ABSTRACT DESIGN OF A DEMOLITION BOOM &Ccedil / etin, Bet&uuml / l M.S, Department of Mechanical Engineering Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Eres S&Ouml / YLEMEZ August 2007, 96 pages Excavators are used for many purposes. Some of these are digging, drilling, breaking and demolition. A demolition excavator boom consists of 3-piece boom which is different in form and construction from a 2-piece boom used in standard excavator. The aim of this thesis is to design a demolition boom for hydraulic excavator with operation weight of 30 ton. With this construction a higher reach is gained. Design of the demolition boom consists of three stages. Firstly the mechanism design is performed to determine the basic link dimensions. In the second step the structural shape of the boom is estimated to perform static stress analysis. The EXCEL program is chosen due to the ease of repetative calculations and applying the changes in structure parameters. The demolition boom is modeled by PRO-ENGINEER, and consequently the model is analyzed by using a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in MSC.Marc-Mentat. According to the FEA results the model is revised. Keywords: Demolition Excavator, Mechanism Design, Structural design

This study concerns with the automated structural optimization of an excavator boom. The need for this work arises due to the fact that the preparation of the CAD model, performing finite element analysis and model data evaluation are time consuming processes and require experienced man power. The previously developed software OptiBOOM, which generates a CAD model using a finite set of parameters and then performs a finite element analysis by using a commercial program has been modified. The model parameter generation, model creation, analysis data collection and data evaluation phases are done by the Python and Delphi based computer codes. A global heuristic search strategy such as genetic algorithm is chosen to search different boom models and select an optimum.

The aim of this study is to perform the shape optimization of the lower chassis of the wheeled excavator. A computer program is designed to generate parametric Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the structure by using the commercial program, MSC. Marc-Mentat. The model parameters are generated in the Microsoft Excel platform and the analysis data is collected by the Python based computer codes. The previously developed software Smart Designer [5], which performs the shape optimization of an excavator boom by using genetic algorithm, is modified and embedded in the designed program.

This study concerns with acoustical analysis of exhaust mufflers for earth-moving machinery. The study arises from the fact that there is a need for further noise reduction emitted by earth-moving machinery produced by Hidromek Inc. in order to be on the safe side of the limits stated in European Noise Directive 2000/14/EC. The acoustical performance of the muffler is investigated both experimental and numerical means. A three-dimensional finite element method is performed to calculate the transmission loss. An experimental setup is also developed to measure the transmission loss. Chung-Blaser, two-source and two-load methods are applied to measure the transmission loss of single expansion chamber with extended inlet/outlet. The experimental setup is verified by comparing the test results obtained by two-load method with one-dimensional analytical solution obtained by transfer matrix method. Transmission loss of the muffler of interest, calculated by finite element method is compared with the experimental results. Sound power level of earth-moving machinery and insertion loss of the muffler is measured to investigate the acoustical performance of the muffler. These results can then be served as guidance for the acoustical design of a muffler.

Excavators which used as earthmoving machinery are exposed to heavy loads and operate long hours repeatedly. The forces that are transmitted trough pin bearings are observed to cause failure due to wear. Therefore, durability of bearings is crucial for excavators. The aim of this study is to perform wear analysis of excavator bearings running in boundary lubrication regime. A hydraulically powered test rig, which simulates the operating conditions of excavator bearings is designed and constructed. Wear is obtained applying both force and relative motion between pin and bearing on the test rig. Several tests are performed in this test bench. Force and material type are varied as the factors influencing wear. Results are compared and the effects of the factors on wear are determined.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe apžvelgti laboratoriniai ir praktiniai abrazyvinio dėvėjimosi tyrimų metodai. Sumontuotas ekskavatoriaus kaušo dantų abrazyvinio dėvėjimosi stendas, sudaryta nauja tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas buvo atliktas su šešiais ekskavatoriaus kaušo dantimis: trys aplydyti „Anykščių vario“, du ESAB firmų elektrodais, vienas dantis neaplydytas. Darbe ištirtos neaplydyto ir aplydytų skirtingais elektrodais ekskavatoriaus kaušo dantų abrazyvinio dėvėjimosi charakteristikos, pateiktos išvados ir rekomendacijos. / The final magistracy work review laboratory and field abrasive wear test methods. New excavator bucket teeth abrasive wear tester was mounted and new research method was created. Research was developed with six excavator bucket’s teeth: three teeth were coating with “Anyksciu varis” company electrodes, two teeth were coating with ESAB company electrodes and one tooth wasn’t coating. In this work are analysing teeth that are coating with several types electrodes or without them, abrasive wear performances. It was present conclusion and recommendation.

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The aim of this study is to design a computer interface, which links the user to commercial Finite Element Analysis (FEA) program, MSC.Marc-Mentat to make automatic FE analysis of an excavator boom by using DELPHI as platform. Parametrization of boom geometry is done to add some flexibility to interface called OPTIBOOM. Parametric FE analysis of a boom shortens the design stages and helps to find the optimum design in terms of stresses and mass.

Ingeniero Civil / El proyecto Montes del Plata consiste en la construcción de una planta de celulosa de última generación ubicada en Punta Pereira, Uruguay. El proyecto cuenta con un terminal portuario, constituido por un muelle con dos sitios de atraque de bloques de hormigón, los cuales están apoyados en una base de apoyo compuesta por material granular. La alta turbiedad del Río de La Plata impide la colocación de protecciones costeras de manera convencional y también el nivelamiento de las bases de apoyo. Debido a esto surge la necesidad de utilizar el sistema XPM, el cual es capaz de realizar ambas tareas con exactitud y sin visibilidad. El eXcavator Position Monitor (XPM) es un sistema que se implementa en una retroexcavadora estándar, el cual permite el control y monitoreo del dragado y depósito de material bajo el agua. Este sistema está compuesto por una computadora, sensores y también un sistema GPS de gran precisión (DGPS-RTK), los cuales entregan la información necesaria para modelar los movimientos de la excavadora y el fondo marino. De esta manera es posible operar la excavadora sin tener una visión de esta. El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un estudio del sistema XPM y presentar su aplicación en terreno. Para ello se estudió el funcionamiento y el comportamiento del sistema en terreno y también la eficiencia de su trabajo. El estudio incluye los costos del sistema para poder compararlo con otros métodos y evaluar la conveniencia de su uso. De lo observado en terreno y de los costos obtenidos, se concluyó que el sistema XPM puede realizar en forma precisa y eficiente los trabajos de colocación de coraza (protecciones costeras) y que tiene un menor costo en comparación con la colocación utilizando grúas. Finalmente se evaluó la posibilidad incorporar esta tecnología en nuestro país.

The aim of this thesis is a design of an additional excavator with side shift for agricultural tractor with power from 50 to 70 kW. The excavator is controlled by a hydraulic circuit. The main element here is an independent pump with a 40l / min supply, which is driven by a gearbox using a cardan shaft. The hydraulic circuit has been designed so that the temperature of the hydraulic fluid does not exceed the allowable limit. An important role is played by the connection to the tractor where was used a modified three-point hitch. This coupling of the tractor with the frame of excavator ensures sufficient rigidity when performing excavation work. When calculating the excavation resistance, was considered the soil of the 4th class, this is hard-to-disconnect soil or clay. The calculation implies that the machine can be used with backhoe buckets up to 500 mm wide. Strength analysis of boom was performed in Ansys Workbench 2019. Safety coefficients were determined for individual components. The overall safety coefficient is equal to 1.7.