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Orientador: Luiz Eduardo Blumer Rosa / Coorientador: Marianne Spalding / Banca: Suzelei Rodgher / Banca: Natália Cortez Gutierrez / Resumo: O exercício da Odontologia visa garantir higidez e a plena saúde bucal, entretanto, essa nobre atividade implica na geração de resíduos, os quais devem ser devidamente tratados para que sejam minimizados os impactos negativos sobre o meio ambiente e a sociedade. Muitos dos materiais utilizados na Odontologia são potencialmente danosos ao meio ambiente, caso seu descarte não seja realizado da forma correta. Em virtude disto, mostra-se essencial a conscientização dos cirurgiões-dentistas acerca do manejo e descarte recomendado, com vistas a amenizar, senão anular, os efeitos nocivos ao meio ambiente e à população. O descarte inadequado dos resíduos odontológicos acarreta poluição do solo e das águas, tendo consequências imensuráveis. Diante do enorme risco ocasionado pelo descarte inadequado dos resíduos odontológicos, faz-se necessário apurar quais condutas devem ser tomadas com vistas a minimizar tais riscos bem como quais os órgãos competentes para fixar diretrizes e regulamentar o assunto. Primordial é a consciência do dentista, que é o responsável por manusear diretamente os compostos e descartar seus resíduos. Igualmente importantes são a regulamentação e a fiscalização, as quais podem ser desempenhadas, concorrentemente, pelas diferentes esferas de governo. A nível federal, a Anvisa detém competência legal para tratar do assunto, havendo inclusive penalidades para condutas inadequadas. Entretanto, dada a carência de pessoal, a fiscalização federal nem sempre é realizada ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abatracy: The practice of dentistry aims to guarantee hygiene and full oral health, however, this noble activity implies the generation of waste, which must be properly treated in order to minimize negative impacts on the environment and society. Many of the materials used in dentistry are potentially harmful to the environment if their disposal is not performed correctly. Because of this, it is essential to raise the awareness of dentists about the recommended management and disposal, with a view to mitigating, if not annulling, the harmful effects on the environment and the population. Inadequate disposal of dental waste results in pollution of the soil and water, with immeasurable consequences. In view of the enormous risk posed by the inadequate disposal of dental waste, it is necessary to determine which measures should be taken with a view to minimizing such risks as well as which bodies are competent to set guidelines and regulate the subject. Primordial is the awareness of the dentist, who is responsible for handling the compounds directly and discarding their waste. Equally important are regulation and oversight, which can be performed concurrently by different spheres of government. At federal level, Anvisa has legal competence to deal with the matter, including penalties for inappropriate conduct. However, given the shortage of personnel, federal supervision is not always carried out satisfactorily, which is why a greater participation of municipal administrations is fundamental in this process. The present study consisted of a survey carried out with 84 dentists in the city of Guaratinguetá-SP, whose main objective was to verify the destination that was being given to dental developers and dental fixatives, and, in the alternative, also to be aware of the ecological awareness of the participants. At the end of the research, it was identified... / Mestre

Orientadores: Márcio de Moraes, Luciana Asprino / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T03:16:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sato_FabioRicardoLoureiro_D.pdf: 2302649 bytes, checksum: 79991cfb8902f00e046ae324c6bd0664 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O objetivo nesse trabalho foi avaliar a resistência mecânica, a distribuição de tensões e a estabilidade em longo prazo das diversas formas de fixação da osteotomia sagital dos ramos mandibulares (OSRM). No trabalho 1, cinco técnicas de fixação da OSRM foram submetidas a análise de elementos finitos: 3 parafusos bicorticais lineares a 60° e a 90°, 3 parafusos bicorticais em disposição L invertido, 1 miniplaca com 4 parafusos monocorticais convencionais e com sistema de travamento. Pelos resultados obtidos, a disposição em L invertido foi a que apresentou melhor distribuição de tensões, seguido pela linear 90° e 60°. Em relação às miniplacas, as tensões apresentaram melhor distribuição naquela com sistema de travamento se comparada com a convencional. No trabalho 2, foi realizada um análise mecânica, fotoelástica e de elementos finitos da chamada técnica híbrida, comparando-a com a fixação tradicional com três parafusos bicorticais em L invertido e com miniplaca e parafusos monocorticais. A técnica híbrida apresentou resistência intermediária entre os dois sistemas tradicionais de fixação da OSRM, com concentração de tensões principalmente ao redor do parafuso bicortical e melhora da distribuição de tensões na região da miniplaca. No trabalho 3, foi realizada uma análise da estabilidade esquelética de três formas de fixação da OSRM: técnica híbrida, parafusos bicorticais e miniplacas/parafusos monocorticais. Os resultados mostraram não haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre os três grupos, sendo positiva a correlação entre a quantidade de avanço mandibular e a quantidade de recidiva. Pelos resultados obtidos nos trabalhos, pode-se concluir que todas as técnicas avaliadas podem ser empregadas com segurança na fixação da osteomia sagital dos ramos mandibulares / Abstract: The aim of this research was to evaluate the mechanical resistance, stress distribution and long-term stability of fixation techniques of the sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). In the first study, five fixation techniques of the SSRO were submitted to finite element analysis: 3 linear screws 90°, 3 linear screws 60°, 3 screws in inverted L arrangement, conventional and locking miniplate with monocortical screws. The results demonstrated that the bicortical screws in inverted L arrangement presented the best stress distribution, followed by linear 90° and linear 60°. The locking system miniplate presented better stress distribution if compared with conventional miniplate and monocortical screws. In the second study, a mechanical, photoelastic and finite element analysis were performed to the so-called hybrid technique, comparing it with bicortical screws in inverted L arrangement and miniplate with monocortical screws. The hybrid technique had an intermediate mechanical resistance between the two traditional fixation techniques, with high stress concentration around the bicortical screw with improvement in the stress distribution around the miniplate. In the third study, skeletal stability was evaluated of three fixation techniques of the SSRO: the hybrid technique, bicortical screws and miniplates with monocortical screws. The results demonstrated no significant statistically difference between the groups, with a positive correlation between the amount of advancement and relapse. From the results obtained in the research, it is possible to conclude that all fixation techniques could be safely applied to sagital split ramus osteotomy / Doutorado / Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais / Doutor em Clínica Odontológica

Objectives: The aim of this thesis is find out the effect of the intervention compensatory exercise on the function of scapula fixators in older school-age swimmers. Methods: This is a one-factor experiment in which the activity of the scapula fixators will be evaluated by Jandas push-up stereotype, Kolars tilt test and swimming breaststroke. The activity was evaluated by 4 evaluators for observing objectivity. After the first initial evaluation, 8 weeks of interventional compensatory exercise will be started, which will include 9 specific exercises for strengthening scapula fixators. At the end of the experiment, the above tests are again performed to evaluate the activity of the blade fixators. Results: The results showed a significant weakening of the scapula fixators in 97. 14% of the tested elderly-school swimmers at the start of the experiment. After 8 weeks of interventional compensatory exercise, focusing on scapula fixators, the weakening was only present in 11. 43% of swimmers. Key words: Swimming, scapula fixators, elderly school age, compensatory exercise

O presente estudo objetivou comparar biomecanicamente, por meio do ensaio de compressão excêntrica, a resistência dos implantes Clamp and Rod Internal Fixation (CRIF) 5,0 mm versus placa de reconstrução 3,5 mm na fixação de fratura distais de fêmur de cão. Tais implantes foram subdividos em dois grupos, denominados grupo CRIF (GC) e grupo placa (GC). Foram utilizados 22 fêmures de 10 cadáveres de cão entre 2 e 7 anos de idade e peso corporal entre 20 e 40 kg, que foram distribuídos aleatoriamente a serem testados ambos os implantes em cada um dos membros dos pares. Para realização dos testes, foi simulado uma fratura distal nos corpos de prova, através de uma osteotomia de até 0,5 cm, realizada por meio de serra oscilatória, imediatamente proximal ao início da tróclea. Os implantes foram fixados segundo os padrões AOSIF, lateralmente ao fêmur, sendo utilizados três parafusos distais e cinco proximais ao foco de fratura. Foi utilizado o programa de computador PMI para calcular o ponto máximo de resistência antes da falha e avaliadas as variáveis força máxima, deformação máxima real, rigidez, força intermediária e deformação intermediária real. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os GC e GP quantos as variáveis avaliadas / This study aims to compare the biomechanical properties, through eccentric compression test, of the resistance of the 5.0 mm Clamp and Rod Internal Fixation Implants (CRIF) and 3.5 mm reconstruction plate in fixing dog femur distal fracture. Such implants were subdivided into two groups, called CRIF Group (CG) and plate group (CG). It was used 22 femurs from 11 dog cadavers with age between 2 and 7 years old and body weight between 20 and 40 kg, which was randomly assigned to test both implants in each member of the pair. A distal fracture in the specimens with a gap of 0.5 cm osteotomy, it was simulated to perform the test, performed by the oscillating saw, just proximal to the beginning of the trochlea. Bound the distance from the gap to the distal femur limit was equivalent to the distance between the femoral condyles. The implants were fixed by the standards AO / SIF, laterally to the femur, being used three distal screws and five proximal to the fracture site. The bone was placed longitudinally, and the femoral neck coupled to a concave surface simulating an acetabular device. PMI computer program was used to calculate the maximum point of resistance before failure and evaluated the variables maximum strength, real maximum deformation, stiffness, intermediate strength and real intermediate deformation. No statistically significant differences were found between the GC and GP as the variables evaluated

1 ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this thesis is find out the effect of the intervention compensatory exercise on the function of scapula fixators in older school-age swimmers. Methods: This is a one-factor experiment in which the activity of the scapula fixators will be evaluated by Jandas push-up stereotype, Kolars tilt test and swimming breaststroke. The activity was evaluated by 4 evaluators for observing objectivity. After the first initial evaluation, 8 weeks of interventional compensatory exercise will be started, which will include 9 specific exercises for strengthening scapula fixators. At the end of the experiment, the above tests are again performed to evaluate the activity of the blade fixators. Results: The results showed a significant weakening of the scapula fixators in 97.14% of the tested elderly-school swimmers at the start of the experiment. After 8 weeks of interventional compensatory exercise, focusing on scapula fixators, the weakening was only present in 11.43% of swimmers. Key words: Swimming, scapula fixators, elderly school age, compensatory exercise

O presente estudo objetivou comparar biomecanicamente, por meio do ensaio de compressão excêntrica, a resistência dos implantes Clamp and Rod Internal Fixation (CRIF) 5,0 mm versus placa de reconstrução 3,5 mm na fixação de fratura distais de fêmur de cão. Tais implantes foram subdividos em dois grupos, denominados grupo CRIF (GC) e grupo placa (GC). Foram utilizados 22 fêmures de 10 cadáveres de cão entre 2 e 7 anos de idade e peso corporal entre 20 e 40 kg, que foram distribuídos aleatoriamente a serem testados ambos os implantes em cada um dos membros dos pares. Para realização dos testes, foi simulado uma fratura distal nos corpos de prova, através de uma osteotomia de até 0,5 cm, realizada por meio de serra oscilatória, imediatamente proximal ao início da tróclea. Os implantes foram fixados segundo os padrões AOSIF, lateralmente ao fêmur, sendo utilizados três parafusos distais e cinco proximais ao foco de fratura. Foi utilizado o programa de computador PMI para calcular o ponto máximo de resistência antes da falha e avaliadas as variáveis força máxima, deformação máxima real, rigidez, força intermediária e deformação intermediária real. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os GC e GP quantos as variáveis avaliadas / This study aims to compare the biomechanical properties, through eccentric compression test, of the resistance of the 5.0 mm Clamp and Rod Internal Fixation Implants (CRIF) and 3.5 mm reconstruction plate in fixing dog femur distal fracture. Such implants were subdivided into two groups, called CRIF Group (CG) and plate group (CG). It was used 22 femurs from 11 dog cadavers with age between 2 and 7 years old and body weight between 20 and 40 kg, which was randomly assigned to test both implants in each member of the pair. A distal fracture in the specimens with a gap of 0.5 cm osteotomy, it was simulated to perform the test, performed by the oscillating saw, just proximal to the beginning of the trochlea. Bound the distance from the gap to the distal femur limit was equivalent to the distance between the femoral condyles. The implants were fixed by the standards AO / SIF, laterally to the femur, being used three distal screws and five proximal to the fracture site. The bone was placed longitudinally, and the femoral neck coupled to a concave surface simulating an acetabular device. PMI computer program was used to calculate the maximum point of resistance before failure and evaluated the variables maximum strength, real maximum deformation, stiffness, intermediate strength and real intermediate deformation. No statistically significant differences were found between the GC and GP as the variables evaluated

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Vinicius Villas Boas de Brito.pdf: 2268646 bytes, checksum: e949027c863bdba33b474d06d53aaebc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-29 / Six different frames of low cost external skeletal fixators used in veterinary orthopedics were submitted to mechanical evaluation of the axial compression. The apparatuses were separated in two different models, one with wooden connection bars (Pinnus ellioti) and another with PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) connection bars. Tubes of polyvynil chloride (PVC) were used to simulate the bone model. Each model were respresented by frames elaborated in typo Ib configuration, with eight insertion pins (four per fragment/ two per connection bar in each fragment), 12 insertion pins (six per fragment/ three per connections in each fragment) and 16 insertion pins (eight per fragment/ four per connection bar in each fragment). We have employed a universal essay machine, model 4204, Instron, at a two cm/min speed to submit the models to axial compression force tests and thus calculate their stiffness, safety load and yield point. Within the results, stiffness increase with a higher number of insertion pins; significant difference between the two models of connection bars is not detected. Otherwise the strength necessary to promote a one milimeter displacement at the fracture gap (safety load) is higher at the wooden connection bars apparatuses; this value also increases if the number of fixation pins is elevated, except if we compare frames with 12 insertion pins (six per fragment/ three per connections in each fragment) and 16 insertion pins (eight per fragment/ four per connection bar in each fragment). The strength necessary to promote a permanent deformation at the apparatuses (yield point) do not show significant statistic difference. / Foram submetidos ? avalia??o mec?nica de compress?o axial seis diferentes conforma??es de fixadores esquel?ticos externos de baixo custo para aplica??o em ortopedia veterin?ria. Os aparelhos se diferenciavam em dois modelos, um com barras de conex?o de madeira (Pinnus ellioti) e outro com barras de conex?o de resina acr?lica autopolimeriz?vel. Foram utilizados tubos de policloreto de vinila (PVC) para simular os fragmentos ?sseos. Cada modelo possu?a aparelhos montados na configura??o tipo Ib, com oito pinos de inser??o (quatro por fragmento/ dois por barra de conex?o em cada fragmento), 12 pinos de inser??o (seis por fragmento/ tr?s por barra estabilizadora em cada fragmento) e 16 pinos de inser??o (oito por fragmento/ quatro por barra de conex?o em cada fragmento). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos ? for?a de compress?o axial pela m?quina de ensaio universal, modelo 4204, Instron, a velocidade de dois cm/min. Sendo mensurados a rigidez, carga m?xima de seguran?a e o ponto de escoamento. De acordo com os resultados, a rigidez aumenta de forma diretamente proporcional ao incremento no n?mero de pinos de inser??o; n?o ? observada diferen?a significativa entre os dois tipos de barras de conex?o. Por?m o valor de for?a necess?ria para causar um deslocamento de um mil?metro no foco de fratura (carga m?xima de seguran?a) ? mais elevado nos aparelhos com barras de conex?o de madeira; esse valor aumenta tamb?m com o incremento do n?mero de pinos de inser??o, excetuando-se quando se compara aparelhos com 12 pinos de inser??o (seis por fragmento/ tr?s por barra estabilizadora em cada fragmento) e 16 pinos de inser??o (oito por fragmento/ quatro por barra de conex?o em cada fragmento). J? os valores da for?a necess?ria para causar uma deforma??o permanente nos aparelhos (ponto de escoamento) n?o apresentaram diferen?a estatisticamente significativa.

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-85).

Over 13 million adolescents sustain traumatic injuries yearly, resulting in functional disability, disfigurement, psychosocial problems and fractures. These fractures are increasingly being treated with orthopedic external fixation devices (EFDs). The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of traumatically injured adolescents treated with EFDs. The 4 aims of the study focused on the circumstances leading to the traumatic event, experiences following the traumatic event, the impact of EFD treatment, and adolescents’ role in pin-care self-management, which is crucial to preventing infection. This longitudinal, qualitative descriptive study used purposive sampling to recruit 5 male and 4 female adolescents, 13-20 years old, from a New England level-1 trauma center. Participants were injured in motor vehicle crashes (including an all-terrain vehicle), falls, by gunshot, trampoline and football trauma. Interview questions were framed by two themes from a study of adult recovery from physical injury, i.e., the event and fallout. Participants were interviewed within days of the injury, 2 weeks after returning home, and within one month of EFD removal. Data were coded from verbatim transcripts using NVIVO and organized into themes guided by the principles of qualitative analysis. An overarching theme of “old self no more; forever changed” emerged from 26 interviews. The participants’ experience affected all tasks of adolescence: independence from parents, accepting body image, peer relations, and forming an identity. Major themes included “what risk?”, regarding circumstances leading to the traumatic event, mastering the environment, was 2 part first, processing the event, where determining fault and realizing everything has changed, they were ambivalently lucky, and not invincible. Secondly “suck it up and deal with it”, where strategies to deal with traumatic injury emerged (i.e. medication, channeling outlets, and slow caution). EFD experience revealed “Space age robot” and “they’ll do it themselves” as emergent themes. EFDs were described as painless, robotic, no big deal and necessary. One draining pin-site was noted. Findings related to use of self-administered analgesics, information technology, recall of detail, and gender differences in coping may lead to future interventions. These findings lay the groundwork for future studies that may improve care of adolescents during acute recovery from traumatic injury.