Norrköpings kommun har idag svårigheter att med sitt nuvarande avfallssystem, miljöbil och återvinningsstation, nå ut till de boende i flerbostadshusen. För att öka insamlingsgraden av farligt avfall har studien lagt fokus på möjligheten för Norrköpings kommun att implementera en fastighetsnära insamling. För att få fram olika centrala aktörers inställning till en fastighetsnära modell har intervjuer utförts på entreprenör, tjänsteman på Norrköpings kommun och tjänsteman på Hyresbostäder i Norrköping. Undersökningen visar att åsikterna mellan aktörerna går vitt isär men att med kommunens goda informationssamarbete finns förutsättningar till att modellen kan implementeras.

Syftet med förelagda undersökning var att karlägga de krav som ställs vid återvinning av han-delsfartyg i de nya regelverk som antagits av IMO och EU med målet att åstadkomma en miljövänlig fartygsåtervinningsindustri. Fokus har legat på de krav som de aktuella regel-verken ställer på fartygsägare och fartygsåtervinningsanläggningar, främst beträffande hantering och bortskaffning av de miljöfarliga material som finns ombord på fartyg. Med dessa krav som utgångspunkt har det redogjorts för hur ett återvinningsförfarande organiseras för att uppfylla de miljökrav som regelverken ställer. Resultatet av undersökningen pekar på att det med dagens teknik och kunskap i allra högsta grad är möjligt att åstadkomma miljövänlig återvinning av handelsfartyg. De problem och utmaningar som resultatet pekar på ligger på ett annat plan än det rent praktiska, bland annat lyfts den långsamma process som implementering av regelverk är fram som en utmaning för fartygsåtervinningsindustrin. Slutdiskussionen handlar till största delen om implementering av lagstiftningen, men också om hanteringen av fartyget och de material som finns ombord, samt om definitionsfrågor rörande ägendeskap. Vidare diskuteras rollen för andra aktörer inom sjöfartsnäringen och de åtgärder som dessa skulle kunna vidta för att åstadkomma en miljövänlig fartygsåtervinning innan de aktuella regelverken träder i kraft och blir bindande. Avslutningsvis ges förslag på fortsatt forskning som handlar om den problematik som diskuterats, men också om de aspekter som inte rymdes inom ramen för denna undersökning. / The purpose of this thesis was to outline the legal requirements set by the IMO and EU in order to establish an environmentally sound ship recycling industry. The emphasis has mainly been on the two large parties involved in the industry; the ship owner and the ship recycling facility. The requirements for these two parties are mainly focused on the handling and disposal of hazardous materials found onboard end-of-life ships. With an analysis of these requirements as a starting point, a ship recycling scenario has been analyzed and discussed. The result shows that, with today’s technology and knowledge it is possible to establish an environmentally sound ship recycling industry. Though, there are some obstacles along the way, which are of a more administrative nature. Amongst these, the first and most important one is the implementation of the regulations in order to set a worldwide standard for environmentally sound ship recycling. The conclusion of this thesis is divided into two parts: one part where the results of the findings is summarized and one part where the different requirements are discussed. The main focus in the discussion is the future for an environmentally sound ship recycling industry and what needs to be done during the existing gap before the legal requirements enter into force. Finally some examples for future research are given. These are mainly questions that were raised during the discussion, but also some of the aspects that were excluded from this thesis.

Purpose:Every year, the construction industry generates the largest amount of hazardous wastethat occurs in Sweden. Hazardous waste is waste that can be hazardous to theenvironment and human health. According to statistics from the report Avfall i Sverige2018 – uppkomst och behandling compiled by MiljöEmissonData (Naturvårdsverket,2020b), the arisen amount of hazardous waste has remained stable for a long period. Tocounteract this, a new environmental law came into force the 1st of November, whichmade it mandatory to report all hazardous waste management. The aim of the study isto survey how construction services are affected by the new law change. The study hasbeen carried out in collaboration with Peab Byggservice AB and therefore it onlyreflects their impact of the new legislation. Can they maintain their efficiency inproduction and their economy after the amendment? Method:The study is a qualitative case study. The case is about how different constructionprojects are affected in the management of hazardous waste. The chosen methods torespond the target are observations, interviews and document collection. Interviewswere conducted with staff in different positions at Peab Byggservice AB. Observationswere carried out at Peab Byggservice AB's workplaces in connection with theinterviews. Documents were collected from four different projects. Findings:Based on the case study carried out in the survey, the results show that PeabByggservice AB's economy between customers and recycling companies has beenaffected by the new environmental legislation. Based on the case study, the results alsoshow that the efficiency of production at Peab Byggservice AB has been affected in thewake of the new environmental legislation. The results show that the impact of thebusiness is most likely to arise from the company's smaller projects. Implications:The study shows that many factors play a part in the reporting and management ofwaste. In small projects, a large part of the waste is handled with its own staff and therecycling companies are used for handling and reporting the hazardous waste. For largerprojects, waste is sorted into containers by its own staff and recycling companies handlethe vessels and report hazardous waste. In order to promote efficiency and the economyof all projects, the contractor should plan and work closely with the recyclingcompanies. Furthermore, the efficiency and economy of construction services canbenfit from a smarter solution that include tranport and sort small amounts of waste. Limitations:The study is limited to one construction service business, and it surveys how they areaffected by changes in the environmental legislation. The fact that the study is solelybased on one business makes the results only partly generalisable.