties, mainly elastic modulus, with the increase of fiber content, greater than 7%, but with no significant changes in thermal properties. / Este projeto de doutorado teve como objetivo a obtenção de nanofibras de celulose a partir de fibras de curauá e sua aplicação no desenvolvimento de nanocompósitos poliméricos com EVA (copolímero etileno-co-acetato de vinila). Inicialmente, foi realizado um estudo de extração das nanofibras frente às variações no pré-tratamento da fibra de curauá (mercerização com soluções com 5, 10, 15 e 17,5% de NaOH), tipo de ácido empregado na hidrólise (ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4), ácido clorídrico (HCl) e mistura de ácidos sulfúrico e clorídrico (2:1 v/v)) e temperaturas de extração (45oC e 60oC). As análises morfológicas apresentaram nanofibras com formato acicular e com dimensões semelhantes. A introdução de HCl na hidrólise aumentou a estabilidade térmica das nanofibras, em relação àquelas hidrolisadas somente com H2SO4, independente do pré-tratamento a que as fibras foram submetidas. Nanocompósitos e compósitos foram preparados com EVA e nanofibras ou fibras mercerizadas, com teores entre 1 e 7% em massa de nanofibras e entre 1 e 30% em massa de fibras, para avaliar o efeito da concentração e da ação reforçante das nanofibras na matriz polimérica em relação às fibras micrométricas. O processo de extrusão, para a incorporação de nanofibras na matriz de EVA, não foi eficiente na dispersão e desagregação dos aglomerados de nanofibras, que se comportaram como partículas micrométricas com baixa razão de aspecto, mas com boa adesão na matriz, mesmo sem a utilização de agentes compatibilizantes. As propriedades mecânicas dos nanocompósitos apresentaram um pequeno aumento no módulo elástico, com decaimento da elongação na ruptura. Porém, não foram observadas alterações significativas nas propriedades térmicas e no comportamento reológico dos nanocompósitos. Para os compósitos com fibras de curauá mercerizadas, o processo de extrusão proporcionou uma boa dispersão das fibras na matriz. Os compósitos apresentaram aumento das propriedades mecânicas, principalmente módulo elástico, com o aumento do teor de fibras maiores que 7%, porém sem alterações significativas nas propriedades térmicas. Este projeto de doutorado teve como objetivo a obtenção de nanofibras de celulose a partir de fibras de curauá e sua aplicação no desenvolvimento de nanocompósitos poliméricos com EVA (copolímero etileno-co-acetato de vinila). Inicialmente, foi realizado um estudo de extração das nanofibras frente às variações no pré-tratamento da fibra de curauá (mercerização com soluções com 5, 10, 15 e 17,5% de NaOH), tipo de ácido empregado na hidrólise (ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4), ácido clorídrico (HCl) e mistura de ácidos sulfúrico e clorídrico (2:1 v/v)) e temperaturas de extração (45oC e 60oC). As análises morfológicas apresentaram nanofibras com formato acicular e com dimensões semelhantes. A introdução de HCl na hidrólise aumentou a estabilidade térmica das nanofibras, em relação àquelas hidrolisadas somente com H2SO4, independente do pré-tratamento a que as fibras foram submetidas. Nanocompósitos e compósitos foram preparados com EVA e nanofibras ou fibras mercerizadas, com teores entre 1 e 7% em massa de nanofibras e entre 1 e 30% em massa de fibras, para avaliar o efeito da concentração e da ação reforçante das nanofibras na matriz polimérica em relação às fibras micrométricas. O processo de extrusão, para a incorporação de nanofibras na matriz de EVA, não foi eficiente na dispersão e desagregação dos aglomerados de nanofibras, que se comportaram como partículas micrométricas com baixa razão de aspecto, mas com boa adesão na matriz, mesmo sem a utilização de agentes compatibilizantes. As propriedades mecânicas dos nanocompósitos apresentaram um pequeno aumento no módulo elástico, com decaimento da elongação na ruptura. Porém, não foram observadas alterações significativas nas propriedades térmicas e no comportamento reológico dos nanocompósitos. Para os compósitos com fibras de curauá mercerizadas, o processo de extrusão proporcionou uma boa dispersão das fibras na matriz. Os compósitos apresentaram aumento das propriedades mecânicas, principalmente módulo elástico, com o aumento do teor de fibras maiores que 7%, porém sem alterações significativas nas propriedades térmicas.

A prática e o estudo da literatura, em geral, foram realizados por homens os quais estabeleceram os conceitos a respeito da posição da mulher na sociedade e acabaram por determinar os papéis de subordinação feminina em relação ao poder masculino. A escrita da mulher rejeita as divisões de gênero e, na medida em que as autoras vão se apropriando do discurso, promovem, por meio do questionamento aos valores tradicionais, a desconstrução do modelo patriarcal, abrindo a possibilidade de a mulher tornar-se sujeito e atuar efetivamente na sociedade. Por isso, analisar a situação cultural da mulher torna-se fundamental na medida em que se pode perceber como ela vê o outro, como é vista pelo grupo dominante e por si mesma. Isabel Allende, em Eva Luna e Cuentos de Eva Luna, narra a história de uma mulher que se constitui a partir da palavra, assim, esta dissertação objetiva refletir não apenas a revalorização da literatura escrita por mulheres como também propor uma discussão sobre a representação do papel da mulher na reescrita da história, tanto no espaço privado quanto no público, a partir da possibilidade de modificação de seu destino por meio da subversão do poder patriarcal. As obras dialogam também com a história da Venezuela, possibilitando a leitura dos fatos históricos desse país a partir de estudos interdisciplinares, a qual se justifica tanto na construção dos múltiplos sentidos propostos por uma obra literária, quanto pela possibilidade de demonstrar o papel da reconstituição histórica na construção da identidade dos indivíduos e das sociedades, permitindo uma reflexão crítica sobre a história do continente latino-americano. As obras tematizam a potência transformadora da linguagem ao narrar a vida de uma personagem feminina que, usando seus contos, transforma a si e ao meio em que vive. A análise é pautada na apropriação de aportes da teoria feminista, associados à análise da regionalidade, da intertextualidade, ao estudo das fronteiras instauradas entre história e literatura e ao conto. Aspectos teóricos sobre o silêncio ao qual a mulher foi submetida e aos papéis representados por ela na literatura fundamentam a discussão a partir da constituição identitária da própria narradora, Eva Luna, que, apesar de ter sua existência programada para ser submissa, supera seus medos e modifica seu destino, tornando-se uma escritora e, assim como suas personagens, consegue restaurar o poder feminino, justamente porque, tal como Eva Luna, as demais escritoras se libertam da dominação, subvertendo e reinventando padrões por meio da escrita, detendo, assim, o poder sobre a narrativa e a fascinação da palavra. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-28T19:44:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Aline Leticia R de Abreu.pdf: 570117 bytes, checksum: c115ff07f4271efbc2309a5bf8bbc2d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-28T19:44:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Aline Leticia R de Abreu.pdf: 570117 bytes, checksum: c115ff07f4271efbc2309a5bf8bbc2d0 (MD5) / The practice and study of literature, in general, were developed by men, who establish the concepts about the position of the woman in the society, bringing on the determination of the roles of the women´s subordination in relation to the men´s power. The woman´s writing rejects the divisions of gender and, as the female writers start to appropriate the discourse, they promote, through traditional values questioning, the desconstruction of the patriarchal model, opening the possibility of the woman to become the subject and act effectively in the society. It means that analyzing the cultural situation of the woman becomes fundamental, because it is possible to perceive how she sees the other and how she is seen by the dominant group and by herself. Isabel Allende, in Eva Luna and Cuentos de Eva Luna, narrates the story of a woman who is composed from the word. In this sense, this dissertation has as goal to ponder not only the revaluation of the literature written by women, but also to propose a discussion about the representation of the woman´s role in both: the private and the social spaces, based on the possibilities of modifications of their destinies through the social subversion of the patriarchal power. The writings also keep a dialogue with Venezuela´s history, making it possible to read it relating to interdisciplinary studies, that justify itself in both: the construction of the multiple senses proposed by a literary fiction, and the possibility of demonstrate the role of the historical reconstruction in the identity construction of the people and the societies in general, permitting a critical thinking about the history of the Latin-American continent. The writings thematize the transforming power of the language while it narrates the life of a female character who, using her tales, transforms herself and the environment where she lives. The analysis is based on the appropriation of concepts of the feminist theory, like notions of gender, associated to the analysis of the regionalism and intertextuality, to the study of the borders established between history and literature and to the tale. Theoretical aspects about the silence which the woman was submitted to and the roles represented by her in the literature were referred with the intention of proposing a discussion of the identity construction of the narrator herself, Eva Luna, who, in spite of having her existence programmed to be submissive, overcome her fears and modify her destiny, becoming a writer and, as her characters, can reconstruct the female power, just because, as Eva Luna, the other female writers, make themselves free of the domination, subverting and reinventing patterns through the writing, owning the power over the narrative and the fascination of the word.

Existem fortes evidências de que a importância dos intangíveis tem crescido. Na medida em que a importância dos intangíveis aumenta, torna-se crítico gerenciá-los para que o valor da empresa seja maximizado. A gestão dos intangíveis depende da valoração adequada desses ativos. O conceito de EVA e MVA, de Stewart III, parece ser apropriado para avaliar os intangíveis. Um importante componente do modelo do EVA é o custo de capital, ou custo médio ponderado de capital (WACC), utilizado para (1) remunerar o capital tangível e (2) descontar os EVA's a valor presente. No modelo de Stewart, o taxa de desconto parece ser igual nas duas situações. Entretanto, existem razões para crer que as taxas devam ser diferentes. Evidências teóricas e empíricas sugerem que (1) o risco dos intangíveis é maior que dos tangíveis e (2) os ativos intangíveis tendem a ser financiados por recursos próprios. Se essas suposições forem verdadeiras, o custo de capital dos intangíveis deveria ser maior que dos tangíveis. Essa tese examina empresas brasileiras e norte-americanas para responder a seguinte questão: Quais as diferenças de estrutura de capital e de risco entre as empresas tangível e intangível-intensivas? Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que a estrutura de capital parece ser o fator mais importante na diferenciação entre os dois tipos de empresas. / There are strong evidences that the importance of intangible assets are growing. As the importance of intangibles increases, it is critical to manage them in order to accomplish the most important financial goal: the maximization of wealth. Properly management of intangibles depends on its accurate valuation. Stewart’s EVA and MVA seems to be one of the appropriate techniques to value intangibles. An important component in the EVA model is the cost of capital, or the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), which is applied (1) to charge the tangible capital and (2) to discount the projected EVA's. In Stewart's model the rates seems to be equal. However, there are reasons to believe that these rates must be different. Theoretical and empirical evidences suggest that (1) the risk of intangibles are greater than the tangibles assets and (2) intangibles assets tend to be equity financed. If these assumptions are true, then the cost of capital of intangibles should be greater than the cost of tangibles. This thesis examines Brazilian and American companies in order to answer the following question: What are the differences between intangible and tangible-intensive companies regarding to their capital structure and risk? Results show that capital structure seems to be the most important factor in discriminating these two kind of companies.

A prática e o estudo da literatura, em geral, foram realizados por homens os quais estabeleceram os conceitos a respeito da posição da mulher na sociedade e acabaram por determinar os papéis de subordinação feminina em relação ao poder masculino. A escrita da mulher rejeita as divisões de gênero e, na medida em que as autoras vão se apropriando do discurso, promovem, por meio do questionamento aos valores tradicionais, a desconstrução do modelo patriarcal, abrindo a possibilidade de a mulher tornar-se sujeito e atuar efetivamente na sociedade. Por isso, analisar a situação cultural da mulher torna-se fundamental na medida em que se pode perceber como ela vê o outro, como é vista pelo grupo dominante e por si mesma. Isabel Allende, em Eva Luna e Cuentos de Eva Luna, narra a história de uma mulher que se constitui a partir da palavra, assim, esta dissertação objetiva refletir não apenas a revalorização da literatura escrita por mulheres como também propor uma discussão sobre a representação do papel da mulher na reescrita da história, tanto no espaço privado quanto no público, a partir da possibilidade de modificação de seu destino por meio da subversão do poder patriarcal. As obras dialogam também com a história da Venezuela, possibilitando a leitura dos fatos históricos desse país a partir de estudos interdisciplinares, a qual se justifica tanto na construção dos múltiplos sentidos propostos por uma obra literária, quanto pela possibilidade de demonstrar o papel da reconstituição histórica na construção da identidade dos indivíduos e das sociedades, permitindo uma reflexão crítica sobre a história do continente latino-americano. As obras tematizam a potência transformadora da linguagem ao narrar a vida de uma personagem feminina que, usando seus contos, transforma a si e ao meio em que vive. A análise é pautada na apropriação de aportes da teoria feminista, associados à análise da regionalidade, da intertextualidade, ao estudo das fronteiras instauradas entre história e literatura e ao conto. Aspectos teóricos sobre o silêncio ao qual a mulher foi submetida e aos papéis representados por ela na literatura fundamentam a discussão a partir da constituição identitária da própria narradora, Eva Luna, que, apesar de ter sua existência programada para ser submissa, supera seus medos e modifica seu destino, tornando-se uma escritora e, assim como suas personagens, consegue restaurar o poder feminino, justamente porque, tal como Eva Luna, as demais escritoras se libertam da dominação, subvertendo e reinventando padrões por meio da escrita, detendo, assim, o poder sobre a narrativa e a fascinação da palavra. / The practice and study of literature, in general, were developed by men, who establish the concepts about the position of the woman in the society, bringing on the determination of the roles of the women´s subordination in relation to the men´s power. The woman´s writing rejects the divisions of gender and, as the female writers start to appropriate the discourse, they promote, through traditional values questioning, the desconstruction of the patriarchal model, opening the possibility of the woman to become the subject and act effectively in the society. It means that analyzing the cultural situation of the woman becomes fundamental, because it is possible to perceive how she sees the other and how she is seen by the dominant group and by herself. Isabel Allende, in Eva Luna and Cuentos de Eva Luna, narrates the story of a woman who is composed from the word. In this sense, this dissertation has as goal to ponder not only the revaluation of the literature written by women, but also to propose a discussion about the representation of the woman´s role in both: the private and the social spaces, based on the possibilities of modifications of their destinies through the social subversion of the patriarchal power. The writings also keep a dialogue with Venezuela´s history, making it possible to read it relating to interdisciplinary studies, that justify itself in both: the construction of the multiple senses proposed by a literary fiction, and the possibility of demonstrate the role of the historical reconstruction in the identity construction of the people and the societies in general, permitting a critical thinking about the history of the Latin-American continent. The writings thematize the transforming power of the language while it narrates the life of a female character who, using her tales, transforms herself and the environment where she lives. The analysis is based on the appropriation of concepts of the feminist theory, like notions of gender, associated to the analysis of the regionalism and intertextuality, to the study of the borders established between history and literature and to the tale. Theoretical aspects about the silence which the woman was submitted to and the roles represented by her in the literature were referred with the intention of proposing a discussion of the identity construction of the narrator herself, Eva Luna, who, in spite of having her existence programmed to be submissive, overcome her fears and modify her destiny, becoming a writer and, as her characters, can reconstruct the female power, just because, as Eva Luna, the other female writers, make themselves free of the domination, subverting and reinventing patterns through the writing, owning the power over the narrative and the fascination of the word.

La difficulté de recyclage des pneus usagés en raison de la réticulation de la gomme représente un enjeu environnemental important. Une solution envisagée dans cette étude est la mise en œuvre de poudrettes de pneumatique recyclées (GTR) dans la conception de produits de plasturgie visant un bon amortissement choc, acoustique et vibratoire. Notre travail s’est orienté vers la conception et la caractérisation de deux types de matériaux : 1) Des composites Thermoplastique/GTR, sur 2 matrices thermoplastiques (TP) différentes (Acétate de vinyle (EVA) et polypropylène (PP) mis en œuvre par extrusion/injection, 2) Des plaques composées à 100% de poudrettes GTR élaborées par compaction/chauffage. La qualité de l’interface TP/GTR a été estimée par analyse micrographie électronique à balayage MEB. L’influence des charges GTR sur la cristallinité des matrices a été évaluée par DSC. Une étude en traction a permis de déterminer le module de Young en traction, le seuil d’écoulement ainsi que l’allongement à rupture. L’amortissement vibratoire a été caractérisé par analyse mécanique dynamique (DMA) avec la détermination du facteur de perte η sur une large gamme de températures permettant la construction des courbes maîtresses en fréquence (équivalence fréquence/température WLF). L’amortissement choc a été déterminé par impact de chute de masse instrumenté. Le coefficient d’absorption acoustique a été mesuré au moyen d’un tube de Kundt par la méthode des deux microphones. Ces différents moyens de caractérisation ont montré que l’amortissement de vibrations et d’impacts était augmenté par l’incorporation de charges GTR dans une matrice TP. L’étude de la résilience des mélanges PP/GTR a mis en évidence l’influence de la structure interne des éprouvettes moulées sur les mécanismes d’amortissement des chocs. Les plaques constituées à 100% de poudrettes compactées/chauffées ont démontré une bonne cohésion et d’excellentes propriétés d’amortissement aux chocs. Le coefficient d’absorption acoustique n’est intéressant qu’au voisinage de la résonance des différentes plaques testées. / The difficulty of recycling used tires due to the crosslinking of the gum is an important environmental issue. One solution proposed in this study consists in the integration of recycled tire crumb (GTR) in the design of plastic products aiming for a good impact, sound and vibration damping. Our work focused on the design and characterization of two types of materials : 1) Thermoplastic/GTR composites with two different thermoplastic matrix (TP) : vinyl acetate (EVA) and polypropylene (PP)processed by extrusion/injection, 2) plates made from 100 % GTR crumb processed by sintering. The quality of the TP/GTR interface was estimated with a Scanning Electron Microscope SEM. The influence of the GTR fillers on the TP matrix crystallinity was evaluated by DSC. Tensile test determined the Young’s modulus in tension, the yield point and the elongation at break. The vibration damping has been characterized by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) with the determination of loss factor η on a wide range of temperatures to allow the construction of master curves frequency (frequency/temperature equivalence WLF). The shock damping was determined by an intrumentad drop test. The sound absorption coefficient was measured using a Kundt tube using the two microphones method. These different means of characterization showed that the vibration damping and impact energy absorption was increased by the incorporation of GTR fillers in a TP matrix. The study of PP/GTR blends revealed the influence of the internal damages of the molded specimens on the shock absorption mechanisms. Plates consisting of sintered GTR showed good cohesion and excellent shock absorption properties. The sound absorption coefficient only proved interesting in the vicinity of the resonance of various plates being tested.

Les lampes à LEDs s’imposent comme la solution d’avenir pour l’éclairage vert de demain. Malgré des durées de vie annoncées par les constructeurs supérieures à 50 000h, une dérive prématurée de la qualité colorimétrique a été constatée. Ce travail de thèse porte sur l’influence de la photodégradation sur les propriétés optiques de l’un des composants d’un module LED : le composite luminescent qui est associé à la puce semi-conductrice. Des composites luminescents ont été élaborés à partir d’une matrice polymère (EVA ou PMMA) et d’un luminophore inorganique : Y3BO6 : 15% Eu3+. L’évolution des propriétés physico-chimiques et optiques de ces composites a été étudiée sous irradiation dans des conditions accélérées (λ>300 nm) et dans les conditions d’usage (LED UV, λ=365 nm). Le luminophore n’a pas montré d’effet prodégradant sur la photooxydation du polymère. Une perte des propriétés optiques du composite sous l’effet de la photodégradation du polymère a été mise en évidence dans le cas de la matrice EVA. L’évolution des paramètres photométriques de la lumière émise par les composites luminescents au cours du photovieillissement a pu être reliée à l’accumulation des photoproduits dans les films. En revanche, pour les composites PMMA/luminophore, la structure chimique et les propriétés optiques de ces composites ne sont pas modifiés pour des durées de photovieillissement accélérés de 4000h. / Phosphor-converted LEDs are emerging as an eco-friendly solution for the next generation lighting. Despite lifetimes claimed over 50 000h, a loss of the optical properties was noticed. This work focuses on the influence of photodegradation of the materials on the optical properties of the polymer/phosphor composite that is used to encapsulate the semiconductor chip. Luminescent composites were made from a polymer matrix (EVA or PMMA) and an inorganic phosphor: Y3BO6 :15% Eu3+. The evolution of physical, chemical and optical properties of these composites was investigated under irradiation in accelerated conditions (λ>300 nm) and in the use conditions of UV LED (λ=365 nm). The phosphor showed no pro-degrading effect on the photooxidation of the polymer. A loss of the optical properties of the composite was observed and ascribed to the photodegradation of the polymer in the case of the EVA matrix. The evolution of photometric parameters of the emitted light by the luminescent composite during photoaging can be attributed to the accumulation of photoproducts in films. However, for PMMA/phosphor composites, the chemical structure and optical properties of such composites are kept for accelerated photoaging time up to 4000h.

Pendrin is an anion transporter that is expressed in several organs. In the thyroid gland, pendrin is localized at the apical pole of thyrocytes and it is responsible for the iodide efflux from thyrocytes into the colloid in the follicular lumen where iodide is organificated. The extrathyroidal expression was shown in the inner ear, kidney, placenta and mammary gland. Carriers of mutations in the pendrin gene (PDS, SLC26A4) display variable phenotypical features following the autosomal recessive manner of the inheritance: combined thyroid and hearing affection (Pendred syndrome - OMIM274600), nonsyndromic autosomal recessive neurosensory deafness (DFNB4 - OMIM600791) or isolated enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA - OMIM603545). The thyroid affection is usually manifested as euthyroid or hypothyroid goitre in the second decade of life. In a minority of patients, dyshormonogenesis is present at birth, and the disease is diagnosed in the frame of the nation-wide neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism.

This thesis is focused on the study of the properties of mortars and pastes with active pozzolanic materials. It deals with monitoring cementitious composites which describes both the effect of compensation pozzolanic cement mortar admixtures active based on amorphous silica and the modifying polymeric additive. The main criteria for the assessment of these modified mortars and pastes are particularly adhesive and achieved strength compared with the reference mortar. The detailed work also examined the microstructure past through images from REM, records RTG, DTA and high pressure mercury porosimetry.