No description available.

Background : Frequency Doubling Perimetry ( FDP ) is a recently developed form of perimetry, which may be more sensitive for detecting visual field loss from glaucoma than conventional Achromatic Automated Perimetry ( AAP ). This thesis was undertaken to study aspects of FDP for the detection of early glaucoma. Method : FDP was compared with other forms of perimetry at one point in time using one dataset ( n = 83 ) and longitudinally over a four - year period with another dataset ( n = 62 ). Several aspects were studied : ( 1 ) the ability of FDP to detect visual field loss earlier than AAP, ( 2 ) its ability to detect early functional abnormality in the presence of mild glaucomatous structural abnormality ( 3 ) visual field topography compared with other perimetry and ( 4 ) its ability to predict future field loss when only the nasal quadrants were considered. Results : When subjects at risk of glaucoma with initial visual field loss on FDP were followed over a three - year period, a significant proportion developed field loss with AAP, whilst those without initial FDP loss did not. FDP detected cases of early glaucomatous optic disc damage, which had not been detected using AAP ; however, there was still a proportion of those with abnormal optic discs which remained normal on FDP. FDP field topography was hill - shaped with the most sensitive point centrally ; however, it was considerably flatter and more sensitive than AAP. Finally, if FDP field loss was only considered significant when it occurred within the nasal step location of the visual field, then this may improve the accuracy of glaucoma diagnosis. Conclusion : This thesis has demonstrated that FDP is not only more sensitive than AAP in the detection of glaucomatous optic disc damage, but it is able to predict future field loss on AAP. FDP may therefore be useful in the early detection and management of glaucoma. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Medicine, 2006.

published_or_final_version / Medical Sciences / Master / Master of Medical Sciences

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(社会健康医学) / 甲第21266号 / 社医博第89号 / 新制||社医||10(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻 / (主査)教授 辻川 明孝, 教授 中山 健夫, 教授 小杉 眞司 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Public Health / Kyoto University / DFAM

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Medical Sciences / Master / Master of Medical Sciences

The object of my thesis is the analysis and design of equipment for eye examination regarding the aesthetic, environmental and technical requirements. The aim of the design is to create eye examination equipment which manipulation will be comfortable in ergonomic way and the shape will be enriched by other functional elements.

Previous research has reported that inequalities exist in uptake of NHS sight tests in relation to socio-economic status, and that community optometric services have potential to improve system efficiency. The current research found inequalities in sight test outcome related to socio-economic status and the type of practice that a patient visits (multiple, or independent). Patients attending multiples were more likely to receive a ‘new or changed prescription’ relative to ‘no prescription’ compared to patients that attended independent opticians (36-71% more likely). Those living in the least deprived areas were also less likely to receive a new prescription (1-12%) and those aged <16 years were less likely to be referred (9%). The study examining the need for a Minor Eye Condition Service in Leeds and Bradford found it would produce theoretical cost savings, whilst maintaining high patient satisfaction. Subsequently, a MECS was commissioned in Bradford. The study attempting to collect data from MECS across all areas of England found that data is not routinely collected, or shared. The limited data available typically showed that 73-83% of patients were retained in optometric practice with 12-18% receiving a hospital referral. A prospective evaluation of a COVID urgent eye care service found that teleconsultations frequently did not resolve patients’ eye problems (27%). These telephone consultations failed to detect some serious conditions such as scleritis, wet macular degeneration, retinal detachment. The results from the thesis support the view that the current method of delivering eye care in England is contrary to the public health interest.

Current state: Congenital cataract is an ophthalmic disorder where the clouding of the lens causes defect in its transparency and light dispersion. The child experiences a visual impairment that can be examinated depending on the age and mental state of the child. The treatment is removal of the clouded lens, subsequent correction of dioptric defects and subsequent training and monitoring of amblyopia. Purpose: of this study was to describe the roles of paediatric nurse in nursing care of children with congenital cataract and the specifics in nursing care in this condition, based on reviewed material. The following research problems were explored: What are the roles of paediatric nurse in nursing care of children with congenital cataract? What are the specifics in nursing care of children with congenital cataract? Methods: In order to reach the goal set by this study we used qualitative data and study analysis. This study implements data sources from National Medical Library in Prague, the Academic Library of University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, the library of 2. LF UK and FN Motol in Prague and the library of National center of nursing and non-medical health providers in Brno. Moreover the study reviewed the material from bibliographic databases (Cochrane Library, Ebscohost, Medscape, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus) and online databases of medical associations of ophthalmology (The American Academy of Ophthalmology, The Royal College of Ophthalmologists). Results: The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive view on nursing care of children with congenital cataract. Conclusion: Even though the role of paediatric nurse in nursing care of children with congenital cataract is rather neglected in current literature, it is crucial in all forms of healthcare. In conclusion we define the role of paediatric nurse in nursing care of children with congenital cataract and description of the specifics of this care.