A study has been made of the demographic and genetic structure of the Moray Firth fishing communities of Gardenstown and Whitehills. It was intended to investigate population composition, genetic structure and microevolutionary processes in a mainland community where occupation has played an important social role in the population. In this study, those who depended upon the fishing industry for a livelihood have been compared and contrasted with nonfishers. Chapter One consists of a description of the geographic and social setting and a discussion of the historical and economic background of each community. The next chapter, a literature review, details the scope of published literature on different aspect of population structure. Chapter Three describes the techniques and methods applied in this study. This chapter also describes the sources, and discusses the quality, of the raw data. Chapter Four, the first chapter containing results, concentrates on the demographic structure of the population. The theme of Chapter Five is devoted to surname analysis. The frequency and distribution of surnames through time and by occupation has been described and discussed. Very distinct occupational differences arose here, strongly suggesting, on the basis of comparative findings, that the fishers formed a partially isolated, closely related subdivision of the population. A detailed analysis of marital isonymy has been made and secular and occupational trends in the coefficient of inbreeding, as estimated by the method of Crow and Mange have been obtained. In an occupational comparison, it is clearly seen that inbreeding coefficients for the fisher population of each communities were significantly higher than values obtained for the non-fisher group. These differences, which would have produced differences in genotype distribution have been interpreted on the basis of differences in economic demands of the two sub-populations. Characteristics of marriage and marital movements have been considered in Chapter Six. The frequency of marriage, distribution of age at marriage and seasonality of marriage have been described. In this latter, fishers and non-fishers show clear differences, fisher marriages displaying a sustained tendency towards winter occurence. Endogamy rates have been examined through time and by occupation. There has been a clear secular decline in this trait, indicating that the population has become less localised. For exogamous marriages, the magnitude and direction of marriage distance has been investigated. A, consequence of marriage, fertility, was examined in the next chapter. Female fertility has been determined as have birth intervals and occupational differences in family sizes. It has been found that family size amongst fisherfolk was larger, and also that there were differences in fertility history between migrant and sedentary couples. The potential impact of differences in fertility and mortality patterns for the action of Natural Selection in these populations has also been considered in this chapter. Despite some criticisms of the method, the potential for natural selection to operate in these populations has been estimated to be high. Chapter Eight, the last chapter of results, describes the initiation and application of a computer technique for the reconstruction of individual life histories, and the establishment of family groups. The amount of in-migration to and out-migration from different sections of these communities has also been quantified. The last chapter provides an integrated discussion on the basis of overall occupational, secular, and village patterns for the two communities.

The interest in sports fishing and the number of enterprises involved is a growing phenomenon in Sweden. According to statistics from Statistics Sweden, about 1.6 million of all Swedish residents has an interest in fishing and about 10 percent of all international trips are related to fishing tourism. This indicates that there is a potential to develop fishing tourism in Swedish rivers. The aim of this study was to explore the fishing tourism around the salmon fishery and to identify any action that has been taken to improve conditions for the salmon in the river Göta älv, in the area of the Lilla Edet and Trollhättan municipalities. The information in this study has been collected from literature and interviews with SFK Laxen and Trollhättan Municipality. Göta älv is, among other rivers, regulated for hydropower production with four hydropower dams blocking the migration routes for the salmon. The main measurements that have been taken to facilitate salmon migration and improve conditions for salmon fishing are fish ladders at the power stations, and the addition of gravel to create spawning grounds. However, many projects that would improve the potential for fishing tourism are still waiting to be approved or has been denied. The result of this study has clarified the current situation for salmon and salmon fishing in Göta älv, and make some suggestions for further development of fishing tourism in the river.

Disturbance events occur outside the normal disturbance regime of a system and can cause changes in behavior of some organisms. The 2010 cold event is an example of a disturbance event that influenced the behavior of Common Snook (Centropomus undecimalis). Common snook are euryhaline sportfish native to Florida, Texas, and the Caribbean. Florida is the northern most part of their distribution, based on the 15o C winter isotherm. They move between offshore areas during spawning season and freshwater coastal rivers during non-spawning season. With the use of previously collected acoustic telemetry and biological data this project identifies the impact on population dynamics and movement near the time of the event. The goal is to understand fine scale movements and physiological conditions under normal and abnormal conditions to further inform management of the species. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2018. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2018 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of small-scale fish farming sub-sector to rural income generation in Thulamela Municipality in Limpopo Province, South Africa.The study applied a qualitative method to collect data from individual respondents of same characteristics using the semi-structured interview involving 15 small scale fish farmers. The findings from the study revealed that in terms of gender, more men were participating in the fish farming sector than women. About 73 percent of the total participants were men as compared to 27 percent of women participating in fish farming. In terms of age, a large proportion of farmers were men and women within the age range of 41-50 years and above 50 years who participated more actively in fish farming than other age groups. The results revealed some challenges and constraints characterised by theft of fish by community members, fish-eating birds or predators, poor access to funding, expensive fish feed, unavailability of fish feed, shortage of land, lack of proper infrastructure, and insufficient water supply during the drought period. As part of recommendations, some interventions should be developed to address the constraints and challenges revealed in the study. Small-scale fish farmers should be assisted to have access to proper infrastructure, boreholes to supplement available water during the dry season, fish feed, the agricultural market, land and other resources for fish farming.

Bibliography: leaves 102-106. "The study investigates South Australian (SA) commercial fisheries and aquaculture operations and seal interactions by exploring perceptions in the commercial fishing industry and comparing them to 2nd Century fishers experiences. The results confirm that SA commercial fishers do interact with seals and that interactins with Australian Sea Lions may be disproportionately more than with New Zealand Fur Seals. While some commercial fishers experience is similar to 2nd Century fishers and consider interference by seals to be major hindrance and suggest culling for management of seals, in general, SA commercial fishers are open to mitigation initiatives including gear modifications, to address seal interactions. The dissertation also examines some management mitigation options to minimizing fisheries-seal interactions and offers recommendations." -- ABSTRACT

Electrofishing is a sampling tool commonly used by fisheries researchers. While much is known about the effects of electroshock on fish physiology, consequences to the immune system and disease progression have not received attention. To understand the effects of electroshock on immune function we undertook a comparison of electroshock and handling stress in regards to selected immune functions and disease progression in juvenile spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). The handling stress treatment was included to insure the responsiveness of the fish. Our objectives were to determine the effects of electroshock on immune function, determine the mechanism of any observed alteration, and to determine the effects of electroshock on disease progression. Skin mucous lysozyme concentrations were not affected by exposure to electroshock. Respiratory burst activity may be enhanced in leukocytes immediately after an in vitro electroshock. Any effect in vivo, however, appears to be brief given the lack of differences observed 3 h after exposure. The specific immune response, measured as the ability of anterior kidney leukocytes to generate antibody producing cells (APC), was suppressed 3 h after electroshock, but recovered within 24 h. This response was similar in timing and magnitude to that of fish subjected to an acute handling stress. The mechanism of suppression is hypothesized to be via elevation of plasma cortisol concentrations. The ability to generate APC may be suppressed 7 d after electroshock, but it is not evident what mechanism is responsible for this suppression. There was some evidence that the progression of a Renibacterium salmoninarum (RS) infection was altered after exposure to an electroshock. Exposure to electroshock did not have a clear affect on the severity of infection or the number of mortalities, but may have accelerated the time to death in infected fish that died. The limited duration of specific immune suppression and lack of effect on mortality in RS infected fish lead us to conclude that electrofishing under the conditions we tested is a safe procedure in regards to immunity and disease. / Graduation date: 2000

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Chairperson: James W. Harrington. Includes bibliographical references.

"Rural Sports: The Poetry of Fishing, Fowling, and Hunting, 1650-1800" traces the evolution of poetry on the field sports over a 150-year span, with a view toward considering these poems in the first instance as sporting texts. This thesis analyzes sportsmen's attitudes toward their activities, noting the larger social implications of their sporting performances. The thesis also seeks to classify and understand the poems as distinct literary sub-genres. Current sociological insights into angling and hunting help to illustrate the poems' resemblances to one another, particularly Hobson Bryan's concept of "recreational specialization" and Norbert Elias's concept of "tension equilibrium." In providing a systematic survey of the rural sports poetry, this thesis argues that during successive stages of the period, poetry on certain sports came into vogue and then receded from fashion. This followed from historical and political developments but also from literary ones. The poetry on fishing after Izaak Walton's Compleat Angler (1653) maintained a dialogue between pastoral and georgic elements, as the two modes offered scope for the experience of angling. In the eighteenth century, the writers of hunting verse balanced a passion for sport with social and political awareness; hence, they tended to employ the techniques of the prospect view and topographical poetry, intermixing descriptive elements with didactic ones in the georgic mould. As the century progressed, hunting and shooting were either reproved in an increasing number of sentimental poems representing hunters as uncaring and pitiless toward animals or they were celebrated for their gentlemanly values and virtues in the manner of William Somervile's influential poem The Chace (1735) and George Markland's Pteryplegia (1727).

"Rural Sports: The Poetry of Fishing, Fowling, and Hunting, 1650-1800" traces the evolution of poetry on the field sports over a 150-year span, with a view toward considering these poems in the first instance as sporting texts. This thesis analyzes sportsmen's attitudes toward their activities, noting the larger social implications of their sporting performances. The thesis also seeks to classify and understand the poems as distinct literary sub-genres. Current sociological insights into angling and hunting help to illustrate the poems' resemblances to one another, particularly Hobson Bryan's concept of "recreational specialization" and Norbert Elias's concept of "tension equilibrium." In providing a systematic survey of the rural sports poetry, this thesis argues that during successive stages of the period, poetry on certain sports came into vogue and then receded from fashion. This followed from historical and political developments but also from literary ones. The poetry on fishing after Izaak Walton's Compleat Angler (1653) maintained a dialogue between pastoral and georgic elements, as the two modes offered scope for the experience of angling. In the eighteenth century, the writers of hunting verse balanced a passion for sport with social and political awareness; hence, they tended to employ the techniques of the prospect view and topographical poetry, intermixing descriptive elements with didactic ones in the georgic mould. As the century progressed, hunting and shooting were either reproved in an increasing number of sentimental poems representing hunters as uncaring and pitiless toward animals or they were celebrated for their gentlemanly values and virtues in the manner of William Somervile's influential poem The Chace (1735) and George Markland's Pteryplegia (1727).

The fishing method of trawling, or dragging, has long been shown to be harmful to a plethora of sea life inhabiting the world?s oceans and inland waterways. Fishing nets scour the seabed, disturbing everything in their path, while usually in search of only one type of bottom-dwelling species. Impacts to the seafloor include a removal of topographic features, disturbance of the upper sediment layers, including deep furrows, as well as physical and chemical changes to sediment morphology. While biological organisms and communities can potentially recover from this destruction, archaeological data cannot. Fishermen have been raising important artifacts in their nets for over a century. These finds have helped archaeologists locate significant sites, but they also have the adverse effect of irreparably damaging these sites. This thesis explores the impacts of bottom trawling on underwater cultural heritage. The methods and gear used by trawlers and their documented effects upon the sea floor are identified. Examples of the types of damage shipwreck sites receive after being impacted by trawling are presented. Instances where fishermen have raised prehistoric artifacts from inundated land sites are also introduced. The fishing and archaeological communities must cooperate to limit further damage to underwater cultural heritage around the globe.