Este trabalho é essencialmente sobre pontos racionais em curvas algébricas sobre corpos finitos ou, equivalentemente, lugares racionais em corpos de funções algébricas em uma variável sobre corpos finitos. O objetivo é a demonstração da existência de constantes aq e bq ∈ R> 0 tais que se g ≥ aq. N + bq, então existe uma curva sobre Fq de gênero g com N pontos racionais. / This work is essentially about rational points on algebraic curves over finite fields or, equivalently, rational places on algebraic function fields of one variable over finite fields. The aim is the proof of the existence of constants aq and bq ∈ R> 0 such that if g ≥ aq ∈ aq . N+bq then there exists a curve over Fq of genus g with N rational points.

Consideremos A e B duas álgebras de Artin tais que é uma extensão cindida de A pelo ideal Q, onde é um ideal nilpotente de B. Estudamos algumas propriedades homológicas das categorias modA e modB, tais como dimensão projetiva e injetiva. A partir disso mostramos que se B pertence a uma das seguintes classes: hereditária, laura, fracamente shod, shod, quase inclinada, colada à esquerda, colada à direita ou disfarçada; então A pertence a mesma classe. Além disso, restringindo nosso estudo para álgebras de dimensão finita sobre um corpo algebricamente fechado, comparamos as respectivas aljavas ordinárias, bem como suas apresentações. Finalmente, após caracterizarmos o ideal Q, exibimos alguns exemplos de extensões no contexto de álgebras de caminhos com relações, que mostram que A pode ser de uma das classes citadas sem que B o seja / Let A and B be two Artin algebras such that B is a split-by-nilpotent extension of A by Q, were Q is a nilpotent ideal of B. We study some homological properties of the categories mod A and mod B such that the projetive and the injetive dimensions of their objects. Using this we show that if B belongs to one of this classes: hereditary, laura, weakly shod, shod, quasi-tilted, left glued, right glued or concealed; then A belongs to same class. Moreover restricting our study to finite dimensional algebras over algebraically closed fields, we compare the ordinary quivers and presentations of the corresponding algebras. Finally, after giving a characterization of ideal Q as above, we exhibit some exemples of split extensions in the context of path algebras bounded by relations, which shows that A can be one of the above cited algebras without B so

Este trabalho aborda diversos aspectos da extensão de marcas. A construção de marcas fortes tem sido uma alternativa para criar diferenciação e vantagem competitiva. O sucesso em um determinado mercado costuma ser decorrente de fatores que vão além do próprio produto; a percepção do consumidor sobre uma marca é formada por um complexo conjunto de associações onde coexistem aspectos racionais, funcionais e objetivos, bem como elementos emocionais, subjetivos e abstratos. A marca representa um código, um resumo de todas estas associações e percepções, e o posicionamento psicológico da marca influencia a decisão de compra dentro de uma categoria. Muitas empresas adotam as extensões de marca como uma estratégia de crescimento, o que resulta em uma proliferação de marcas estendidas para categorias adicionais de produto, categorias muitas vezes sem similaridade com a categoria original da marca. O objetivo principal e razão de ser da extensão é a transferência de valores da marca original para o novo produto, encurtando os caminhos que ele deve percorrer para sua consolidação e aumentando suas chances de sucesso. Entretanto, há diversos casos de extensão onde a marca não passa de um nome que caracteriza a origem do novo produto ou, pior ainda, sua aplicação naquela categoria resulta na erosão de seu significado. Sendo assim, este trabalho busca trazer referências que indiquem se faz sentido estender uma marca para outras categorias. A metodologia adotada consiste em duas etapas: uma de revisão bibliográfica, que aborda os principais aspectos da extensão de marca-suas motivantes, vantagens e riscos, resultados de pesquisas anteriores, o processo de avaliação pelos consumidores, a reciprocidade da marca estendida na marca original; e uma etapa de verificação de uma realidade específica usando a visão de uma empresa-alvo de estudo de caso. Os resultados apontam para uma relação entre o posicionamento psicológico da marca e sua extensão para categorias próximas e distantes daquela onde a marca se originou, indicando a possibilidade de que quanto mais filosófico o posicionamento da marca, isto é, menos vinculado ao produto em si e seus aspectos funcionais, maior sua capacidade em ser aplicada em categorias de produto diferentes da categoria original. À medida que a dissimilaridade entre o produto original e o estendido aumenta, é cada vez menos freqüente e intensa a transferência de valores de marca. Os valores transferidos para categorias mais dissimilares, ou seja, os valores de maior alcance de extensão, têm natureza predominantemente subjetiva ao invés de racional ou vinculada a atributos de produto. Os resultados também sugerem que os atributos e benefícios considerados relevantes dentro de cada categoria funcionam como um filtro para a transferência de associações, ressaltando a influência do contexto da categoria da extensão no processo. / This study analyzes many aspects of brand extension. Building strong brands is seen as an opportunity to create differentiation and competitive advantage. Success in certain markets is a result of factors beyond the product itself; brand consumer perception is formed by a complex set of associations of rational, functional and objective aspects as well as emotional, subjective and abstract elements. A brand represents a code, a summary of all these associations and perceptions. The psychological positioning of a brand influences the purchase decision inside a category. Many companies implement brand extensions as a growth strategy. This results in a huge list of extended brands to additional product categories, many times without any similarity to the original brand category. The main reason and objective of an extension is transferring brand equity from the original product to the new one, reducing the path towards product consolidation and improving its chances for success. Nevertheless, there are many cases when brand extension is nothing more than just a name that reminds the product\'s origin or, even worse, its application in a certain category will result in loosing brand value and meaning. Based on this assumption, this study aims at bringing new references that indicate if it makes sense to extend a brand to other categories. The adopted methodology consists of two phases: one is a reviewed bibliography about the main aspects of extension - its motivations, advantages and risks, earlier researches results, consumer evaluation process and reciprocal effect of the extended brand over the original one; and second, the verification of an specific case study with a target company. Results point out a relation between brand\'s psychological positioning and its extension to closer and farther categories in relation to the original brand. It indicates that the more philosophical the brand positioning, meaning little association to the product itself and its functional aspects, the bigger its capacity of being applied to product categories different than the original one. As soon as dissimilarities grow in between the original product and the extended one, the least frequent and intense is the brand equity transfer. Values transferred to less similar categories, or, values of bigger extension capacity have a subjective nature instead of rational one linked to product attributes. Results also suggest that relevant attributes and benefits in each category works as an associations transferring filter, reinforcing the category content influence over the extension process.

Diplomová práce se zabývá problémem přístupu koncového uživatele k odpovědím ověřeným pomocí protokolu DNSSEC. Práce posuzuje možnosti nasazení a nastavování resolveru za účelem zlepšení bezpečnosti pro koncové uživatele. V práci je navrhnuto řešení problému pro operační systém Fedora Workstation. Navrhnuté řešení je realizováno a porovnáno s již existujícím řesením.

Topic of this thesis is to create a practicable business plan for foundation e-shop with hair. Specifically, the hair used for extensions. Company will be founded as limited liability company. The theoretical part deals with setting up company and creating business plan.

Following the classical theory of Baire category results for sets of measure-preserving transformations, this work develops a theory for Baire category results for sets of measure-preserving extensions. First the case is considered where a measure space and a sub-algebra are fixed, and extensions are considered to be any measure-preserving transformations which leave this sub-algebra invariant. In the latter case, extensions of a fixed measure-preserving transformation are considered. In both cases, it is shown that the set of weakly mixing extensions form a dense, G-delta set

Quasidiagonality is a matricial approximation property which asymptotically captures the multiplicative structure of C* -algebras. Quasidiagonal C* -algebras must be stably finite. It has been conjectured by Blackadar and Kirchberg that stably finiteness implies quasidiagonality for the class of separable nuclear C* -algebras. It has also been conjectured that separable exact quasidiagonal C* -algebras are AF embeddable. In this thesis, we study the behavior of these conjectures in the context of extensions 0 → I → E → B → 0. Specifically, we show that if I is exact and connective and B is separable, nuclear, and quasidiagonal (AF embeddable), then E is quasidiagonal (AF embeddable). Additionally, we show that if I is of the form C(X) ⊗ K for a compact metrizable space X and B is separable, nuclear, quasidiagonal (AF embeddable), and satisfies the UCT, then E is quasidiagonal (AF embeddable) if and only if E is stably finite.

Permission systems are a common security feature in browser extensions and mobile applications to limit their access to resources outside their own process. IDEs such as Visual Studio Code, however, have no such features implemented, and therefore leave extensions with full user permissions. This thesis explores how VS Code extensions access external resources and presents a proof-of-concept tool that emulates a permission system for extensions. This is done through static analysis of extension source code using abstract syntax trees, scanning for usage of Extension API methods and Node.js dependencies. The tool is evaluated and used on 56 popular VS Code extensions to evaluate what resources are most prevalently accessed and how. The study concludes that most extensions use minimal APIs, but often rely on Node.js libraries rather than the API for external functionality. This leads to the conclusion the inclusion of Node.js dependencies and npm packages is the largest hurdle to implementing a permission system for VS Code.

Members of the family Platytroctidae (tubeshoulders) are found throughout the meso- and bathypelagic waters of the World Ocean. Due to the lack of specimens collected globally, this taxon has received little attention, despite recent evidence suggesting its predominance in the bathypelagic biome. Prior to this study, only four species had been reported in the Gulf of Mexico’s (GoM) highly diverse deep-pelagic ecosystem. An extensive meso- and bathypelagic trawl series in the GoM allowed a detailed examination of this family, which included analyses of species composition, abundance, vertical distribution, sex ratios, and trophic ecology. A total of 16 species were collected, which included 12 new records for the GoM. The five most-abundant species collected were Mentodus facilis, Platytroctes apus, Barbantus curvifrons, Mentodus mesalirus, and Maulisia microlepis. All platytroctids were collected from tows that extended below 700 m. Mentodus facilis was the only species that significantly differed from the expected 1:1 sex ratio (pMentodus mesalirus and Maulisia microlepis heavily consumed gelatinous zooplankton. Mentodus facilis and Barbantus curvifrons had a more varied diet consuming chaetognaths, copepods, and ostracods, with M. facilis exhibiting a slightly greater reliance on ostracods and gelatinous prey. This study represents the first investigation into the diet of this fish family and adds to the sparse community data of the bathypelagic zone by identifying alternative nutrient pathways (e.g., the fish-jelly link) that connect the deep and upper oceanic ecosystems.

Static analysis is a technique to automatically audit code without having to execute or manually read through it. It is highly effective and can scan large amounts of code or text very quickly. This thesis uses static analysis to find potential threats within a software's extension modules. These extensions are developed by third parties and should not be allowed to access information belonging to other extensions. However, due to the structure of the software there is no easy way to restrict this and still keep the software's functionality intact. The use of a static analysis tool could detect such threats by analyzing the code of an extension before it is published online, and therefore keep all current functionality intact. As the software is based on a lesser known language and there is a specific threat by way of information disclosure, a new static analysis tool has to be developed. To achieve this, a combination of language specific functionality and features available in C++ are combined to create an extendable tool which has the capability to detect cross-extension data access.