Network performance maps can be used as a tool to predict network conditions at a given location, based on previous measurements at that location. By using measurement data from other users in similar locations, these predictions can be significantly improved. This thesis looks into the accuracy of predictions when using different approaches to distribute this data between users, we compare the accuracy of predictions achieved by using a central server containing all known measurements to the accuracy achieved when using a crowd-based approach with opportunistic exchanges between users. Using data-driven simulations, this thesis also compares and evaluates the impact of using different exchange policies. Based on these simulations we conclude which of the exchange policies provides the most accurate predictions.

近年來，由於國際化的開展，國際貿易愈來愈普及，匯率因此扮演一個重要的角色。貶值固然可以提高一國的出口競爭力，卻可能造成通貨膨脹而不利本國消費，激烈的匯率波動更會造成兩國間貿易的不確定性。因此，各國中央銀行為了穩定外匯市場及商品市場，並為了追求低而穩定的通貨膨脹率而干預匯率波動。依據Devereux and Engle (2003)，跨國廠商在訂貿易財價格時可採生產者貨幣訂價法（producer-currency pricing, PCP）或當地貨幣訂價法（local-currency pricing, LCP），在此兩種訂價方式下，匯率的轉嫁程度會有所不同，此亦可能會改變貨幣政策的總體經濟效果。 本文在一小型開放的動態隨機一般均衡模型（DSGE）下，加入央行的資產負債表與貨幣政策法則，探討當外生衝擊發生時，在不同的匯率轉嫁程度下，央行採取彈性匯率或管理浮動匯率對總體經濟變數產生的影響。 / With the development of the global economy, the international trade has become more common. When the country trades with other countries, exchange rate plays an important role. The currency depreciation may generate the current account surplus, but may lead to higher inflation and hurt the domestic consumption. Drastic exchange rate fluctuations may result in the uncertainty in trades. As the result, central banks may intervene in the foreign exchange market to stabilize exchange rate movements. Devereux and Engle (2003) build up the two-country DSGE model to examine macroeconomic effects of monetary policy under different degree of exchange rate pass-through. They consider two cases: producer-currency-pricing (PCP) where the exchange rate pass-through is complete and expenditure-switching effect exists, and local-currency-pricing (LCP) where the exchange rate pass-through is incomplete and there is no expenditure-switching effect. In the paper, we follow the small-open-economy DSGE model in Kollmann (2002) by including the balance sheet and alternative monetary policy rules of the monetary policy to examine the different macroeconomic effects under different degrees of exchange rate pass-through.

Esta tese tem como tema a Superintendência da Moeda e do Crédito (SUMOC) embrião do Banco Central do Brasil, durante os anos 50, definida como espaço de construção da hegemonia de uma fração das classes dominantes. Examinamos aqui como as diferentes frações da burguesia brasileira procuravam construir o consenso através de seus aparelhos privados de hegemonia - a FIDF (Federação das Indústrias do Distrito Federal), o ISEB (Instituto Superior de Estudos Brasileiros), a ACSP (Associação Comercial de São Paulo) e a Revista Digesto Econômico. Tal consenso também passava pela difusão dos ideários desenvolvimentista e liberal, aqui confrontados e identificados quanto aos seus pontos de convergência e divergência. / The theme of this thesis is The Superintendência da Moeda e do Crédito (SUMOC) [Credit and Currency Authority] an embryo of The Central Bank of Brazil, created in the fifties, and defined as a space for the construction of the hegemony of a segment of the ruling classes. We study here how the different sectors of the Brazilian bourgeoisie tried to build a consensus using their private hegemony instruments The FIDF (Federation of Industries of the Federal District), the ISEB (Superior Institute of Brazilian Studies), the ACSP (Commercial Association of São Paulo), and the Economic Digest Magazine. Such consensus also included the diffusion of the liberal and developmental ideals, here confronted and identified in relation to their points of convergence and divergence.

Esta tese tem como tema a Superintendência da Moeda e do Crédito (SUMOC) embrião do Banco Central do Brasil, durante os anos 50, definida como espaço de construção da hegemonia de uma fração das classes dominantes. Examinamos aqui como as diferentes frações da burguesia brasileira procuravam construir o consenso através de seus aparelhos privados de hegemonia - a FIDF (Federação das Indústrias do Distrito Federal), o ISEB (Instituto Superior de Estudos Brasileiros), a ACSP (Associação Comercial de São Paulo) e a Revista Digesto Econômico. Tal consenso também passava pela difusão dos ideários desenvolvimentista e liberal, aqui confrontados e identificados quanto aos seus pontos de convergência e divergência. / The theme of this thesis is The Superintendência da Moeda e do Crédito (SUMOC) [Credit and Currency Authority] an embryo of The Central Bank of Brazil, created in the fifties, and defined as a space for the construction of the hegemony of a segment of the ruling classes. We study here how the different sectors of the Brazilian bourgeoisie tried to build a consensus using their private hegemony instruments The FIDF (Federation of Industries of the Federal District), the ISEB (Superior Institute of Brazilian Studies), the ACSP (Commercial Association of São Paulo), and the Economic Digest Magazine. Such consensus also included the diffusion of the liberal and developmental ideals, here confronted and identified in relation to their points of convergence and divergence.