The so called ‘Islamic State,’ an Islamic extremist organization which currently controls large swaths of territory in the Middle East, has attracted foreign fighters to its insurgency in tens of thousands. Until just recently, foreign fighters were not well researched or understood separately from local fighters. David Malet (2013) argues that insurgencies recruit foreign fighters by persuading them to defend a ‘common group’ against a threatening enemy. This ‘defensive mobilization,’ he believed, was critical to recruiting foreign fighters throughout history. After preliminary analysis, the Islamic State presented evidence contrary to this theory, and it seemed dubious that they would use defensive mobilization to recruit foreign fighters. By analyzing at Islamic State’s recruitment propaganda, this research found that the Islamic State did indeed break with Malet’s understanding of foreign fighters. Interestingly, the Islamic State instead invoked the religious duty to conquer on behalf of a legitimate religious state and restore Islamic dominion over the world. These findings may serve to increase our understanding of the Islamic State in general and will likely cause us to make adjustments in how we understand foreign fighter recruitment to other civil conflicts.

Darbe analizuojamos savanorystės kaip moksleivių lyderystės raiškos galimybės. Nagrinėjami savanorių - lyderių veiklos nevyriausybinėje „Jaunųjų ugniagesių“(LJUS) organizacijoje klausimai, siejant juos su savanorystės peraugimu į jaunojo lyderio vaidmenį skatinimo galimybėmis. Remiantis atliktais tyrimais, pateikiami moksleivių - savanorių pagrindiniai motyvai darbui su vaikais,jaunimu. Yra išskiriami efektyviausi būdai, įtakojantys savanorystės ir lyderystės raišką. Remiantis tyrimo išvadomis, pažymima, kad veiksmingiausios yra ne materialinės skatinimo formos, o tos, kurios skatina savanorio asmeninį tobulėjimą, įtakoja jauno žmogaus ateities profesinius planus. / The volunteering as the expression of students’ leadership and its singularities (the case of the Young fire-fighter) has been chosen as the subject of the research considering to the relevance of the problem and in pursuance to research it. Students of 5-10th classes participated in the survey. The activities of the Young fire-fighters league of Lithuania were emphasized as the main examples of the youth volunteering and leadership. The main aim of the research is to show singularities of the volunteering as the expression of students’ leadership in pursuance of the project activities in the non-governmental organization - the Young fire-fighters league of Lithuania.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Liberty University Counseling Department, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio State University, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-80).

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-91). Also available in print.

Thesis (D.Min.)--Brite Divinity School, Texas Christian University, 2009. / Includes abstract. Vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-69). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.Psych.Org.) - University of Queensland, 2005. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Montana, 2007. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 3, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-57).

Foreign Fighters and the Challenges Associated with their Criminal Accountability JUDr. Anna Richterová The presented thesis focuses on the phenomenon of foreign fighters - a topic that has been for years appearing not only on cover pages of newspapers, but it is mainly a frequent subject of legal discussions and new legislations. The major reason is the connectivity of this phenomenon with the terrorism. The aim of this work is a comprehensive charting/analysing and elucidating of questions who the foreign fighters are, what their status is in the framework of the international law and what the possibilities of their criminal accountability are. In the general part, the work introduces and refines the concept of foreign fighters and foreign terrorist fighters. It offers both the historical and modern perspective of the participation of persons in armed conflicts abroad. It is followed by presenting the modern efforts to define the term of foreign fighters and explaining why the phenomenon of the foreign fighters and the measures against them are not new. The work also outlines the motivation of people to leave and fight in remote parts of the world. Legislative measures concerning foreign terrorist fighters on the universal and regional level are discussed in detail. The age-old effort to adopt a...

published_or_final_version / Politics and Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration