The explorative scanning movements of the hands have been compared to those of the eyes. The visual process is known to be composed of alternating phases of saccadic eye movements and fixation pauses. Descriptive results suggest that during the haptic exploration of objects short movement pauses occur as well.The goal of the present study was to detect these \"explorative stops\"(ES) during one-handed and two-handed haptic explorations of various objects and patterns, and to measure their duration. Additionally, the associations between the following variables were analyzed:(a) between mean exploration time and duration of ES, (b) between certain stimulus features and ES frequency, and (c) the duration of ES during the course of exploration.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of South Florida, 2007. / Title from PDF of title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 20 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Gil Guerra Júnior / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T15:35:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_WellingtonRobertoGomesde_D.pdf: 1478857 bytes, checksum: 338ed099cb26701444e844d79f748a8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Estrutura da tese: No presente estudo optou-se pelo ¿Modelo Escandinavo¿, o qual é chamado de ¿Modelo Alternativo¿ no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM - UNICAMP). Sendo assim, a tese foi composta por introdução geral, objetivos, capítulos (1 e 2) e conclusão geral. A introdução geral abordou aspectos sobre massa óssea e composição corporal, assim como os respectivos e principais estudos na área. Nos capítulos 1 e 2 encontram-se os artigos formatados segundo as normas específicas de cada periódico a que foram submetidos. Na conclusão geral foram apresentadas as principais conclusões dos dois artigos. As referências bibliográficas foram apresentadas no final de cada capítulo e da tese. A seguir, foram apresentadas as principais informações que se referem à estruturação dos dois capítulos da tese. Objetivo: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: (1) avaliar as alterações na quantidade óssea em relação à idade, peso, altura, índice de massa corporal, nível socioeconômico e estadio puberal em estudantes de baixo nível socioeconômico e (2) avaliar a influência da composição corporal sobre a massa óssea em crianças e adolescentes. Materiais e Métodos: Participaram do estudo 270 estudantes saudáveis de baixo nível socioeconômico, de ambos os sexos com idades entre 7 e 19 anos. Por métodos antropométricos foram avaliados o peso e a estatura e calculados o índice de massa corporal (IMC), massa gorda, índice de massa gorda e percentual de gordura corporal, circunferência da cintura e do quadril e a relação cintura-quadril. A quantidade óssea (Amplitude Dependent Speed of Sound, AD-SoS) foi avaliada por meio de transmissão de sinais de ultrassom nas falanges utilizando-se a terceira geração do equipamento DBM Sonic BP (IGEA, Carpi, Italy). Para cálculo do z escore da AD-SoS foram usados a média e o desvio-padrão para idade e gênero de acordo com dados presentes no software do aparelho. Foi realizada a análise descritiva dos dados, e aplicaram-se os testes de Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, coeficiente de correlação linear de todas as idades e ambos os sexos. Em ambos os sexos AD-SoS apresentou Spearman e análise de regressão linear múltipla stepwise com significância de 5%. Resultados: No estudo longitudinal, observou-se que meninos e meninas apresentaram em geral ganho significativo de peso, altura e IMC, porém com diminuição da AD-SoS entre os meninos mais jovens e as meninas mais velhas. Porém, o z escore da AD-SoS girou em torno de zero na segunda avaliação para correlações significativas com idade, peso e altura, e IMC após um ano nos meninos e nas duas avaliações nas meninas, sendo a idade a única preditora nos meninos nas duas avaliações, e a idade, a altura, o estadio púbere e o IMC preditores na primeira avaliação, e a idade, o estadio púbere e o IMC preditores na segunda avaliação para as meninas. No estudo transversal, observou-se que as meninas apresentaram maior massa óssea em relação aos meninos com o avanço da idade e do estadio puberal. Em ambos os sexos, a massa óssea apresentou correlações significativas com idade, peso, altura, IMC, circunferência da cintura e quadril; com massa gorda, índice de massa gorda e percentual de gordura corporal apenas nas meninas; e correlação negativa com a relação cintura-quadril em ambos os sexos. A idade e a altura foram preditoras nos meninos e a idade, o estadio púbere e o índice de massa gorda preditores nas meninas. Conclusão: Apesar do aumento do peso, da altura e do avanço do estadiamento puberal, após um ano de acompanhamento não ocorreu um ganho proporcional de massa óssea neste grupo de estudantes de baixo nível socioeconômico; e a correlação entre massa óssea e composição corporal ocorreu em ambos os sexos, porém, apenas nas meninas, o índice de massa gorda foi preditor da massa óssea. / Abstract: Structure of the thesis: In this study we opted for the "Scandinavian Model", which is called "Alternative Model" in the Post-Graduate Program of Child and Adolescent Health of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, at State University of Campinas (FCM - UNICAMP). Thus, the thesis was composed of general introduction, objectives, chapters (1 and 2) and general conclusion. The general introduction approached aspects on bone mass and body composition as well as the major studies in the area. Chapters 1 and 2 contain the articles formatted according to the specific rules of the journals to which they were submitted. In general conclusion we presented the main conclusions of the two articles. References were presented at the end of each chapter and of the thesis. Next, we present the main information that refers to the structuring of the two chapters of the thesis. Objectives: The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate changes in bone density for age, weight, height, body mass index, socioeconomic status, and pubertal stage in Brazilian students from low socioeconomic status and (2) to evaluate the influence of body composition on the bone mass in healthy students of low socioeconomic status. Materials and Methods: The study included 270 healthy students of low socioeconomic status, of both genders aged 7 and 19 years. Anthropometric methods, weight and height, were obtained to calculate the body mass index (BMI), fat mass, fat mass index and percentage body fat, waist and hip circumferences were also obtained and the waist-hip ratio was calculated. The bone quantity (Amplitude Dependent Speed Sound, AD-SoS) was evaluated by means of signal transmission of ultrasound at the phalanges using the third generation of DBM Sonic BP device (Igea, Carpi, Italy). To calculate the z score of the AD-SoS, the mean and standard deviation for age and gender according to data on the device software were used. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, followed by the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests, correlation coefficient and Spearman's analysis of stepwise linear regression with a AD-SoS among younger boys and older girls. However, z scores of AD-SoS was around zero in the second assessment for all ages and both genders. In both genders AD-SoS was significantly correlated with age, weight and height, and BMI after one year in boys and girls in both evaluations. Age was the only predictor among boys in both evaluations. Among girls, age, height, pubertal stage and BMI were predictors in the first evaluation, and age, pubertal stage and BMI in the second. A cross-sectional study showed that girls had higher bone mass than boys with advancing age and pubertal stage. In both sexes, bone mass was significantly correlated with age, weight, height, BMI, waist circumference and hip. Correlation with fat mass, fat mass index and percentage of body fat was observed only in girls, and there was negative correlation with waist -hip in both genders. Age and height were predictors for boys and age, pubertal stage and fat mass index predictors for girls. Conclusion: Despite the increase in weight, height and advancement of pubertal stage, after a year of monitoring there was not a proportional gain of bone mass in this group of Brazilian students from low socioeconomic level; and girls tended to have higher body fat and higher bone density compared with boys, with a contribution of adiposity on bone density for the group of girls. significance of 5%. Results: In a longitudinal study, we observed that boys and girls showed a significant gain in overall weight, height and BMI, but with reduced. / Doutorado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Doutor em Ciências

Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da adubação antecipada sobre a produção de matéria seca da cultura de Eleusine coracana, os caracteres produtivos, a qualidade fisiológica das sementes e a produtividade da cultura da soja em sucessão, sustentando-se a hipótese de que a produtividade da soja não é reduzida devido à antecipação da adubação de base para a cultura do capim-pé-de-galinha, foi conduzido o presente experimento na Estação Experimental Anhembi, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (USP/ESALQ), no município de Piracicaba-SP, durante os anos agrícolas de 2001/2002, 2002/2003 e 2003/2004, em Latossolo Amarelo distrófico. A adubação consistiu da aplicação de 90 kg de P2O5 ha-1, 50 kg de K2O ha-1 e de micronutrientes (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo e Zn). O experimento adotou delineamento em blocos completos ao acaso com três repetições e 12 tratamentos que consistiram em diferentes níveis de antecipação da adubação da soja para a cultura do capim-pé-degalinha: T1= nenhuma adubação; T2= adubação convencional na soja; T3= antecipação de 50% de K, no capim-pé-de-galinha; T4= antecipação de 100% de K, no capim-pé-de-galinha; T5= antecipação de 50% de P, no capim-pé-de-galinha; T6= antecipação de 50% de P e K, no capim-pé-de-galinha; T7= antecipação de 50% de P e 100 % de K, no capim-pé-de-galinha; T8= antecipação de 100% de P, no capim-pé-degalinha; T9= antecipação de 100% de P e 50% de K, no capim-pé-de-galinha; T10= antecipação de 100% de P e K, no capim-pé-de-galinha; T11= antecipação de 100% de P e K + micronutrientes, no capim-pé-de-galinha; T12= antecipação da adubação foliar com micronutrientes, no capim-pé-de-galinha. As características avaliadas foram: a) capim pé-de-galinha: produtividade de matéria seca da parte aérea; b) soja: estande final, altura final de planta, grau de acamamento, número de ramificações por planta, número de vagens chochas por planta, número de vagens de 3 cavidades com 3, 2 e 1 semente, número de vagens de 2 cavidades com 2 e 1 semente, número de vagens de 1 cavidade com 1 semente, número total de vagens e de sementes por planta, peso de sementes por planta, peso de mil sementes e produtividade agrícola. As sementes de soja foram submetidas aos testes de germinação, de envelhecimento acelerado e de emergência em areia. Conclui-se: a) A antecipação das adubações fosfatada e potássica da soja para a semeadura do Eleusine coracana, incrementa a produtividade de matéria seca deste; b) A ausência de adubação do sistema de produção envolvendo a semeadura direta da soja em sucessão à cultura de cobertura com o capim-pé-degalinha conduz, ao longo das sucessivas safras, a perdas de produtividades agrícolas de matéria seca do capim-pé-de-galinha e de sementes de soja; c) A antecipação da adubação de base da cultura da soja para o capim-pé-de-galinha não interfere com a quantidade total de vagens formadas pelas plantas de soja; e, d) A antecipação da adubação de semeadura com fósforo e potássio da cultura da soja para a semeadura do capim-pé-de-galinha não interfere com a massa de mil sementes e nem com a produtividade agrícola da soja. / A research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effects of anticipated fertilization on the production of Eleusine coracana dry matter as well as it productive features. In addition to it, the physiological quality of the seeds and the culture yield were also evaluated, taking into account the hypothesis that soybean yield is not reduced due to the anticipated base fertilization of the finger millet culture. The experiment was conducted at the Estação Experimental Anhembi, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (USP/ESALQ), in Piracicaba/SP, during the growing seasons of 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004, in an Oxisol. The fertilization consisted on the application of 90 kg of P2O5 ha-1, 50 kg of K2O ha-1 and micronutrients (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn). The experiment adopted a completely randomized blocks design with three repetitions and twelve treatments, which comprehended different levels of anticipated soybean fertilization for the culture of finger millet, as it follows: T1= without fertilization ; T2= traditional soybean fertilization; T3= anticipation of 50% of K on finger millet; T4= anticipation of 100% of K, on finger millet; T5= anticipation of 50% of P on finger millet; T6= anticipation of 50% of K and P on finger millet; T7= anticipation of 50% of P and 100% of K on finger millet; T8= anticipation of 100% of P on finger millet; T9= anticipation of 100% of P and 50% of K on finger millet; T10 = anticipation of 100% of P and K on finger millet; T11 = anticipation of 50% of K on finger millet; T11 = anticipation of 100% of P and K + micronutrients on finger millet; T12 = anticipation of foliar fertilization with micronutrients on finger millet. The evaluated characteristics were: a) finger millet: dry matter production; b) soybean: final stand, final plant height, lodging, number of branches per plant, number of empty pods per plant, number of pods with 3 cavities with 3, 2 and 1 seed, number of pods with 2 cavities with 2 and 1 seed, number of pods with 1 cavity and 1 seed, total number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, mass of 1,000 seeds and total yield. Soybean seeds were submitted to germination tests, accelerated ageing tests and well as tests of sand emergency. It was concluded that: a) Phosphorus and potassium anticipated fertilization on soybean applied to the Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. crop can increase the finger millet dry matter yield; b) The absence of fertilization on the soybean no-tillage yield system succeeding the finger millet cover culture can cause the decrease of total yield of finger millet dry matter and soybean seeds; c) The anticipation of base fertilization of soybean culture for finger millet does not interfere with the total amount of pods generated by soybean plants; and d) Phosphorus and potassium anticipated fertilization on soybean culture for finger millet crop do not interfere with the mass of 1,000 seeds and total soybean yield.

Com o objetivo de estudar o custo da produção segura, de salgados, em uma fábrica localizada no munícipio de Jundiaí, São Paulo, foi realizado um estudo de caso por observação de processos e registros, em planilhas de Excel, dos custos da produção do alimento seguro com a execução das Boas Práticas de Fabricação referente ao período de agosto de 2010 a julho de 2011 e posteriormente retirados os custos pertinentes as Boas Práticas de Fabricação para comparação entre ambas às situações. Também foram levantados os custos das obrigações legais e sua influência no resultado final do preço unitário. Para identificar os custos diretos de uma produção que assegura a qualidade do alimento, mantendo-o inócuo, foram utilizados os conceitos de custos variáveis. As contas foram agrupadas segundo seu destino de utilização. Foram estudadas também as mudanças de hábitos alimentares devido à mudança de comportamento, especialmente das mulheres que tem crescente participação nas atividades remuneradas, fora do lar. O perfil de consumo das famílias está mudando e com este o aumento de ocorrências de doenças causadas por contaminação alimentar, que segundo os autores estudados acontece com maior frequência do que se tem registrado de fato. Para entender melhor esta relação foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a evolução do consumo, aumento da demanda de alimentos prontos para consumo, riscos de contaminação alimentar e doenças de origem alimentar, as normas técnicas, legislações e políticas públicas pertinentes à fabricação do alimento seguro que reúnem informações para melhorar a qualidade dos alimentos produzidos. Nos resultados encontrados os custos variáveis tiveram menor alteração em relação à simulação do não cumprimento das boas práticas de fabricação (BPF) e das obrigações legais, a maior influência foi sobre os custos fixos. A redução encontrada nos custos totais (soma dos custos variáveis com os fixos) para a situação onde os custos pertinentes ao cumprimento das BPF foram retirados foi de 5,8% e de 16,4% quando retirados os custos referentes às obrigações legais, que resulta na soma de 22,2% de diminuição dos custos, percentual este que favorece a produção caseira (informal), quando comparado com a produção formal. O resultado financeiro obtido quando cumpridas todas as exigências de BPF e obrigações legais foi negativo em 11,9% e na simulação da ausência destas práticas e exigências foi positivo em 17,5% (situação caseira e informal). Estes resultados estão relacionados com a utilização da capacidade produtiva instalada, que foi de 50%, equivalente a 43,9 t. e, portanto, existe ainda possibilidade de mudanças nos resultados ao atingir a capacidade ótima de produção. / With the aim of studying the cost of finger food safe production in a factory located in the municipality of Jundiaí, São Paulo, we conducted a case study by observation of processes and records, in Excel spreadsheets, of the cost of food safe production with the implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices for the period from August 2010 to July 2011 and subsequently withdrawn the costs involved with Good Manufacturing Practices for comparison between the two situations. We also raised the costs of legal obligations and its influence on the final result of the unit price. To identify the direct costs of production, which ensures the quality of food, keeping it harmless, we used the concepts of variable costs. The accounts were grouped according to their destination of use. We also studied the changes in eating habits due to behavior change, especially women who have increased participation in paid work outside home. The profile of household consumption is changing and consequently increased occurrences of diseases caused by contaminated food, which according to the authors studied happens more frequently than thought. To better understand this relationship we conducted a search on consumption trends, rising demand for ready to eat foods, risks of food contamination and foodborne diseases, technical standards, legislation and public policy pertinent to the manufacture of safe food to gather information to improve the quality of food produced. In the results the variable costs had less changes in relation to the simulation of non-compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP) and legal obligations, the greatest influence was on the fixed costs. The reduction found in the total costs (sum of variable costs with fixed) where the costs pertaining to the enforcement of GMP were removed was 5.8% and 16.4% when taken out costs related to legal obligations, which sum results in a 22.2% decrease in costs, which favors home production (informal) when compared with the formal production. The financial result when met all the requirements of GMP and legal obligations was negative in 11.9% and in simulation and practical absence of these requirements was positive in 17.5% (homely and informal). These results are related to the utilization of the production capacity of 50%, equivalent to 43.9 tons, and therefore there is a possibility of changes in the results if optimum production is achieved.

Context: The invention of mobile phones makes the human life easier. The purpose of this study is to identify security risks in mobile banking and to provide an authentication method for mobile banking transaction by using bio-metric mechanism. Objectives: Current mobile banking authentication is challenging and identified as a major security risk. Literature review shows that customer distrusts mobile banking due to security issues. The authors discuss security risks in current authentication methods in mobile banking. Methods: There are different methods and approaches to handle authentication in mobile banking. In this thesis, we propose a new approach of authentication in mobile banking. The strengths and weaknesses of existing approaches of authentication are identified with the help of Literature Review and interviews. The authors present basic transaction model and include security risks. By Literature Review it is found that finger print mechanism is a suitable method for authentication. Authors focus on authentication method and present a biometric scanning device which can identify the customer’s finger print thus enabling the customer to access mobile banking facility. Results: An authentication model is proposed through design process. The proposed biometric design was validated by conducting a workshop. The analysis of the workshop’s results showed that customer’s trust in security for mobile banking will be increased by finger print mechanism. To promote mobile banking, it is necessary to improve customer trust in terms of security. Conclusions: The authors concluded that, only authorized person will be able to use mobile banking services by incorporating bio-metric finger-print mechanism. By literature review and interview it was found that finger-print mechanism is more suitable than other ordinary mechanisms like login and password mechanism, SMS etc. / Using mobile phones for mobile banking, customers can push or pull the details like Funds transfer, Bill payment, Share trade, Check order and also inquiries like Account balance, Account statement and Check status Transaction history etc. It means that the customer is interacting with the files, databases etc., of the bank . Database at the server end is sensitive in terms of security. Customers distrust mobile devices to transfer money or for making any transactions. The reason is that security is a major concern for the customer’s fulfillment. Customer’s main concern in using mobile devices for mobile banking is the authentication method used to ensure that the right person is accessing the services like transaction etc.The authors made a basic model for mobile banking transaction. All security risks were included in the transaction model. Then the authors focused on authentication method. By literature review and interview it was concluded that security can be improved by bio metric methods. The authors focused on different bio-metric mechanism and concluded that fingerprint mechanism is more suitable as it requires less storage capacity in database and identifies the uniqueness of customers. The authors suggest a possible solution by proposing finger-print mechanism model and designed a bio-metric scanning device as a solution through which customer can interact with banking system using their finger-print. The result of workshop shows that bio-metric finger print mechanism is more suitable and secure then other authentication methods for mobile banking. / 004531847791

Une étude de faisabilité de poutres en bois lamellé-collé a été menée en Guyane Française en utilisant les essences locales. Le but est de déterminer les paramètres de collage assurant la bonne résistance mécanique des assemblages par lamellation et par aboutage, nécessaires à la fabrication de poutres en bois lamellé-collé en climat tropical. Trois essences de bois abondantes de différentes densités ont été sélectionnées. Les adhésifs de types Mélamine-Urée-Formol et Résorcinol-Phénol-Formol ont été utilisées. Les paramètres de collage considérés sont : le grammage, le temps d’assemblage fermé et la pression.En utilisant les normes Européennes, plusieurs campagnes de tests ont été conduites sur des échantillons normalisés. Concernant le collage par lamellation, des tests élémentaires de délamination et de cisaillement des joints de colle ont été réalisés. Le test de délamination consiste en deux cycles d’immersion dans l’eau sous pression et de séchage, il induit de sévères variations d’humidité du bois susceptibles de créer des ouvertures des joints de colles. Le collage par aboutage est réalisé sur des poutres normalisées aboutées. Les entures sont obtenues grâce à un outillage standard communément utilisé pour les résineux. Les résultats ont mis en évidence l’influence des propriétés du bois et des paramètres de collage sur la résistance du joint et la résistance mécanique du produit. En effet, les paramètres du bois, tels que la densité, la rétractibilité et l’imprégnation, ont une forte influence sur le collage, en particulier sur la pression et le grammage nécessaires à la production d’un produit commercialisable. Il apparait qu’un bois de densité moyenne et poreux nécessite un grammage et une pression élevés comparé à un bois de densité élevée qui nécessite des valeurs moindres. Aussi, l’influence d’autres paramètres de fabrication, tels que le rabotage, l’encollage double face et simple face ainsi que l’épaisseur des lamelles, a été établie. Par contre il semblerait que le matériel communément utilisé pour l’aboutage des résineux n’est pas adapté aux feuillus tropicaux. En final, des paramètres de collage ont été validés pour la fabrication de lamellé-collé endémique en Guyane Française et une étude du coût de production d’une poutre lamellé-collé standard a identifié les conditions économiques d’une fabrication en Guyane Française. / A feasibility study of glued-laminated timber beams was carried out in French Guiana using local wood species. The aim of the study was to evaluate the gluing parameters that could ensure good mechanical properties for the manufactured glued-laminated beams in tropical climates. Three abundant wood species with different specific gravity were selected for the study. Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde and Resorcinol-Phenol-Formaldehyde resins were used for gluing. The three gluing parameters considered are: adhesive spread rate, closing assembly time and gluing pressure.Using European standards, several laboratory tests were performed on normalized samples. The evaluation of a successful lamella’s gluing was done by using elementary tests of delamination and shearing. A delamination test consists of two cycles of water immersion at high pressure and drying which induces severe hygroscopic variation in wood thus causing joints opening. The finger-joints are made using a standard tool usually used for cutting softwoods. The performed tests revealed the influence of wood properties and the gluing parameters on the joint resistance and the mechanical properties of the product. Results show that wood properties such as specific gravity, shrinkage coefficient, and permeation, have a high degree of influence on the gluing step especially on the gluing pressure and on the adhesive spread rate needed to produce a commercial product. Furthermore, wood with medium specific gravity needs more adhesive and more pressure than the one with high specific gravity. Additionally, the effects of other manufacturing parameters, such as planning, double or simple side glue spreading and lamellae thicknesses, on the glue joint resistance were demonstrated. Finally, the common tools used for softwoods are not adapted to making the finger joints with tropical hardwoods.In conclusion, optimal gluing parameters for manufacturing glued-laminated timber beams in French Guiana were established and an economical study using standard glued-laminated timber beams revealed the economic conditions under which a successful manufacturing of these local beams can be implemented in French Guiana.

This work is focused on the issues related to baroque interpretation on recorder concerning classwork on primary art schools. Main recorder history, available classbooks about technique and interpretation of baroque music is presented as well as a list of conservatories and universities in the Czech republic and universities in the surrounding coutries, where the recorder can be studied as a main subject. Furthermore, breath, articulation and finger technique are discussed. Separate chapter is dedicated to the composition ornamentation. Practical classwork is demonstrated on concrete scores targeted on pupils of different primary art school grades. Breath technique, articulation and finger technique is discussed for each composition. Furthermore, ornamentation possibilities are presented for each piece.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Retinoblastoma binding protein 6 (RBBP6) is a 250 kDa protein that is implicated in mRNA processing and ubiquitination functions and has been shown to be highly up-regulated in a number of cancers. In humans and mice,RBBP6 interacts with both tumour suppressors p53 and pRb, suggesting that it is involved in regulation of transcription, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle control. Knock-out of an RBBP6 homologue PACT resulted in p53 dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Although the biological functions of RBBP6 remain largely unclear, it is possible that its functions are mediated through interaction with other cellular proteins. Since it is possible to unveil novel functions of a target protein through identifying its interacting protein partners,this study aims to further characterize the functions of RBBP6 through identifying novel protein interacting partners using a yeast 2-hybrid screen.In order to identify interaction partners of RBBP6, two well characterized domains of RBBP6, the N-terminal ubiquitin-like DWNN domain and RING finger domain, were used as baits in a yeast 2-hybrid screen of a human testis cDNA library. Putative interactors were verified using in vitro and in vivo immunoprecipitation assays. The RING finger domain was shown to interact with transcriptional factors Y-Box binding protein 1 (YB-1) and zinc finger and BTB containing protein 38 (zBTB38), resulting in their ubiquitination. In the case of YB-1 ubiquitination was correlated with a decrease in the intra-cellular levels of YB-1, suggesting that ubiquitination leads to degradation in the proteosome. The DWNN domain was shown to interact with a splicing associated small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G (snRPG) and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70).The results of this work suggest that, at least in the case of YB-1 and zBTB38,RBBP6 plays a role in the regulation of gene expression by ubiquitination of transcription factors, causing them to be degraded in the proteosome. The study provides further evidence of RBBP6’s involvement in mRNA splicing through its interaction with snRPG. The interaction with Hsp70 suggests a possible role in protein quality control similar to that played by other E3 ligases such as Parkin and CHIP.

Les produits structuraux (poutres, poteaux…etc) en bois de hêtre reconstitué par collage, notamment le Bois Massif Reconstitué (BMR) présentent un fort potentiel tant au niveau de la performance mécanique que de la ressource disponible par comparaison aux essences résineuses. Par ailleurs, les normes européennes actuelles sont rédigées pour les essences résineuses et l’usage du bois de hêtre en structures est limité à la classe de service 1 et aux produits d’intérieur et d’ameublement. Le marché français montre une forte augmentation de l’importation de produits structuraux en bois reconstitué par collage, principalement d’Allemagne et d’Autriche. Au-delà du potentiel de résistance mécanique du hêtre, son utilisation comme bois d’œuvre contribuera positivement au bilan carbone pour l’environnement, par la réduction des transports des bois d’importation. Cependant, pour un usage structural, les produits en hêtre reconstitué par collage nécessitent de passer par une évaluation de leur performance, notamment la fiabilité des aboutages. Cette thèse présente une méthodologie expérimentale et numérique permettant l’analyse du comportement mécanique des poutres en BMR. La démarche a été appliquée avec succès dans le cadre de poutres constituées de 2 à 3 lamelles avec ou sans aboutages. Dans ce contexte, nous avons également réalisé une étude paramétrique pour étudier l’influence de plusieurs paramètres sur la résistance des aboutages. En fin, nous avons formulé le problème d’optimisation de la géométrie de l’enture multiple afin d’augmenter la résistance des aboutages et donc la résistance globale des poutres en BMR / Nowadays, adhesively reconstituted products made of beech timber appear to be of increasing interest for structural purposes due to its high strength/stiffness properties as compared to the most soft-wood species. Furthermore, beech timber is not recognized by most standards for structural uses and restricted to service class 1 and only the furniture, interior joinery and do-it-yourself sectors are still the major users. The French market shows great increasing imports of adhesively reconstituted structural products from Germany and Austria. Moreover, the use of local species, like beech, for the production of reconstituted structural elements could be better for the carbon balance, since it reduces import transportation. However, despite the high mechanical performance of beech timber, adhesively reconstituted products need to meet some requirements, such as the performance of finger-joints. This thesis presents experimental and numerical approaches to deal with the mechanical behaviour of adhesively reconstituted beech beams, for structural purposes. Two-layer and three-layer beams with or without finger-joints have been considered and successfully studied. In addition, a parametrical study has been undertaken to study the influence of several parameters on the mechanical resistance of finger-joints. We, finally, proposed an optimization of the finger-jointing geometry in order to increase the resistance of finger-joints