Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:36:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1909.pdf: 1337612 bytes, checksum: 3a2d0285c4f3f452d59504b801e78416 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-21 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / Alternative methods were developed for some determinations performed in routine by animal nutrition laboratories, in order to increase laboratory efficiency and reduce costs maintaining analytical quality. In the first step, a multicomutation point to point potentiometric titration system to total acid in silage extracts with the use of a PVC (tridodecilamine) membrane electrode is described. The multicommutation developed system employed three solenoid valves for solution management and a peristaltic pump for the fluid propulsion. The time and sequence of switching valves, the velocity of peristaltic pump and the data acquisition were performed through a developed program in the Labview® platform using a computer with an electronic interface. Silage samples of Brachiaria grass, sugar cane and corn were analyzed by the proposed system in order to method validation. The results indicated agreement in order of 95% of confidence when were compared with the ones obtained by gas chromatography (acetic, propyonic and butyric acids), and liquid (lactic acid), and by bath titration. In a second step, an alternative method for determination of neutral detergent fiber in forage samples was proposed, with the use of the nylon bag technology to samples storage, and a semi-pressure system heating by microwave radiation. This analyze consists of a cellular inner components solubilization in neutral detergent solution, remaining the neutral detergent fiber, basically formed by cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, lignin protein and silica, gravimetrically determined after oven drying. The method was validated from samples analysis supplied by the Ensaio de Proficiência de Laboratórios de Nutrição Animal , coordinate by Embrapa Cattle-Southeast. High correlation was obtained among the results obtained with the proposed method and furnace by the program, therefore its employment could be recommended. / Foram propostos métodos alternativos para algumas determinações rotineiramente realizadas em laboratórios de nutrição animal, com o objetivo de aumentar a eficiência laboratorial e reduzir os custos, mantendo porém a qualidade analítica. A primeira parte descreve a implementação da técnica de titulação potenciométrica ponto a ponto em um sistema de multicomutação utilizando eletrodo de membrana de PVC (tridodecilamina) para a determinação da acidez total em extratos de silagem. O sistema de multicomutação desenvolvido empregou três válvulas solenóides de três vias para controle das soluções e uma bomba peristáltica para propulsão dos fluidos. O tempo e a seqüência de acionamento das válvulas, a velocidade da bomba peristáltica e a aquisição dos dados foram controlados por um programa dedicado, desenvolvido em plataforma Labview®, utilizando um microcomputador equipado com uma interface eletrônica. Para efeito de validação do método, foram analisadas pelo sistema proposto amostras de silagem de capim Brachiaria, de cana-de-açúcar e de milho. Os resultados indicaram concordância ao nível de 95% de confiança quando comparados aos obtidos por cromatografia gasosa (ácidos acético, propiônico e butírico) e líquida (ácido lático) e por titulação em batelada. Em uma segunda etapa, foi proposto procedimento para a determinação de fibra em detergente neutro em amostras de forragens com o emprego da tecnologia nylon bag para o armazenamento das amostras e de aquecimento por radiação microondas em um sistema semipressurizado. A análise consiste na solubilização dos componentes do conteúdo celular solúveis em solução de detergente neutro, restando a fibra em detergente neutro, basicamente constituída de celulose, hemicelulose, lignina, proteína lignificada e sílica, determinados por gravimetria após secagem em estufa. O método foi validado a partir de análises de amostras fornecidas pelo Ensaio de Proficiência para Laboratórios de Nutrição Animal , coordenado pela Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, sendo obtida alta correlação entre os resultados, viabilizando a recomendação do emprego do método.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:36:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_ms_me_botfmvz.pdf: 174069 bytes, checksum: 2dd52fa6a3e9b9232005ba7edbfded45 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / The objective of this paper was to compare dried corn plant (DCP) as a roughage (R) source for lactating goats to roughages traditionally used for feeding ruminants: alfalfa hay (AH) and coastcross hay (CCH). Twenty-one crossbred goats weighing an average of 66.48 kg were used. After reaching their lactation peak, they were distributed among seven 3 x 3 latin squares. Each experimental diet consisted of one of the roughages fed ad lib plus a commercial concentrate (C) for lactating goats, fed on a basis of 1 kg for every 2.5 kg of milk. Each group, composed by seven animals kept in a collective pen with slatted floor, stayed in each treatment for two weeks; the first week was an adaptation period, whereas milk yield measurements and milk samples were collected during the second week. Dry or as-fed matter intake was higher in AH than in DCP or CCH. No treatment effect on C intake was detected. The higher dry matter intake in AH led to higher intakes of crude protein, ether extract, minerals, nitrogen-free extract, total digestible nutrients and acid detergent fiber, both in R and in the total diet (R + C). No treatment effect was observed for either crude fiber or neutral detergent fiber intakes in R and in R+C. Milk yield and milk PB content were higher in AH than in DCP or CCH; however, milk yield corrected for 3.5% fat and body weight loss were higher in AH than in CCH, but DCP did not differ from the other two treatments. Production cost per kg of milk was lower for DCP than for AH or CCH. The results show that DCP is a valid alternative roughage for dairy goats.

Submitted by Gabriela Lopes (gmachadolopesufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-09-14T13:55:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE_LUCIANE_NUNES_PEREIRA_SUÑÉ PDF.pdf: 3767736 bytes, checksum: 17fc8e0b4be3639561a4bcd01e98aaf1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-14T13:55:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE_LUCIANE_NUNES_PEREIRA_SUÑÉ PDF.pdf: 3767736 bytes, checksum: 17fc8e0b4be3639561a4bcd01e98aaf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-11 / Sem bolsa / O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade bromatológica de duas forrageiras de estação fria, aveia preta (Avena strigosa Scrheb) e azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), produzidos sob adubação orgânica, utilizando vermicomposto bovino e ovino. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido, na Universidade da Região da Campanha, em Bagé-RS-Brasil, testando-se dois vermicompostos bovino (VB) e ovino (VO) recomendação ROLAS (2004), compondo os tratamentos: T1(sem adubação), T2(VB 50%), T3(VB 100%),T4(VB 150%) e T5(VB 200%); T6(VO 50%), T7(VO 100%), T8(VO 150%) e T9(VO 200%). O delineamento experimental foi formado por blocos casualizados com dez repetições. Os experimentos foram conduzidos separadamente, com aveia e azevém. As forrageiras foram semeadas em vasos com capacidade de 12kg. Foram realizados seis cortes na aveia cada um aos 10cm da superfície do substrato quando a planta atingia 20cm de altura: aos 39, 47, 59, 72, 86 e 103 dias de idade; e cinco cortes no azevém da mesma forma, aos 47, 59, 72, 86 e 103 dias de idade; onde foram analisadas a produção de fitomassa fresca, fitomassa seca, proteína bruta, fibra detergente neutro e fibra detergente ácido. Concluiu-se que as duas forrageiras, a aveia e o azevém, responderam positivamente à adubação orgânica, com destaque para os tratamentos compostos por vermicomposto ovino. A adubação com vermicomposto (bovino e ovino) na cultura da aveia permite uma produção de FFPA, FSPA, PB, FDN e FDA dentro dos limites que caracterizam uma boa forrageira. O vermicomposto ovino é um adubo que promove melhores respostas às culturas de aveia e azevém até os 103 dias de corte. A adubação com vermicomposto (bovino e ovino) na cultura o azevém permite uma produção de FSPA, PB, FDN e FDA dentro dos limites que caracterizam uma boa forrageira. / The present study aimed to evaluate the bromatological quality of fodder of two cold season, black oats (Avena strigosa Scrheb) and italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), produced under Organic fertilization, using bovine and sheep worm compost. The experiment was conducted in a polyethylene greenhouse, at the Universidade da Região da Campanha Bagé-RS-Brazil, testing whether two vermicompostos cattle (VB) and sheep (VO) recommendation ROLAS (2004), composing the treatments: T1 (without fertilization), T2 (VB 50%), T3 (VB 100%), T4 (VB 150%) and T5 (VB 200%); T6 (50%), T7 VO (VO 100%), T8 (150%) and T9 VO (VO 200%). The experimental design was randomized blocks formed with ten repetitions. The experiments were conducted separately, with oats and Italian ryegrass. The foragers were sown in pots with a capacity of 12 kg. Were made six cuts in oats each to 10 cm from the surface of the substrate when the plant reached 20 cm height: to 39, 47, 59, 72, 86 and 103 days of age; and five azev cuts Similarly, 47, 59, 72, 86 and 103 days of age; where were analyzed fresh phytomass production, crude protein, dry phytomass, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. It was concluded that both the forage oats and Italian ryegrass, responded positively to the organic fertilizing, highlighting treatments composed of sheep worm compost. The fertilization with worm compost (cattle and sheep) in oat culture allows a production of FFPA, FSPA, CP, NDF and FDA within the limits which characterize a good forager. The sheep is a worm compost fertilizer promotes better responses to crops of oats and Italian ryegrass to 103 days of cutting. The fertilization with worm compost (cattle and sheep) in ryegrass culture allows a production of FSPA, CP, NDF and FDA within the limits which characterize a good forager.