Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) and deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) of twenty four thoroughbreds was ultrasonographically evaluated before and during their initial training to determine the effect of exercise on the tendon CSA, texture and echogenicity to characterize the response to training. Ultrasonographic transverse images of the left forelimb were obtained every fifteen days. The SDFT CSA of zones IA and IIIA showed a decrease (p<0.05, f=0.010 e f=0.023 res.) during the breaking and training period and an increase (p< 0.05) of zone IIIC (f=0.039). Evaluating just the training period, SDFT CSA results of zones IA, IIIA and IIIC were similar. The DDFT showed no variation during the breaking phase but when the training phase was evaluated there was a decrease(P<0.05) in zones IA (f=0.006) and IIIA(f=0.006). Evaluating both breaking and training periods the DDFT showed a decrease (P<0.05) in zones IA (f=0.027), IIIA (f=0.0001) and IIIB (f=0.0031). Fiber texture and tendon echogenicity showed no significant difference between breaking and last reading during training. This study failed to provide evidence of ultrasonographic image variations that would indicate adaptation of both SDFT and DDFT to exercise during training of thoroughbred horses. / Vinte e quatro potros Puro Sangue de Corrida (PSC), com dois anos de idade foram avaliados ultra-sonograficamente, durante o período final da doma e início de treinamento, através da imagem transversal dos tendões flexor digital superficial (TFDS) e profundo (TFDP). As avaliações foram realizadas com intervalos de 15 dias. A área transversal (AT), a textura dos ecos e a ecogenicidade dos tendões foram avaliadas nas sete zonas da região metacarpiana através de um programa de mensuração de imagens do próprio aparelho de ultra-sonografia. Durante a doma e treinamento houve diminuição da AT na zona IA e IIIA (p<0,05, f=0,001 e 0,0266 resp.) e aumento da zona IIIC (p< 0,05 f=0,0391) do TFDS. Ao considerar apenas o período do treinamento, o resultado foi semelhante (p<0,05) na zona IA (f=0,010), IIIA (f=0,023) e IIIC (f =0,0391). O TFDP apresentou uma diminuição na AT durante a doma e treinamento nas zonas IA, IIIA e IIIB (p<0,05, f=0,027; f=0,0001 e f=0,0031 resp.) e nas zonas IA e IIIA durante o treinamento (p<0,05, f=0,006 e f=0,006, resp.). No período da doma a AT do TFDP não variou significativamente. A textura dos ecos se manteve homogênea e não houve variação significativa na ecogenicidade dos tendões entre o período da doma e após quatro meses de treinamento. A avaliação quinzenal da AT, textura e ecogenicidade das zonas IA a IIIC dos TFDS e TFDP não apresentou variações ultra-sonográficas que sugerissem adaptação ao regime de exercício ao qual os potros PSC estavam sendo submetidos.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:56:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 berlingieri_ma_me_jabo.pdf: 1229129 bytes, checksum: 914f852c063ecbfa177b5697c287aeef (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Nesta pesquisa foram investigados aspectos anatômicos e biométricos da face flexora dos dígitos de 20 novilhas mestiças da raça Nelore, com idades entre 24 e 36 meses, criadas em sistema extensivo. O material foi proveniente de matadouro sob Fiscalização do Serviço de Inspeção Oficial e mantido sob congelamento a -18°C até o momento da dissecação. Após tricotomia e limpeza das regiões distais ao metacarpo e metatarso, as faces palmar e plantar dos dígitos foram dissecadas in natura e as estruturas anatômicas identificadas e medidas com auxílio de paquímetro universal. As mensurações foram feitas em milímetros (mm) e incluíram o comprimento, a largura e a espessura das estruturas anatômicas digitais. A técnica de dissecação in natura foi considerada útil para a execução deste estudo e as estruturas identificadas e mensuradas incluíram os ligamentos acessórios distais dos paradígitos, ligamentos anulares palmares e plantares, bainha digital tendínea, ligamentos anulares proximais e distais, ligamentos interdigitais distais, tendões flexores digitais superficiais e profundos e a manica flexoria. Os dados biométricos obtidos indicam diferenças (p≤0,05) entre membros, antímeros e dígitos, especialmente nas estruturas anatômicas localizadas distalmente. Devido à escassez de estudos biométricos sobre o assunto, os achados deste trabalho podem servir como valores de referência para a faixa etária de novilhas avaliadas e contribuir em pesquisas morfológicas futuras / In the present work anatomic and biometric studies of the distal aspect in the flexor aspect of digits were carried out for 20 cross-breed heifer of Nelore breed aging around 24-36 months raised in an extensive regiment. The materials came from shamble under the Official Fiscalization of Inspect Service and were kept under freezing at -18°C until dissection. After the clipper and cleaning the distal areas, from metacarpus to metatarsus, the structures were dissected and measured by using a universal caliper rule (mm) on length (proximal-distal), widht (abaxial-axial) and thickness (dorso-palmar or dorso-plantar). The dissected structures included the paradigits distal accessories ligaments, palmar and plantar annular ligaments and tendon digital sheath, proximal and distal annular ligaments, interdigital distal ligament, superficial digital flexor tendon and deep digital flexor tendon and manica flexoria. The measured data indicate differences (p≤0,05) among the limb, right, left and respective digits mainly in the more distal analyzed structures. Due to scarcity of biometric studies about this topic, the data found in this work might be useful as a reference for the analyzed group, as well in the anatomic detailed structures which are essential to understanding many of the pathological process of locomotor apparatus in cattle

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-10-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:39:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 salate_acb_dr_botfm.pdf: 3019127 bytes, checksum: cbb2d9eb05383282d0fb472d53fb21a1 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nas últimas três décadas muitas pesquisas têm sido realizadas com o objetivo de compreender o processo cicatrização dos tendões flexores e ainda hoje, a reabilitação envolve processos complexos e não compreendidos totalmente. As incertezas em colocar a sutura central na face dorsal vascularizada ou na face palmar avascularizada, persistem ainda na prática clínica e nos experimentos das técnicas de reparo dos tendões flexores dos dedos da mão na região da bainha digital. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as propriedades mecânicas e histopatológicas da colocação de um ponto de sutura simples no tendão flexor profundo dos dedos do pé de coelhos, verificando os efeitos na interface sutura-tendão e comparar a colocação deste ponto na região do tendão fibroso, vascularizada e na região do tendão fibrocartilaginoso avascular. Foram estudados 88 coelhos machos divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o local de colocação do ponto de sutura e em mais três subgrupos de acordo com o tempo de seguimento pós- operatório de sete, 14 e 21 dias. O procedimento cirúrgico consistiu na colocação de um único ponto na região de tendão fibroso (Grupo TF) e na região de tecido fibrocartilaginoso (Grupo TFC) no tendão flexor profundo dos dedos do pé do coelho. Em ambos os grupos, os tendões estavam íntegros, sem lesão e os animais permaneceram livres de imobilização. As propriedades mecânicas estudadas foram carga máxima, tensão na carga máxima, módulo de elasticidade, energia na carga máxima e energia por área. Três tendões de cada grupo foram submetidos à análise histológica descritiva por meio de microscopia óptica com ênfase no progresso das etapas da cicatrização tendinosa. A análise das propriedades mecânicas demonstrou comportamento semelhante em ambos... / In the last three decades many studies have been undertaken with the aim of understanding the process of flexor tendon healing and even now, the rehabilitation involves a complex and not fully understood process. The doubts concerning placing the core suture in the vascularized dorsal region than of the palmar avascularized region remain in clinical practice and in the experimental techniques in the repair of flexor tendons of the finger in the digital sheath. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical and histopathologic properties of placing a single suture on the deep flexor tendon in rabbit toes, examining the effects on suture-tendon interface and compare the placement of this point at normal vascularized tendon as well as at the avascular fibrocartilagenous tendon. Eighty-eight male rabbits were studied and divided into two groups according to the local of the point of suture and in three subgroups according to the time of postoperative segment of seven, fourteen and twenty-one days. The surgical procedure was inserting a single point in the region of fibrous tendon (TF Group) and the region of fibrocartilagenous tissue (TFC Group) in deep flexor tendon in rabbit toes. In both groups, the tendons were intact without injury and the animals were allowed free movement. The mechanical properties were maximum load, stress at maximum load, elasticity modulus (Young modulus), energy at maximum load and energy per area. Three tendons from each group were subjected to descriptive histological analysis by an optical microscopy emphasizing the process of tendon healing stages. The analysis of mechanical properties showed similar trend in both groups, with increasing values in accordance with the periods of seven, fourteen and twenty-one days in most of the variables. The control group showed relative similarity than operated group except in TFC twenty one days group that operated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

The thesis " Physiotherapy of soft hand weavings disorders resulting from postneuritic over freight" is bent on weightiest consequence of over freight of hand flexor sinews, which is rupture and on one of weightiest consequences of accident states of sinews, which is transcision. Rupture and transcision of hand flexor sinews is cured in a similar surgical way, by suture and coincident is as well the subsequent alteration postoperative care. The aim of my diploma work that ties on my baccalaureate work, is rounded up from the expert literature, especially the foreign one, researching the information of possibilities and meaning of rehabilitative care in those specific problems and these information then virtually compare with the choice study sample inmates. I hereto directed everything, so as I could in the end answers the questions: what meaning has rehabilitation and whether there is any universal method that could be applied in the appropriate manner. In its experimental parts the diploma work succeeded to prove the evidence, that the rehabilitation holds irreplaceable space in therapy of hand flexor sinews after effected sutures. The study proves the obvious difference in results between the group that passed the rehabilitation therapy and the group that the rehabilitation didn't undergo. The tracked...

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第23122号 / 人健博第84号 / 新制||人健||6(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 黒木 裕士, 教授 青山 朋樹, 教授 松田 秀一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

Flexor tendon repair of the hand and rehabilitation are frequently discussed between hand surgeons and therapists. This is mainly due to the poor outcomes commonly achieved after this type of surgery. There are many patients in public hospitals in South Africa who require flexor tendon repair surgery. They are regularly sent to therapists for rehabilitation, where the early passive motion protocol is commonly implemented. Although the early active motion protocol has yielded improved results globally, there is limited evidence on the comparison of the outcomes of these two protocols in the South African context. The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of an early active motion protocol to the outcomes of an early passive motion protocol in patients with zone II to IV flexor tendon repairs of the hand, attending rehabilitation at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital. The study was a quantitative single-blinded comparative controlled trial. Forty-six patients who sustained a zone II-IV flexor tendon injury were recruited for the study and equally distributed between the two groups (early active motion and early passive motion). Out of these participants, 11 did not return for the initial assessment at four weeks post-surgery and were therefore excluded. There were 19 participants in the early active motion group and 16 participants in the early passive motion group. Results were collected and classified at 4, 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. Data collection took place from December 2014 to January 2016 in the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital Hand Unit. At 12 weeks post-surgery, the total active motion, fingertip to table, and distal palmar crease measurements were similar between the two groups. Tendon rupture occurred in 8.57% (n=3, early active motion = 5.71%, early passive motion = 2.86%) of patients. This study found that there was no difference in outcomes between the two groups. Therefore, either protocol could be implemented in South African public hospitals. However, since the early active motion protocol takes less time to implement, this protocol is recommended. A study with a greater magnitude would be necessary to determine a significant comparison between the two groups; however, this is challenging due to poor patient compliance. / Dissertation (MOccupational Therapy)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Occupational Therapy / MOccupational Therapy / Unrestricted

Purpose: 1, to determine effect of education and exercise on neck pain, disability, cervical posture and muscle function in office workers with sub-clinical neck symptoms; 2, to determine differences in forward head posture in preferred and standardized posture, and 3, to explore the influence of time on work posture in a sub-group of office workers. Subjects: Sixty-six office workers with sub-clinical neck symptoms who utilize computers at least 4 hours per day participated. A sub-group of 27 were videotaped to assess posture over a workday. Methods: Videotaping was performed 15 minutes of the first and last hour of the workday for analysis of the craniovertebral angle. Cervical posture using the CROM was measured on all subjects in standardized and preferred positioning of the trunk and lower extremities. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: education only (EOG), education and exercise (EEG), or control (CG). Pre and post-test measurements of pain (Visual Analog Scale), disability (NeckDisability Index), forward head posture (FHP), and deep cervical flexor muscle function (Craniocervical Flexion Test and Short Neck Flexor Endurance Test) were assessed for change within group as well as differences between groups over the 8 week period. Results: No difference was found for FHP over 8 hours in the subgroup. FHP was greater in preferred position compared to standardized by 7.59 mm (95% CI 6.27-8.92, p<.001). Median and mean scores improved for all 3 groups on pain and disability with greater improvement in intervention groups. FHP was unchanged/slightly worse in the CG and EOG, and improved in the EEG. Muscle function improved for the EEG. Statistical significance was not found for change scores between groups. Posttest scores were statistically significant for the NDI between EEG (20.45) and the CG (34.47), p=.042, and between the EEG and the EOG (34.59), p=.023 using Kruskall Wallis with adjusted significance for pairwise comparisons. Discussion/Conclusions: Posture over the workday did not change, differences were found based on preferred and standardized positions. Exercise and education intervention for those with sub-clinical neck symptoms show promise but did not demonstrate significance improvement over controls in this study.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第21042号 / 人健博第58号 / 新制||人健||4(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 坪山 直生, 教授 黒木 裕士, 教授 松田 秀一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

Muscle fatigue is an intrinsic myoprotective process that prevents damaging ATP depletion during intense or prolonged exercise by limiting ATP demand when ATP production becomes insufficient. One mechanism of fatigue involves a reduction in membrane excitability with the opening of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) and ClC-1 Cl- channels, resulting in submaximal sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release and reduced force generation, but the intracellular signalling pathways for this process is unknown. As a first step toward understanding this process, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that adenosine receptors (ARs) and AMPK trigger fatigue when a metabolic stress occurs during muscular activity. Compared to control conditions, a pan-activation of ARs with 10 µM adenosine and NECA initially reduced the fatigue rate during the first 60 s of a 3 min fatigue bout triggered with 1 tetanic contraction every s. An activation of the A1 adenosine receptor (A1R) with 10 and 20 µM ENBA resulted in faster rate of fatigue; an effect blocked by 5 µM DPCPX, an A1R antagonist. At 10 and 20 µM, adenosine, NECA, and ENBA activated AMPK via an increased in T172 phosphorylation. At 10 µM, MK8722, an AMPK agonist, initially caused a reduction in fatigue rate during the first 60 s followed by an increased fatigue rate during the last 2 min of the fatigue bout. Co-activation of ARs and AMPK did not give rise to either an additive or synergistic effect. FDB from AMPK α1-/- and α2-/- mice had faster fatigue rate and greater increased in unstimulated force compared to FDB from AMPK α1+/+ and α2+/+ mice. It is suggested that ARs and AMPK play a role in the mechanism of fatigue when a metabolic stress develops during muscle activity.

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