Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Entomology / David C. Margolies / Yoonseong Park / The predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari, Phytoseiidae) is one of the most frequently released natural enemies for biological control of spider mites in greenhouse and outdoors crops. In this research, I utilized Expresses Sequence Tags (ESTs), the most cost effective approach for transcriptome exploration, to study three different aspects of this arachnid species for which there is little genomic information. I combined two EST datasets from different whole body cDNA libraries and analyzed by bioinformatics means. Approximately 54% of 10,256 uniESTs were annotated based on the homology to sequences in the National Center for Biotechnological Information (NCBI) database. A list of these uniESTs, sorted from most to least likelihood based on the expected value from the blast search in public databases, was used to create tools for each of the three studies. First, I described sixty-one genes encoding products known to be important in pesticide metabolism and in endocrinology, including cytochrome P450s, glutathione-S-transferases, acetylcholinesterase homologs, neuropetides and neurohormones. Findings on arachnid specific esterases and neuropetides, and possible benefits to pest management programs, were discussed. Next, I inferred divergence time for Acari and the point of divergence of two lineages within anactinotrichid mites, Ixodes scapularis and Phytoseiulus persimilis. I used expresses sequence tags from the predatory mite P. persimilis to pull out 74 orthologous amino acid sequences of invertebrates species: nine insect species, Daphnia pulex, Ixodes scapularis, and Caenorhabditis elegans. I estimated a similar origin for Chelicerata (578.1 ± 38.2 - 482.2 ± 7.2 Mya) as in other recent studies. However, divergence dating using amino acid sequences suggested a Devonian origin of anactinotrichid mites (487.6 ± 32.2 - 410.1 ± 6.1 Mya) based on four reference dates (two fossil records and two molecular clocks) and four amino acid substitution methods; this estimate is much earlier that those in the current literature. This discrepancy of divergence times may be due to the use of a global clock. Finally, I developed molecular markers from the EST dataset to examine inheritance in the haplodiploid system in P. persimilis. Biparental contribution of chromosomes is required among the predatory mites but the paternal chromosome set seems to be eliminated or loss (Paternal genome loss, PGL) in male offspring. However, genetic studies in other two phytoseiid species were suggested diploid males with PGL only in the germ cells. In the present study, haploid adult males of P. persimilis have been observed using five independent EST-derived markers. Single mites derived from inter-population crosses were genotyped after whole genome amplification. The parahaploid genetic system in P. persimilis is supported by this study, in which both sexes arise from fertilized eggs but the paternal chromosome set is subsequently lost in males.

O primeiro episódio psicótico (PEP) é um período marcado por uma série de mudanças na dinâmica familiar. A família tem um papel importante no processo de tratamento desses pacientes. As atitudes dos membros familiares acerca do paciente são avaliadas por meio dos níveis de Emoção Expressa (EE) e de sobrecarga familiar. Apesar da importância do papel dos cuidadores, estudos conduzidos para avaliar as relações intrafamiliares de pacientes no PEP são escassos. Este estudo observacional teve como objetivo determinar os fatores relacionados aos níveis de EE e sobrecarga de familiares de pacientes no PEP. Participaram do estudo 100 familiares e 100 pacientes em acompanhamento em um ambulatório de um hospital universitário do interior do Estado de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2015 a janeiro de 2016. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados quatro instrumentos: um formulário contendo dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, o Family Questionnaire - Versão Português do Brasil (FQ-VPB) para avaliar os níveis de EE e de seus domínios Comentários Críticos (CC) e Superenvolvimento Emocional (SEE), o Inventário de Sobrecarga do Cuidador (ISC) para medir os níveis de sobrecarga dos familiares e a Medida de Adesão aos Tratamentos (MAT) para avaliar a adesão ao tratamento. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista dirigida. Para análise utilizou-se estatística descritiva e regressão logística múltipla. O nível de significância adotado foi de 0,05. Quanto aos resultados, a maioria dos familiares (62%) foi classificada com elevado nível de EE, 63% com baixo nível de CC, 59% com elevado nível de SEE e 43% apresentaram nível moderado de sobrecarga familiar. Em relação à adesão ao tratamento, 84% dos pacientes foram considerados aderentes. Houve associação significante entre os níveis de EE, SEE e o sexo e escolaridade dos familiares, entre o vínculo com o paciente e os níveis de EE, SEE e CC, entre os níveis de sobrecarga e o diagnóstico médico e entre a idade do paciente e os níveis de CC. Além disso, houve associação significante entre os níveis de EE, SEE e CC e os níveis de sobrecarga. A análise do modelo multivariado mostrou que os anos de estudo do familiar foram considerados fatores de proteção para o desenvolvimento de níveis elevados de EE e SEE, enquanto os anos de estudo do paciente foram considerados fatores de proteção para sobrecarga moderada. Outro fator de proteção identificado foi o tipo de vínculo com o paciente, ou seja, ser pai, avós, sobrinhos, primos, tios ou colegas, representa fator de proteção para nível elevado de EE, CC e sobrecarga moderada, moderada a severa e severa. Por outro lado, familiares do sexo feminino apresentaram 4,81 vezes mais chance de apresentar nível elevado de SEE do que familiares do sexo masculino. Além disso, familiares de pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia tem 4,19 vezes mais chance de apresentar nível elevado de CC do que familiares de pacientes sem diagnóstico. Espera-se que esses resultados possam fornecer informações para elaboração de estratégias de prevenção e promoção em saúde mental que envolvam os pacientes no PEP e seus familiares / The first-episode psychosis (FEP) is a period marked by a series of changes in family dynamics. Family plays an important role in the treatment of these patients. The attitudes of family members about the patient are evaluated by the levels of Expressed Emotion (EE) and family burden. Despite the importance of the role of caregivers, conducted studies to assess the intra-family relationships of patients in the FEP are scarce. This observational study aimed to determine the factors related to EE levels and relatives to FEP patients overwhelmed. The study included 100 families and 100 patients followed up in a clinic of a university hospital in the state of São Paulo, from January 2015 to January 2016. For data collection were used four instruments: a form containing sociodemographic and clinical data; the Family Questionnaire - Brazil\'s Portuguese version (FQ-BPV) to measure the EE levels and its domains of Criticism and emotional overinvolvement (EOI); the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) to measure the overload levels of family members and the Measurement of Treatment Adherence (MTA) to evaluate adherence to treatment. The data were obtained by guided interview. For analysis, it was used descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. The significance level was 0.05. As the results, most families (62%) were classified with high level of EE, 63% with low criticism, 59% with high level of EOI and 43% had moderate level of family burden. In relation to adherence to treatment, 84% of patients were considered adherent. There was a significant association between EE levels, EOI and the gender and education of family members, between the relationship with the patient and EE levels, EOI and criticism, between the burden levels and the medical diagnosis and between the age of the patient and criticism levels. In addition, there was a significant association between EE levels, EOI and criticism and burden levels. The analysis of the multivariate model showed that the years family study were considered protective factors for the development of high levels of EE and EOI, while the years of patient study were considered protective factors to moderate overwhelm. Another protection factor identified was the type of relationship with the patient. Having another relation with the patient, ie, being a father, grandparents, nephews, cousins, uncles or colleagues, is a protective factor for high level of EE, criticism and moderate overload, moderate to severe and severe. By contrast, female members of the family had 4.81 times more likely to have high level of EOI that those family members who were male. In addition, relatives of patients with schizophrenia has 4.19 times more likely to have high levels of criticism than relatives of patients who do not have diagnosis. It is expected that these results can provide information for developing prevention strategies and promotion on mental health involving patients in the FEP and their families

Apesar do intenso interesse na regulação metabólica e evolução das vias produtoras de ATP, o porquê de a maioria dos microorganismos multicelulares metabolizarem glicose através de respiração, ao invés da fermentação, ainda permanece sem resposta. Um desses microorganismos é o fungo celulolítico Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina. Usando análise EST e microarrays de cDNA, foi estabelecido, em T. reesei, que a expressão dos genes que codificam as enzimas do ciclo de TCA é programada de tal modo a favorecer a oxidação de piruvato pelo ciclo de TCA, ao invés de sua redução a etanol, através da fermentação. Além disso, os resultados indicam que acetaldeído pode ser convertido a acetato, e não a etanol, prevenindo a regeneração de NAD+, um produto chave requerido para o metabolismo anaeróbico. Os estudos também mostram que a maquinaria de controle regulatório por glicose, foi, provavelmente, objeto de pressão evolutiva, a qual dirigiu o fluxo metabólico à respiração, e não à fermentação. / Despite the intense interest in the metabolic regulation and evolution of the ATP-producing pathways, the long-standing question of why most multicellular microorganisms metabolize glucose by respiration rather than fermentation remains unanswered. One such microorganism is the cellulolytic fungus Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina). Using EST analysis and cDNA microarrays, we find that in T. reesei expression of the genes encoding the enzymes of the TCA is programmed in a way that favors the oxidation of pyruvate via the TCA cycle rather than its reduction to ethanol by fermentation. Moreover, the results indicate that acetaldehyde may be channeled into acetate rather than ethanol, thus preventing the regeneration of NAD+, a pivotal product required for anaerobic metabolism. The studies also point out that the regulatory machinery controlled by glucose was most probably the target of evolutionary pressure that directed the flow of metabolites into respiratory metabolism rather than fermentation.

A diferenciação morfofisiológica entre rainhas e operárias de Apis mellifera decorre da alimentação recebida durante o desenvolvimento larval, que estimula o aumento da produção de Hormônio Juvenil naslarvas que originarão rainhas. Dentre as diversas diferenças morfológicas entre operárias e rainhas encontramse estruturas especializadas para a coleta de pólen e própolis, localizadas na região da tíbia e do basitarso das pernas posteriores de operárias. A diferenciação das pernas tem início entre o quarto e o quinto estágio do desenvolvimento larval. Utilizandose Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura o presente trabalho relata a presença das cerdas formando as estruturas castaespecíficas na fase de pupa de olho marrom. A partir de estudos de hibridação de microarrays de cDNA com amostras de RNA de A. mellifera de diversas fases do desenvolvimento larval, foram encontrados 91 genes com ortólogos conhecidos em Drosophila, diferencialmente expressos entre rainhas e operárias no período crítico da diferenciação de castas. Destes, cinco estão relacionados com o desenvolvimento de apêndices: ataxin2 (atx2), cryptocephal (crc), dachshund (dac), grunge (gug) e Retinoic and fat acid Binding Protein (RfaBP). O perfil destes genes, e ainda, ultrabithorax (ubx), distalless(dll) e abdominalA (abdA) (estes porsuassuasfunções durante a diferenciação das pernas de insetos) foram analisados por RTPCR em Tempo Real em pernas posteriores de operárias e rainhas desde o quarto estágio larval até o estágio de pupa de olho branco. Apenas ubx e abdA foram encontrados mais expressos em operárias ao final do desenvolvimento larval e início do desenvolvimento pupal. Estudossimilares dos genes abdA, dac, dll e ubx nossegmentos das pernas de pupas de olho branco indicam a tíbia como domínio de expressão de dac. Imunolocalizações utilizando um anticorpo contra um epitopo conservado entre Ubx e AbdA, FP6.87, em pernas posteriores de prépupas de operárias e rainhasrevelam a presença destas proteínas na tíbia apenas de operárias e diferencialmente localizadas no basitarso de operárias e rainhas. Os dados acima apresentados apontam Ubx, um gene Hox, como pontochave na regulação da formação das estruturas castaespecíficas. / Diphenism in the honey bee, Apis mellifera,resultsfromdifferential feeding of female larvae. Among the morphological differences, the hind legs of workers have structures that is used for carrying pollen and propolis, e.g. the corbicula, while the queens hind legslack thisstructures. The corbicula is an expanded region of the tibia deprived of bristles, which has a single bristle in the middle that seems to have a sensorial function. Using scanning electronic microscopy, we found that the leg structures and bristles of the corbicula are already formed in browneyed pupa. Microarray analysis has demonstrated that five of 240 differentiallyexpressed genesin developing castes are potentially related to the caste differences in leg development (ataxin2, cryptocephal, dachshund, grunge and Retinoic and fat acid Binding Protein). Using qPCR, we analyzed the expression of abdominalA, ataxin2, cryptocephal, grunge, Retinoic and fat acid Binding Protein and ultrabithorax genes during hind leg development. cryptocephal, ataxin2, grunge and Retinoic and fat acid Binding Protein genes, which are involved in imaginal disc elongation and bristle formation and are inhibited by juvenile hormone, were not found to be differentially expressed. However, ultrabithorax and abdominalA are over expressed in workersin the early pupalstage. By using immunohistochemistry, Ubx was localized in the tibia and basitarsus of prepupae of workers and in the basitarsus of pre pupae of queens. The pattern of Ubx expression suggests that this Hox gene is a key player in leg structuresformation and caste differentiation in A.mellifera.

Yu Chi Hung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-139). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgement --- p.i / Table of Contents --- p.ii / Abbreviations --- p.iv / Abstract --- p.v / 論文摘要 --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- General introduction / Chapter 1.2 --- HBV and its potential oncogenic properties / Chapter 1.3 --- Aim of the present study / Chapter 1.4 --- Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis: an approach to reveal gene expression pattern in a specific tissue / Chapter 1.5 --- cDNA subtraction / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1 --- Plating out the adult human normal liver cDNA library / Chapter 2.2 --- PCR amplification of cloned human normal liver cDNA inserts / Chapter 2.3 --- Cycle sequencing of cloned human normal liver cDNA inserts / Chapter 2.4 --- mRNA preparation from the HCC tissue and its surrounding normal counterpart / Chapter 2.5 --- PCR-Select cDNA subtraction / Chapter 2.6 --- Construction of HCC subtracted cDNA library by T/A cloning method / Chapter 2.7 --- PCR amplification of cloned subtracted cDNA / Chapter 2.8 --- Cycle sequencing of cloned subtracted cDNA / Chapter 2.9 --- Sequence analysis / Chapter 2.10 --- Differential hybridization of HCC subtracted clones / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1 --- The sequencing results of adult human normal liver cDNA clones / Chapter 3.2 --- Categorization of ESTs sequenced from the adult normal liver / Chapter 3.3 --- Adaptor ligation efficiency analysis / Chapter 3.4 --- Primary and secondary PCR Amplification / Chapter 3.5 --- PCR analysis of subtraction efficiency / Chapter 3.6 --- The sequencing results of subtracted HCC cDNA clones / Chapter 3.7 --- Categorization of ESTs sequenced from the subtracted HCC cDNA library / Chapter 3.8 --- Differential hybridization of subtracted cDNA clones / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussions --- p.90 / Chapter 4.1 --- Characterization of the ESTs generated from human normal liver cDNA library / Chapter 4.2 --- EST analysis on subtracted HCC cDNA clones / Chapter 4.3 --- Candidate genes differentially expressed in HCC / Appendix A The coordinates of dot blots (in numerical order according to clone numbers) / Appendix B The coordinates of dot blots (in alphabetical order according to putative identity) / References --- p.124

Au Chi Chuen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-169). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgement --- p.i / Table of Contents --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.v / 論文摘要 --- p.vii / Abbreviations --- p.viii / List of Figures --- p.ix / List of Tables --- p.x / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- General introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Hepatitis B virus and Hepatocellular carcinoma --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Pathogenesis of HBV related HCC --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Current screening test and tumor markers --- p.10 / Chapter 1.5 --- Expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing --- p.13 / Chapter 1.6 --- Aim of the present study --- p.15 / Chapter 1.7 --- Characterization of KIAA0022 --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 2.1 --- Construction of liver HCC and normal counterpart libraries --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2 --- Plating out the human liver cDNA libraries --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3 --- PCR amplification of clones human liver cancer and the normal counterpart cDNA libraries --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4 --- Cycle sequencing of cloned human liver cancer and the normal counterpart cDNA libraries --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Dye-primer cycle sequencing (Pharmacia) --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4.1.1 --- Using Pharmacia LBKA.L.F. DNA sequencer --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4.1.2 --- Using Li-Cor 4200 Automated DNA sequencer --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Dye-terminator cycle sequencing (Pharmacia) --- p.22 / Chapter 2.5 --- Sequences analysis --- p.23 / Chapter 2.6 --- Cloning of full-length cDNA of KIAA0022 --- p.24 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Amplification of KIAA0022 gene using PCR --- p.24 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Purification of the PCR product --- p.25 / Chapter 2.6.3 --- Ligation --- p.25 / Chapter 2.6.4 --- One Shot® TOP 10 Chemical Transformation --- p.25 / Chapter 2.6.5 --- Small-scale preparation of the plasmid DNA --- p.26 / Chapter 2.6.6 --- Large-scale preparation of the plasmid DNA Table of Contents (continued) --- p.26 / Chapter 2.6.7 --- DNA sequencing of the full-length cDNA of KIAA0022 --- p.28 / Chapter 2.7 --- Northern Hybridization --- p.29 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- The Human multiple tissue Northern Blot --- p.29 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Synthesis of the radiolabeled DNA probe --- p.29 / Chapter 2.7.3 --- Hybridization of the Northern blot --- p.30 / Chapter 2.8 --- Subcellular localization of KIAA0022 by tagging with green fluorescence protein (GFP) --- p.30 / Chapter 2.8.1 --- Amplification and purification of the KIAA0022 gene product --- p.30 / Chapter 2.8.2 --- Restriction enzymes digestion --- p.31 / Chapter 2.8.3 --- DNA ligation --- p.31 / Chapter 2.8.4 --- Preparation of the Escherichia coli competent cells for transformation --- p.31 / Chapter 2.8.5 --- Transformation of the plasmid DNA into competent Escherichia coli cells --- p.32 / Chapter 2.8.6 --- Small-scale preparation of the plasmid DNA --- p.32 / Chapter 2.8.7 --- Large-scale preparation of the plasmid DNA --- p.32 / Chapter 2.8.8 --- DNA sequencing of the cloned plasmid DNA --- p.33 / Chapter 2.8.9 --- Transfection --- p.33 / Chapter 2.8.10 --- Fluorescence microscopy examination --- p.33 / Chapter 2.9 --- Yeast two-hybrid screening assay --- p.34 / Chapter 2.9.1 --- "Cloning of the KIAA0022 gene into the yeast two-hybrid DNA-BD vector, pGBKT7" --- p.34 / Chapter 2.9.2 --- Small-scale transformation of pGBKT7-KIAA0022 plasmid --- p.34 / Chapter 2.9.2.1 --- Preparation of yeast competent cells --- p.34 / Chapter 2.9.2.2 --- Transformation of the pGBKT7-KIAA 0022 plasmid into the yeast strain PJ69-2A --- p.35 / Chapter 2.9.3 --- Screening a pretransformed library by yeast mating --- p.35 / Chapter 2.9.4 --- β -Galactosidase analysis - colony lift filter assay --- p.36 / Chapter 2.9.5 --- Analysis of yeast plasmid inserts using PCR and DNA sequencing --- p.37 / Chapter 2.9.5.1 --- PCR --- p.37 / Chapter 2.9.5.2 --- DNA sequencing --- p.37 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results / Chapter 3.1 --- Results of ESTs sequencing in normal counterpart and HCC libraries --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- The sequencing results of the normal counterpart cDNA clones --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Sequencing results of the human liver cancer cDNA clones --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- The accuracy of the automated sequencing technique --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Catalogue of normal counterpart ESTs --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Catalogue of liver cancer ESTs --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2 --- Identification of genes differentially expressed in HCC using in silico method --- p.115 / Chapter 3.3 --- Sequence analysis of KIAA0022 --- p.121 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Structural analysis of KIAA0022 --- p.121 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Homology alignment --- p.122 / Chapter 3.4 --- Tissue distribution and expression profile of KIAA0022 using Northern blot analysis --- p.132 / Chapter 3.5 --- Subcellular localization of the KIAA0022 tagging by green fluorescence protein --- p.134 / Chapter 3.6 --- Yeast two-hybrid screening assay --- p.136 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussion / Chapter 4.1 --- Large-scale partial cDNA sequencing --- p.138 / Chapter 4.2 --- Characterization of ESTs --- p.139 / Chapter 4.3 --- Identification of genes differentially expressed in liver cancer using Poisson probability --- p.143 / Chapter 4.4 --- Characterization of KIAA0022 --- p.154 / Reference --- p.157 / Appendix --- p.170

Stephen Siu-chung Chim. / "June 2000." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-166). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Masayo Kotaka. / "May 1999." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 179-190). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Or Man Wai. / "January 2002." / "glued" in title is superscript. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

O primeiro episódio psicótico (PEP) é um período marcado por uma série de mudanças na dinâmica familiar. A família tem um papel importante no processo de tratamento desses pacientes. As atitudes dos membros familiares acerca do paciente são avaliadas por meio dos níveis de Emoção Expressa (EE) e de sobrecarga familiar. Apesar da importância do papel dos cuidadores, estudos conduzidos para avaliar as relações intrafamiliares de pacientes no PEP são escassos. Este estudo observacional teve como objetivo determinar os fatores relacionados aos níveis de EE e sobrecarga de familiares de pacientes no PEP. Participaram do estudo 100 familiares e 100 pacientes em acompanhamento em um ambulatório de um hospital universitário do interior do Estado de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2015 a janeiro de 2016. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados quatro instrumentos: um formulário contendo dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, o Family Questionnaire - Versão Português do Brasil (FQ-VPB) para avaliar os níveis de EE e de seus domínios Comentários Críticos (CC) e Superenvolvimento Emocional (SEE), o Inventário de Sobrecarga do Cuidador (ISC) para medir os níveis de sobrecarga dos familiares e a Medida de Adesão aos Tratamentos (MAT) para avaliar a adesão ao tratamento. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista dirigida. Para análise utilizou-se estatística descritiva e regressão logística múltipla. O nível de significância adotado foi de 0,05. Quanto aos resultados, a maioria dos familiares (62%) foi classificada com elevado nível de EE, 63% com baixo nível de CC, 59% com elevado nível de SEE e 43% apresentaram nível moderado de sobrecarga familiar. Em relação à adesão ao tratamento, 84% dos pacientes foram considerados aderentes. Houve associação significante entre os níveis de EE, SEE e o sexo e escolaridade dos familiares, entre o vínculo com o paciente e os níveis de EE, SEE e CC, entre os níveis de sobrecarga e o diagnóstico médico e entre a idade do paciente e os níveis de CC. Além disso, houve associação significante entre os níveis de EE, SEE e CC e os níveis de sobrecarga. A análise do modelo multivariado mostrou que os anos de estudo do familiar foram considerados fatores de proteção para o desenvolvimento de níveis elevados de EE e SEE, enquanto os anos de estudo do paciente foram considerados fatores de proteção para sobrecarga moderada. Outro fator de proteção identificado foi o tipo de vínculo com o paciente, ou seja, ser pai, avós, sobrinhos, primos, tios ou colegas, representa fator de proteção para nível elevado de EE, CC e sobrecarga moderada, moderada a severa e severa. Por outro lado, familiares do sexo feminino apresentaram 4,81 vezes mais chance de apresentar nível elevado de SEE do que familiares do sexo masculino. Além disso, familiares de pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia tem 4,19 vezes mais chance de apresentar nível elevado de CC do que familiares de pacientes sem diagnóstico. Espera-se que esses resultados possam fornecer informações para elaboração de estratégias de prevenção e promoção em saúde mental que envolvam os pacientes no PEP e seus familiares / The first-episode psychosis (FEP) is a period marked by a series of changes in family dynamics. Family plays an important role in the treatment of these patients. The attitudes of family members about the patient are evaluated by the levels of Expressed Emotion (EE) and family burden. Despite the importance of the role of caregivers, conducted studies to assess the intra-family relationships of patients in the FEP are scarce. This observational study aimed to determine the factors related to EE levels and relatives to FEP patients overwhelmed. The study included 100 families and 100 patients followed up in a clinic of a university hospital in the state of São Paulo, from January 2015 to January 2016. For data collection were used four instruments: a form containing sociodemographic and clinical data; the Family Questionnaire - Brazil\'s Portuguese version (FQ-BPV) to measure the EE levels and its domains of Criticism and emotional overinvolvement (EOI); the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) to measure the overload levels of family members and the Measurement of Treatment Adherence (MTA) to evaluate adherence to treatment. The data were obtained by guided interview. For analysis, it was used descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. The significance level was 0.05. As the results, most families (62%) were classified with high level of EE, 63% with low criticism, 59% with high level of EOI and 43% had moderate level of family burden. In relation to adherence to treatment, 84% of patients were considered adherent. There was a significant association between EE levels, EOI and the gender and education of family members, between the relationship with the patient and EE levels, EOI and criticism, between the burden levels and the medical diagnosis and between the age of the patient and criticism levels. In addition, there was a significant association between EE levels, EOI and criticism and burden levels. The analysis of the multivariate model showed that the years family study were considered protective factors for the development of high levels of EE and EOI, while the years of patient study were considered protective factors to moderate overwhelm. Another protection factor identified was the type of relationship with the patient. Having another relation with the patient, ie, being a father, grandparents, nephews, cousins, uncles or colleagues, is a protective factor for high level of EE, criticism and moderate overload, moderate to severe and severe. By contrast, female members of the family had 4.81 times more likely to have high level of EOI that those family members who were male. In addition, relatives of patients with schizophrenia has 4.19 times more likely to have high levels of criticism than relatives of patients who do not have diagnosis. It is expected that these results can provide information for developing prevention strategies and promotion on mental health involving patients in the FEP and their families