The purpose of this project was to create a comprehensive exam for a California State University to measure student learning in Psychology within a multi-matrix method Outcomes Assessment process.

This study is an experimental investigation of two groups of junior high school students in an effort to evaluate the advantages of workbooks in their music classes. The comparison was made with two classes composed of thirty-two students each from the two junior high schools in the Beaumont Independent School District. One class used the workbooks in conjunction with the regular singing and appreciation work, but the other class did not use formal workbooks. They discussed the theory and notation of the music in relation to the work they were doing.

Eine Kompetenz beschreibt im Kontext eines Lehr-/Lernprozesses fachliche und fachübergreifende Basisqualifikationen. Als latente Fähigkeit kann sie jedoch nicht direkt beobachtet werden. Eine indirekte Beobachtung ist möglich, indem sie durch eine Menge valider Aufgaben beschrieben wird, die nur erfolgreich bearbeitet werden können, wenn die Kompetenz existiert. Werden diese Aufgaben durch einen Lernenden bearbeitet, so liefert ihm das Ergebnis der Bearbeitung ein unmittelbares Feedback über seinen aktuellen Lernerfolg. Der Lehr-/Lernprozess verhält sich dabei wie ein Regelkreis, in dem das Feedback als Regelgröße Einfluss auf verschiedene Aspekte des Lernens nimmt, zum Beispiel die Motivation. Wurde eine Aufgabe nicht korrekt gelöst, wünschen sich die Lernenden Feedback, welches ihnen hilft, das Problem zu erkennen, zu verstehen und zu lösen. Dabei kann sie ein Tutor unterstützen. Betreut der Tutor jedoch mehrere Lernende gleichzeitig, zum Beispiel während einer Übung, kann es zu einer Verringerung der individuellen Betreuungszeit kommen. Dadurch fällt es dem Tutor schwerer, ein individuelles, ausführliches und sofortiges Feedback im Anschluss an die Aufgabenbearbeitung zu geben. Es wird anhand mehrerer empirischer Studien untersucht, ob zuvor entwickeltes FCF einen Beitrag zur Bewältigung dieser Herausforderung bei kompetenzorientierten Programmieraufgaben leisten kann.

This work deals with processing and analysis of micro-CT images of dental-canals filled by~two materials (AH-plus and NaMPC). For that reason, six dog-teeth were scanned in the X-Ray Micro CT Research Lab. The main aim was to produce an algorithm (in Matlab) that evaluates the quality of filling of dental canals (quality of filling materials). The algorithm performs the segmentation of dental canals and calculates their borders. Also, the algorithm measures the percentage contacts of filling materials with dental walls. Moreover, the algorithm provides masks of dental canals according to requirements of the commercial program VG Studio, that evaluates the porosity of filling materials. The results of percentage contacts and porosities show on not-remarkable differences of tested filling materials.

Management entails achieving our goals through other people with the effective use of available resources. This study investigated the influence of the management of teaching and learning on the matriculation results of grade 12 learners in schools under Moroke Circuit in Limpopo Province, having considered the instructional and transformational leadership activities of the school leaders. The literature that has been consulted, explains the concept of the management of teaching and learning, the instructional and transformational leadership of the school principal, approaches used by the school leadership to ensure effective management of teaching and learning, the role of all stakeholders in ensuring effective management systems and positive and/or negative influence of the management of teaching and learning on matriculation examination results. Two schools from the rural area of Limpopo Province were selected for the purpose of gathering information relating to the management activities of the schools, educators’ roles, the roles of the parents and those of learners in ensuring good results in the matriculation examination. Good leadership has a recognisable influence on the performance of learners in their academic work. Therefore, the presence of this was explored in the schools selected as sample for this study. All the above topics have been explained in full taking into consideration data gathered from the two schools selected for the study. The study has revealed that effective management of teaching and learning promotes discipline in the school and impacts positively on the matriculation examination results. However, poor management of teaching and learning affects the performance of learners negatively. The conclusion is, therefore, that effective management of teaching and learning is inevitable in every school that aims at performing high in the matriculation examination every year. Recommendations have also been given as to how the management of teaching and learning can be improved upon in order to influence the matriculation examination results of our schools positively. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)

The Corona pandemic and Covid-19 has affected the entire globe where we had to adapt to a new way of living and a new standard of doing things. For the universities in Sweden and around the world this generally meant that the universities had to switch to online teaching and digital examinations to the largest extent possible. Even though we have lived in this new kind of every day we know barely anything about how this has affected the grades of the students, and what we can learn about it to do things more effectively in the future. In this paper, I examine the possible effects on grades for students at the university level by using newly collected data from Linnaeus University’s department of economics and statistics. Results show that the grades after the decision to switch to online teaching and digital exams in March of 2020, overall became higher for both males and females but no significant difference between the genders were found.

This study examines the use of the Test of Written English (TWE), the essay portion of the TOEFL, as an indicator of academic readiness at Portland State University.

This thesis argues the necessity of new standards for Japanese language teaching in Japan, responding to diversifying social needs. The current situation for foreign workers in Japan is a pressing issue in the light of declining fertility rates and a rapidly aging population. The focus of chapter 1 is this paper particularly focuses on issues regarding acceptance of nurses and certified care workers under the scheme of Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between Japan and Indonesia in 2008, as a new policy to import more foreign skilled workers into Japan. This chapter demonstrates the nation's passive attitude toward accepting foreign workers as well as the growing demand for more consistent immigration policy in terms of language. Chapter 2 discusses the validity and accountability of the current major influential assessment tool in Japan, Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT). It includes a discussion of how linguistic `proficiency' is understood in the JLPT and reveals its problems, comparing JLPT with other influential measurement tools in the world such as the American Council on the Teaching Foreign Language-Oral Proficiency Interview (ACTFL-OPI) and the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR).

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<p>  </p> <p>Widely recognized as bridging graduate coursework and independent research, doctoral examinations also (re)-produce disciplinary norms and map trajectories for graduate student professionalization. This institutional ethnography investigates doctoral exam processes as a component of curricular infrastructure, a term that I describe in functional, relational, temporal, and heuristic terms. This study begins with a discipline-wide survey (Chapter 3) reaching 81 PhD programs in Rhetoric and Composition, building on previous programmatic research in the field to identify constellations of exam formats and their stated purposes. From this broad view, institutional ethnography re-orients analysis by focusing on the standpoints of individual stakeholders (graduate students and faculty) and the ways that work processes point toward broader structural tendencies and assumptions.  From the survey, individual perspectives through interviews with faculty at nine different universities (Chapter 4) and a large focus group with graduate students (Chapter 5) to identify work practices and the institutional and disciplinary factors that direct them. This project yields an empirically grounded description of current graduate pedagogical practices, and through those practices, describes several contours of curricular infrastructure. Temporal boundary objects describe how the meaning and significance of an experience like a doctoral exam can change across time, yielding insight into how curricular practices transfer from one intuition to another. Institutional inertia appears as common iteration of curricular infrastructure, representing the tendency of intuitions to self-replicate and resist change, and nonverbal visually embodied actions serve as a key to understanding communication about institutions that avoids talking about institutions. The project culminates in Chapter 6 with a three-part heuristic, described as an aspect of curricular infrastructure, designed as a resource to faculty and administrators who are in decision-making positions with respect to doctoral exams.  </p>