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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Identification of Equine Fibrocartilaginous Tendon-Derived Cells That Are Restricted to Chondrogenic Differentiation

Quam, Vivian 04 October 2021 (has links)
No description available.
12

Investigating equine intrasynovial flexor tenocyte-macrophage in-vitro interactions: Insights for immunomodulation during tendon healing

Bowlby, Charles Michael 27 October 2022 (has links)
No description available.
13

Efeito da colocação de um ponto simples em tendão flexor de coelho em região vascularizada e avascularizada : análise da propriedades mecânicas e histopatológicas /

Salate, Ana Claudia Bonome. January 2009 (has links)
Resumo: Nas últimas três décadas muitas pesquisas têm sido realizadas com o objetivo de compreender o processo cicatrização dos tendões flexores e ainda hoje, a reabilitação envolve processos complexos e não compreendidos totalmente. As incertezas em colocar a sutura central na face dorsal vascularizada ou na face palmar avascularizada, persistem ainda na prática clínica e nos experimentos das técnicas de reparo dos tendões flexores dos dedos da mão na região da bainha digital. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as propriedades mecânicas e histopatológicas da colocação de um ponto de sutura simples no tendão flexor profundo dos dedos do pé de coelhos, verificando os efeitos na interface sutura-tendão e comparar a colocação deste ponto na região do tendão fibroso, vascularizada e na região do tendão fibrocartilaginoso avascular. Foram estudados 88 coelhos machos divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o local de colocação do ponto de sutura e em mais três subgrupos de acordo com o tempo de seguimento pós- operatório de sete, 14 e 21 dias. O procedimento cirúrgico consistiu na colocação de um único ponto na região de tendão fibroso (Grupo TF) e na região de tecido fibrocartilaginoso (Grupo TFC) no tendão flexor profundo dos dedos do pé do coelho. Em ambos os grupos, os tendões estavam íntegros, sem lesão e os animais permaneceram livres de imobilização. As propriedades mecânicas estudadas foram carga máxima, tensão na carga máxima, módulo de elasticidade, energia na carga máxima e energia por área. Três tendões de cada grupo foram submetidos à análise histológica descritiva por meio de microscopia óptica com ênfase no progresso das etapas da cicatrização tendinosa. A análise das propriedades mecânicas demonstrou comportamento semelhante em ambos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In the last three decades many studies have been undertaken with the aim of understanding the process of flexor tendon healing and even now, the rehabilitation involves a complex and not fully understood process. The doubts concerning placing the core suture in the vascularized dorsal region than of the palmar avascularized region remain in clinical practice and in the experimental techniques in the repair of flexor tendons of the finger in the digital sheath. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical and histopathologic properties of placing a single suture on the deep flexor tendon in rabbit toes, examining the effects on suture-tendon interface and compare the placement of this point at normal vascularized tendon as well as at the avascular fibrocartilagenous tendon. Eighty-eight male rabbits were studied and divided into two groups according to the local of the point of suture and in three subgroups according to the time of postoperative segment of seven, fourteen and twenty-one days. The surgical procedure was inserting a single point in the region of fibrous tendon (TF Group) and the region of fibrocartilagenous tissue (TFC Group) in deep flexor tendon in rabbit toes. In both groups, the tendons were intact without injury and the animals were allowed free movement. The mechanical properties were maximum load, stress at maximum load, elasticity modulus (Young modulus), energy at maximum load and energy per area. Three tendons from each group were subjected to descriptive histological analysis by an optical microscopy emphasizing the process of tendon healing stages. The analysis of mechanical properties showed similar trend in both groups, with increasing values in accordance with the periods of seven, fourteen and twenty-one days in most of the variables. The control group showed relative similarity than operated group except in TFC twenty one days group that operated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Sérgio Swain Muller / Coorientador: Trajano Sardenberg / Banca: Ivan Chakkour / Banca: Antonio Carlos da Costa / Banca: Gilberto Hiroshi Ohara / Banca: Paulo Roberto de Almeida Silvares / Doutor
14

Nitinol shape memory alloy in flexor tendon repair

Karjalainen, T. (Teemu) 27 November 2012 (has links)
Abstract Early motion is crucial for tendon healing and functional results after flexor tendon repair in the fingers. Motion, however, causes stress in the repair site, which can result in failure of the repair. A flexor tendon repair is made with fine calibre sutures, which sets exceptional requirements for the suture materials used in flexor tendon repair. Nitinol (nickel-titanium alloy) is a shape memory alloy, which can exist in two temperature-dependent forms, soft martensite and stiff austenite. It is possible to fabricate a nitinol wire that is soft and pliable, yet has high tensile strength. It also has excellent biocompatibility. Therefore, it is a potential candidate flexor tendon repair suture material. This study evaluates biomechanical aspects of martensite nitinol wire as a flexor tendon repair suture material. The study hypothesis was that nitinol wire improves the strength of the repairs compared with the repairs made with conventional suture materials. It was found that nitinol core repairs and circumferential repairs performed significantly better when compared with repairs made with commonly used braided polyester and polypropylene of equal calibre. To further optimise the performance of the nitinol wire in tendon surgery, two experimental models were developed to study the suture-tendon interface. The aim was to prevent pull-out of the suture loop so that surgeons could have full advantage of the tensile strength of the nitinol suture. First, it was tested whether it is possible to improve the suture’s ability to grip the tendon tissue by changing the suture type from monofilament to multifilament. Multifilament suture loops reached higher pull-out strength when compared with round monofilament loops when a locking loop was used. Subsequently, the grip of four different previously reported core repair loops was tested. Based on their failure mechanism, two novel loops were developed. The novel loops demonstrated superior ability to grip the tendon. The novel loops can be useful with high tensile strength suture materials and in repairs, which are prone to suture pull-out. / Tiivistelmä Varhainen korjauksen jälkeinen aktiivinen kuntoutus on osoittautunut hyödylliseksi jänteen paranemiselle. Varhainen liike altistaa korjauksen kuormitukselle, joka voi johtaa korjauksen pettämiseen. Korjaukset tehdään ohuilla langoilla. Tämä asettaa erityisiä vaatimuksia jännekorjauksessa käytettävälle ommelainemateriaalille. Nikkeli-titaani (nitinoli) on nk. muistimetalli. Sillä on kaksi lämpötilariippuvaista muotoa: pehmeä martensiitti ja jäykkä austeniitti. Nitinolista voidaan valmistaa ohutta pehmeää ja taipuisaa lankaa, jonka vetolujuus on suuri. Nitinolin siedettävyys jännekudoksessa on todettu hyväksi, minkä vuoksi se on lupaava materiaali käytettäväksi jännekorjauksissa. Tässä tutkimuksessa kokeiltiin martensiittisen nitinolilangan käyttöä jänteen ydinompeleena ja pintaompeleena. Olettamuksena oli, että nitinolilangalla saadaan kestävämpiä korjauksia kuin nykyään käytössä olevilla langoilla. Tulosten mukaan nitinolilangalla tehdyt korjaukset olivat kestävämpiä, kun niitä verrattiin saman paksuiseen punottuun polyesteriin ja polypropyleeniin. Lisäksi kehitimme kaksi mallia, joiden tarkoituksena oli parantaa nitinolilankasilmukan pitoa jännekudoksesta. Tarkoituksena oli löytää keinoja, joilla langan otetta jännekudoksesta voidaan parantaa ja langan hyvät vetolujuusominaisuudet pääsevät oikeuksiinsa. Ensin muutimme langan muotoa perinteisestä yksisäikeisestä pyöreästä monisäikeiseen muotoon. Monisäikeisen langan läpileikkausvoima oli huomattavasti suurempi kuin yksisäikeisen pyöreän langan. Ero oli havaittavissa vain, kun käytettiin lukitsevaa silmukkaa. Tämän jälkeen testasimme neljän perinteisesti käytetyn korjaustekniikan silmukan pitokykyä ja tulosten perusteella kehitimme kaksi uutta silmukkaa. Työssä kehitetyt silmukat pitivät kiinni jänteestä huomattavasti paremmin kuin perinteiset silmukat. Työssä kehitetyillä silmukoilla voidaan optimoida vahvojen ommelainemateriaalien suorituskyky jännekirurgiassa.
15

Cyclic tensile tests of Shetland pony superficial digital flexor tendons (SDFTs) with an optimized cryo-clamp combined with biplanar high-speed fluoroscopy

Wagner, Franziska Carolin, Reese, Sven, Gerlach, Kerstin, Böttcher, Peter, Mülling, Christoph K. W. 05 March 2022 (has links)
Background: Long-term cyclic tensile testing with equine palmar/plantar tendons have not yet been performed due to problems in fixing equine tendons securely and loading them cyclically. It is well established that the biomechanical response of tendons varies during cyclic loading over time. The aim of this study was to develop a clamping device that enables repetitive cyclic tensile testing of equine superficial digital flexor tendon for at least 60 loading cycles and for 5 min. Results: A novel cryo-clamp was developed and built. Healthy and collagenase-treated pony SDFTs were mounted in the custom-made cryo-clamp for the proximal tendon end and a special clamping device for the short pastern bone (os coronale). Simultaneously with tensile testing, we used a biplanar high-speed fluoroscopy system (FluoKin) to track tendon movement. The FluoKin system was additionally validated in precision measurements. During the cyclic tensile tests of the SDFTs, the average maximal force measured was 325 N and 953 N for a length variation of 2 and 4 % respectively. The resulting stress averaged 16 MPa and 48 MPa respectively, while the modulus of elasticity was 828 MPa and 1212 MPa respectively. Length variation of the metacarpal region was, on average, 4.87 % higher after incubation with collagenase. The precision of the FluoKin tracking was 0.0377 mm, defined as the standard deviation of pairwise intermarker distances embedded in rigid bodies. The systems accuracy was 0.0287 mm, which is the difference between the machined and mean measured distance. Conclusion: In this study, a good performing clamping technique for equine tendons under repetitive cyclic loading conditions is described. The presented cryo-clamps were tested up to 50 min duration and up to the machine maximal capacity of 10 kN. With the possibility of repetitive loading a stabilization of the time-force-curve and changes of hysteresis and creep became obvious after a dozen cycles, which underlines the necessity of repetitive cyclical testing. Furthermore, biplanar high-speed fluoroscopy seems an appropriate and highly precise measurement tool for analysis of tendon behaviour under repetitive load in equine SDFTs.
16

Early Cellular Influence of BMP12, Compared to BMP2, on Equine Superficial Digital Flexor Tenocytes and Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro

Murray, Shannon J. 03 September 2009 (has links)
No description available.
17

Patient compliance and spontaneous movements while following an early active motion protocol after a flexor tendon repair

Saleeba, Elizabeth Constance January 2010 (has links)
Compliance to strict home exercise programs is understood to be a mainstay of post-surgical flexor tendon rehabilitation. Therapists recognise the potential of poor compliance (overuse or under-use of prescribed exercise) and spontaneous movements during rehabilitation. Some therapists may suggest that compliance to specific exercise regimens and control of spontaneous or general movements are fundamentally important in optimising the rehabilitation outcomes and minimising the potential of adverse events. Yet there is little objective data to document the actual levels of exercise or spontaneous finger movement performed outside the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to document both diary and instrumented methods of reporting finger movement during a 48hr period. Following surgical repair of the flexor tendon, subjects attending a private hand therapy clinic provided consent and reported subjective diary (n=16) data of sets and repetitions of exercise for up to 6 weeks post-operatively. Nine subjects also had instrumented data logged on 3 occasions during the first 6 weeks of rehabilitation and were not fully aware of the purpose of the instrumentation. All subjects were instructed to perform 10 passive followed by 10 active exercises every waking hour, for the first 6 weeks and were assessed on range of motion, DASH, pain and strength. Results demonstrated that patients reported, via their diaries, that they are on average 80% compliant. Parallel data logger information suggests that this figure is more likely to reflect 50% compliance. A significant (p< .05) increase in spontaneous movements in the last 2 weeks of the 6 week assessment period was detected. No significant correlation between patient's level of compliance or spontaneous movement and their outcome were detected.
18

Digital goniometer : Ett mätverktyg för att effektivisera rehabilitering efter böjsenskada / Digital Goniometer : A Measurement Tool to Streamline Rehabilitation After Flexor Tendon Injury

Almstedt, Lisa, Wahlin, Maja January 2023 (has links)
Mellan år 2020 och år 2021 registrerades 381 operationer av böjsenskador i Sverige. Rehabiliteringsprocessen efter en böjsenskada är lång och kräver kontinuerlig uppföljning. Uppföljningen sker genom mätningar av böj- och sträckförmågan i de fingrar som patienten opererat. Mätningarna utförs i nuläget manuellt med goniometer, där vinklarna i fingrarnas leder mäts, en gång per vecka på en handkirurgisk mottagning. Handkirurgiska kliniken på Södersjukhuset i Stockholm efterfrågade ett digitalt mätverktyg som skulle göra det möjligt för patienten att på ett tillförlitligt sätt mäta vinklarna hemma i stället för på kliniken. Målet med projektet var således att skapa ett mätverktyg som mäter vinklarna med ett mätfel på högst 5 grader. Ett mätverktyg utvecklades som utför mätning av vinklar med hjälp av en bild användaren tagit. Mätverktyget är kompatibelt med Androidenheter och kan implementeras i en redan existerande Androidapplikation. Tester visade att mätverktyget har ett mätfel med ett medelvärde på 5 grader eller lägre för proximala interfalangealleden och distala interfalangealleden. Vidare var medelfelet 7,3 grader respektive 6,4 grader för metakarpofalangealleden vid böjt respektive sträckt finger, samt 10 grader för totalt aktivt rörelseomfång (total active motion). / Between 2020 and 2021, 381 operations for flexor tendon injuries were registered in Sweden. The rehabilitation following surgery is long and requires continuous monitoring. Presently the monitoring is done through manual measurements of the patients flexing and extending capability of the fingers affected. The measurement is performed at a hand surgery department with a handheld goniometer, initially once a week. The hand surgery department at Södersjukhuset in Stockholm requested a digital tool that allows the patient to reliably measure the angles of the fingers bending and stretching capability at home instead of at the clinic. The objective of the project was therefore to create a measurement tool that measures these angles with a maximum error of 5 degrees. A measurement tool was developed where the measurement of angles takes place from an image taken by the user. The measurement tool is compatible with Android devices and can be implemented in an existing Android application. Tests showed that the measurement tool has a mean measurement error of 5 degrees or less for the proximal interphalangeal joint and the distal interphalangeal joint. In addition, the mean error was 7.3 degrees and 6.4 degrees for the metacarpophalangeal joint, bent and stretched respectively, and 10 degrees for total active motion.
19

Fluoreszenzkinematografische Untersuchung zur Sehnendehnbarkeit an der equinen oberflächlichen Beugesehne

Wagner, Franziska C. 04 February 2022 (has links)
Einleitung: Die oberflächliche Beugesehne (OBS) ist die am häufigsten verletzte Struktur des Bewegungsapparates von Pferden. Verletzungen der OBS verursachen ökonomische Einbußen im Pferdesport, sind unter Tierschutzaspekten hochrelevant und sind gekennzeichnet von langen Rekonvaleszenzzeiten von 9--18 Monaten und einer Wiederverletzungsrate von bis zu 80 %. Um Sehnenverletzungen, deren Heilung und den Therapieerfolg zu detektieren, bedarf es grundlegender Kenntnisse der Sehnenbiomechanik. Zur Anwendung kommende Messmethoden sollten idealerweise hochpräzise, minimalinvasiv und über einen längeren Zeitraum einsetzbar sein. Bislang etablierte Methoden genügen diesen Ansprüchen nur teilweise. Daher soll biplanare Hochfrequenz-Fluoreszenz-Kinematografie (FluoKin) als aktueller Goldstandard für Bewegungsstudien auf ihren Einsatz an equinen Sehnengewebe geprüft werden. Ziele der Untersuchungen waren es daher, 1) die Messgenauigkeit von FluoKin zu bestimmen und hinsichtlich Dehnbarkeitsmessungen equiner OBS zu evaluieren, 2) eine Technik zur Nutzung von FluoKin (3D-Röntgenmethode) zu finden, um die Bewegung eines Weichteilgewebes im Röntgenvideo zu visualisieren, 3) diese Methodik in zyklischen Zugprüfversuchen mit gesunden und Kollagenase-geschädigten OBS ex vivo zu prüfen und dafür eine geeignete Haltevorrichtung für die Sehnen zu entwickeln, 4) in einem Pilotversuch die Technik in vivo zu übertragen und in wiederkehrenden Messserien die Dehnung von gesundem, verletztem und heilendem Sehnengewebe zu messen. Tiere, Material und Methoden: Die Präzisionsmessungen wurden mit einem maßgefertigten Testplättchen und einer gefrorenen distalen Vordergliedmaße (VGlm) jeweils statisch (1976 und 5473 Bilder) und in Bewegung (2816 und 5021 Bilder) durchgeführt. Die Sehnenhaltevorrichtung inkl. Kryo-Klemme wurde neben dem Einsatz in der Ex-vivo-Studie zusätzlich Langzeittests (bis 50 min) und Rupturversuchen bis 10 kN (Maschinenlimit) unterzogen. Im Rahmen der Ex-vivo-Zugprüfversuche wurden 13 OBS von VGlm in Schritt (2 %)- und Trab (4 %)-simulierender Dehnung zyklisch getestet. Vier weitere Proben wurden mit Kollagenase inkubiert und inkl. einer Kontrollgruppe (n=4) bei 6 % getestet. Die biomechanischen Kenngrößen wurden von der Zugprüfmaschine erfasst und anhand der Bewegung von implantierten, röntgendichten Markern in zeitgleich aufgenommenen FluoKin-Videos errechnet. In der In-vivo-Langzeitstudie (37 Wochen) wurde in vier FluoKin-Messungen das Dehnverhalten der OBS beider VGlm eines Shetland Ponys in Schritt und Trab ermittelt. Vor der zweiten FluoKin-Messung wurde im mittleren metakarpalen Segment einer OBS eine Sehnenläsion mit Kollagenase induziert, deren Heilungsverlauf verfolgt wurde. Die Ergebnisbeschreibung erfolgte sowohl deskriptiv als auch bei entsprechender Stichprobengröße mit t-Tests (p<0,05). Ergebnisse: In Präzisionsmessungen wurden sowohl die Messgenauigkeit der FluoKin-Anlage (max. Exaktheit von 0,0287 mm ± 0,0377 mm), als auch die zu erwartende Standardabweichung in der studienrelevanten Region (Os metacarpale III, OBS) ermittelt. Im Rahmen der Ex-vivo-Zugprüfversuche wurde eine Haltevorrichtung inkl. Kryo-Klemme für equine OBS entwickelt, welche Probleme herkömmlicher Einspanntechniken zuverlässig löst. Erstmals konnten biomechanische Kenngrößen für die OBS von Shetland Ponys ermittelt werden. Im Mittel konnten abhängig von der Dehnungsrate (simulierter Schritt und Trab) eine Maximalkraft von 325 bzw. 953 N, eine Zugfestigkeit von 1649 bzw. 4820 N/cm² und ein Elastizitätsmodul von 828 bzw. 1212 MPa verzeichnet werden. Nach Inkubation mit Kollagenase stieg die Längenänderung im Mittel um 4,87 %. In vivo konnte die Dehnungszunahme der geschädigten OBS im Schritt bestätigt werden (2,86 % auf 3,38 %); im Trab zeigte sich hingegen ein Abfall (6,78 % auf 5,96 %). Schlussfolgerungen: FluoKin wurde als hochpräzise und minimalinvasive Messtechnik zur Ermittlung der Sehnendehnung equiner OBS ex vivo und erstmals in vivo erfolgreich eingesetzt. Dank der neu entwickelten Haltevorrichtung inkl. Kryo-Klemme konnten langandauernde Ex-vivo-Zugprüfversuche durchgeführt werden. Hierbei zeigten sich Änderungen des Dehnverhaltens der OBS (Konditionierung, Hysterese, Kriechphänomen), was die Notwendigkeit solcher Versuche für die Beschreibung des biomechanischen Verhaltens von Sehnen verdeutlicht. Der In-vivo-Pilotversuch unterstreicht die Bedeutung von FluoKin für innovatives und hochpräzises Monitoring von Sehnenläsionen in Langzeitstudien.:1 Einleitung 2 Literaturübersicht 2.1 Sehnengewebe 2.1.1 Histologischer und molekularer Aufbau 2.1.2 Biomechanik 2.1.3 Einflüsse auf die Sehnenstruktur und -zusammensetzung 2.2 Tendinopathien der oberflächlichen Beugesehne 2.2.1 Ätiologie 2.2.2 Heilung 2.3 Möglichkeiten zur Bestimmung der Sehnendehnbarkeit 2.3.1 Ex-vivo-Zugprüfversuche mit Sehnen 2.3.2 In-vivo-Ermittlung der Sehnendehnbarkeit 2.4 Zentrale Fragestellungen 3 Publikation 1 Zyklische Zugprüfversuche mit einer neuartigen Kryo-Klemme an oberflächlichen Beugesehnen von Shetland Ponys kombiniert mit biplanarer Hochfrequenz-Fluoreszenz-Kinematografie 4 Publikation 2 Biplanare Hochfrequenz-Fluoreszenz-Kinematografie an der oberflächlichen Beugesehne eines Shetland Ponys – eine In-vivo-Pilotstudie 5 Diskussion 5.1 Diskussion von Material und Methoden 5.1.1 Ermittlung der Messgenauigkeit von FluoKin 5.1.2 Verwendetes Tiermaterial 5.1.3 Implantationstechnik für Sehnenmarker 5.1.4 Aufbau der Ex-vivo-Zugprüfversuche 5.2 Bestimmung der Sehnendehnbarkeit mit FluoKin 5.2.1 Sehnendehnung ex vivo und in vivo in nativem Sehnengewebe 5.2.2 Sehnendehnung ex vivo und in vivo in Kollagenase-geschädigtem Sehnengewebe 5.3 Schlussfolgerungen und Ausblick 5.3.1 Praktische und klinische Relevanz 5.3.2 Fazit und Perspektiven 6 Zusammenfassung 7 Summary 8 Literaturverzeichnis 9 Anhang 9.1 Bauplan des Messplättchens zur Genauigkeitsbestimmung von FluoKin 9.2 Baupläne der Einspanntechnik für Zugprüfversuche mit equinen OBS 9.2.1 Kronbeinhalterung 9.2.2 Kryo-Klemmen 9.3 Genauigkeit von biplanaren Fluoroskopie-Systemen in Abhängigkeit des Versuchsaufbaus 9.4 Lagerungseinflüsse auf biomechanische Eigenschaften von Sehnengewebe 9.5 Vorträge und Präsentationen während der Doktorarbeitszeit / Introduction: The superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) is the most frequently injured structure of the musculoskeletal system of horses. Injuries of the SDFT are relevant under animal welfare aspects, cause substantial economic losses in equestrian sport and are associated by long convalescence times of 9 to 18 months and a re-injury rate of up to 80 %. In order to detect tendon injuries, improve their healing and the success of therapy, fundamental knowledge of tendon biomechanics is required. The measurement methods to be used should ideally be highly precise, minimally invasive and applicable over a long period of time. So far, established methods only partially meet these requirements. Therefore, biplanar high-speed fluoroscopic kinematography (FluoKin) as the current gold standard for movement studies will be tested for its use on equine tendon tissue Aims of the study were therefore 1) to determine the measurement accuracy and precision of FluoKin and to evaluate it with regard to measurements on the equine SDFT, 2) to find a technique for using FluoKin (a 3D X-ray method) for visualizing the movement of a soft tissue in X-ray video, 3) to test this methodology in cyclic tensile tests with healthy and collagenase-incubated SDFT ex vivo and to develop a suitable holding device for the tendons in the testing machine, 4) to transfer the technique in an in vivo pilot study on a pony and to measure the elongation of healthy, injured and healing tendon tissue in measurement series. Materials and Methods: Precision measurements were performed with a custom-made test sheet and a frozen distal forelimb static (1976 and 5473 frames) and in motion (2816 and 5021 frames) resp. The tendon holding device with a cryo-clamp was subjected to long-term cyclic tests (up to 50 min) and rupture tests up to 10 kN (machine limit) in addition to its use in the ex vivo study. As part of the ex vivo tensile testing, 13 SDFT of forelimbs were cyclically tested in walk (2 % strain) and trot (4 % strain) simulated elongation. Four additional specimens were incubated with collagenase and tested including a control group (n=4) at 6 % strain. Biomechanical parameters were recorded by the testing machine and calculated from the movement of implanted radiopaque markers in simultaneously recorded FluoKin videos. In the in vivo long-term study (37 weeks) the strain behaviour of the SDFT of both forelimbs of a Shetland pony at walk and trot were determined in four FluoKin measurements. Before the second FluoKin measurement, a tendon lesion was induced with collagenase in the mid-metacarpal segment of one SDFT, and its healing process was monitored. The description of the results was done both descriptively and, with an appropriate sample size, with t-tests (p<0.05). Results: Measurements to assess the precision of both the FluoKin system (max. accuracy of 0.0287 mm ± 0.0377 mm) and the standard deviation to be expected in the region relevant to the study (Os metacarpale III, SDFT). For the ex vivo tensile tests, a holding device with a cryo-clamp for equine SDFT was developed that reliably solved problems of conventional clamping techniques. For the first time, biomechanical parameters for the SDFT of Shetland ponies could be determined. On average, depending on the strain rate (simulated walk and trot), a maximum force of 325 N and 953 N resp., a tensile strength of 1649 N/cm² and 4820 N/cm² resp. and a modulus of elasticity of 828 MPa and 1212 MPa resp. was recorded. After incubation with collagenase, the change in length increased by an average of 4.87 %. In vivo, this increased elongation of the collagenase-injured SDFT could be confirmed at walk (2.86 % to 3.38 %); in contrast, a decrease in strain was observed at trot (6.78 % to 5.96 %). Conclusions: FluoKin was successfully used as a highly precise and minimally invasive measurement technique to determine the tendon strain of equine SDFT ex vivo and for the first time also in vivo. Thanks to the newly developed holding device with a cryo-clamp, long-term ex vivo tensile tests could be carried out and changes in the strain behaviour of the SDFT became apparent (conditioning, hysteresis, creep). This shows the necessity of such tests for the description of the biomechanical behaviour of tendons. The in vivo pilot study underlines the importance of FluoKin for innovative and highly accurate monitoring of tendon lesions in long-term studies.:1 Einleitung 2 Literaturübersicht 2.1 Sehnengewebe 2.1.1 Histologischer und molekularer Aufbau 2.1.2 Biomechanik 2.1.3 Einflüsse auf die Sehnenstruktur und -zusammensetzung 2.2 Tendinopathien der oberflächlichen Beugesehne 2.2.1 Ätiologie 2.2.2 Heilung 2.3 Möglichkeiten zur Bestimmung der Sehnendehnbarkeit 2.3.1 Ex-vivo-Zugprüfversuche mit Sehnen 2.3.2 In-vivo-Ermittlung der Sehnendehnbarkeit 2.4 Zentrale Fragestellungen 3 Publikation 1 Zyklische Zugprüfversuche mit einer neuartigen Kryo-Klemme an oberflächlichen Beugesehnen von Shetland Ponys kombiniert mit biplanarer Hochfrequenz-Fluoreszenz-Kinematografie 4 Publikation 2 Biplanare Hochfrequenz-Fluoreszenz-Kinematografie an der oberflächlichen Beugesehne eines Shetland Ponys – eine In-vivo-Pilotstudie 5 Diskussion 5.1 Diskussion von Material und Methoden 5.1.1 Ermittlung der Messgenauigkeit von FluoKin 5.1.2 Verwendetes Tiermaterial 5.1.3 Implantationstechnik für Sehnenmarker 5.1.4 Aufbau der Ex-vivo-Zugprüfversuche 5.2 Bestimmung der Sehnendehnbarkeit mit FluoKin 5.2.1 Sehnendehnung ex vivo und in vivo in nativem Sehnengewebe 5.2.2 Sehnendehnung ex vivo und in vivo in Kollagenase-geschädigtem Sehnengewebe 5.3 Schlussfolgerungen und Ausblick 5.3.1 Praktische und klinische Relevanz 5.3.2 Fazit und Perspektiven 6 Zusammenfassung 7 Summary 8 Literaturverzeichnis 9 Anhang 9.1 Bauplan des Messplättchens zur Genauigkeitsbestimmung von FluoKin 9.2 Baupläne der Einspanntechnik für Zugprüfversuche mit equinen OBS 9.2.1 Kronbeinhalterung 9.2.2 Kryo-Klemmen 9.3 Genauigkeit von biplanaren Fluoroskopie-Systemen in Abhängigkeit des Versuchsaufbaus 9.4 Lagerungseinflüsse auf biomechanische Eigenschaften von Sehnengewebe 9.5 Vorträge und Präsentationen während der Doktorarbeitszeit

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