Orientador: Miguel de la Puente / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-19T09:09:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_MariaLuciaRochaDuartede_D.pdf: 9660251 bytes, checksum: 870f3e722bdfd18ac71df7cafb853631 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1976 / Resumo: O presente trabalho oferece os resultados de estudo elaborado em duas etapas, sobre um mesmo tema, em um dupla abordagem e que traduzem dois momentos significativos da evolução ou "revolução" intelectual por que passou quem o empreendeu. O estudo inicial foi colocado sob o foco de uma tentativa de evidenciar os determinantes da gênese psico-pedagógica de uma atitude disciplinada, com vista a oportunizar uma postura desejável de maneira a se obter aquele comportamento coletivo que constitui a expectativa dos que planejam e executam as tarefas formativas da educação, em uma instituição de ensino. Analisaram-se os componentes envolvidos na dimensão da "atitude disciplinada", com a finalidade de se identificarem as diferentes "categorias" de indisciplina, com base em seus indicadores, dentro do processo educativo, tendo em vista seus agentes mais próximos: o aluno, sua família e a escola, como organização, sob o prisma da administração escolar. Esta foi a primeira abordagem, vivenciada em 1973 e 1974. Este trabalho exigiu muito esforço e recursos materiais que só se justificam pela "evolução", ou melhor, pela "revolução" realizada na presente tese e no próprio redimensionamento das tarefas nesta área, que significativamente passaram a se constituírem em um segundo momento, como se verá logo a seguir. A segunda etapa desenvolveu-se redimensionamento da primeira abordagem. teve, através do trabalho realizado, foi ação de "disciplina-indisciplina" evidenciava com vistas a um A sensação que se a de que a concebe uma visão inadequada por parte daqueles envolvidos no "processo formativo", do qual a "atitude disciplinada" é resultado e não caminho. Partiu-se de várias "crenças". A disciplina envolve-se e identifica-se com todas as formas de expectativas desejáveis, apontadas carno meta de ação educativa. Ainda mais: disciplina não se impõe, propõe-se; não se exige, espera-se; não se cobra, recebe-se. A disciplina não pode ser considerada c_ mo um "produto final acabado" e estático, nem como um "estereótipo" que pune as violações dos códigos de posturas sociais. Com base nestes pressupostos, disciplina não é meio, nem instrumental, nem condição prévia, e sim um resultado, cuja essência se traduz melhor ao se concebê-la como processo em continuidade, gradativo e progressivo. Sendo processo ela nunca termina: acompanha o devir dos indivíduos. É um exercício pessoal que se inicia na infância, sofre os percalços da anomia, passa pelas deformações da heteronomia, para ganhar o redimensionamento da autonomia consciente e responsável. Considerando-se a escola, disciplina envolve os determinantes significativos e inconscientes do psiquismo de cada aluno, de cada professor, de cada funcionário, de cada pai, de todos os "ool61as" em uma interação "sui generis", difícil de ser enquadrada nos parâmetros organizacionais do "sistema normativo" vigente. As reflexões que brotaram do trabalho empreendido configuraram a necessidade de se pensar profundamente na proposição e redimensionamento da organização escolar, na qual se coloca a exigência de condições propícias ao estabelecimento de um modelo participativo, que possibilite a toda unida de escolar gerar sua própria força de condução. Na escola, como uma instituição social, não se d_ ve conceber a existência de uma única autoridade, que resolva administra-la, sem atentar para as muitas repercussões de sua atuação, pois há todo um processo de interação envolvendo as mútuas reações dos comportamentos dos indivíduos. Acontece, porém que a convivência e o relacionamento entre os que compõem uma organização é um problema delicado e difícil: há diferenças entre os indivíduos, muitas vezes traduzidas em hostilidades de professores contra profess2 res, funcionários contra funcionários, alunos contra alunos, motivadas por divergências em torno de toda sorte de problemas (posições filosóficas, políticas, pedagógicas,etc.), tentando cada indivíduo ou grupo demonstrar ou desacertos do comportamento do outro. Esta foi a "evolução" porque passou a autora desta tese, que confessa sua perplexidade diante de dados quantitativos, anteriormente recolhidos: "está faltando algo" na unidade escolar, identificável com o próprio processo formativo que transcende as limitações de qualquer concepção restrita de disciplina, para fazê-la coincidir com a própria vida de todos, em uma realidade totalizante e abrangente, que deve ser a escola, sem descontinuidade, mas colocada na vida de cada um como apenas uma etapa, entre muitas, do grande treino para a democracia; e este foi o clímax a que se chegou. Daí surgiu a necessidade de se pensar em uma organização e colar capaz de ensejar uma nova dimensão da atitude disciplinada, naturalmente com o embasamento de algum corpo doutrinário. Pensou-se, pois, em proporcionar uma contribuição nesse sentido. Para tal, resolveu-se encetar essa seguida etapa do trabalho, isto é, pesquisar princípios de organização que satisfizessem tal propósito / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências

Administrative reform as we have known it has been constrained by the ontological and epistemological premises and assumptions of Newtonian physics and the positivism of the early behavioral sciences, leaving constructs vital to a democratic polity impoverished and problematized by power inequities and distorted communication. If public administration could be liberated from those ontological limits through adoption of concepts from the new sciences - quantum theory, chaos theory, complexity theory, and today's ecological sciences - it might be possible to restore to the practices of citizenship and governance appropriate institutional structures which will preserve and nurture them. This dissertation develops lessons and activities pertinent to the practices of citizenship and governance drawn from the life work of John Dewey and Mary Parker Follett - lessons clarified by the premises and assumptions of the new sciences and activities congruent with those lessons. This dissertation is comprised of four broad components: a history of administrative reform as told through the literatures of the fields of public administration and public space philosophy; a history of science in two parts - the development of classical science and the development of the new sciences - from which defining ontological and epistemological characteristics of each are abstracted; case studies from American history that demonstrate the influence of classical science on political and social thought and action; and lessons and activities for public administration and its practitioners, framed in the context of the new sciences, drawn from the life work of John Dewey and Mary Parker Follett. The argument this dissertation makes is twofold. First, it is argued that, given the pervasiveness of the influence of modern thought in American society, it is unlikely that early reformers could have conceptualized administrative structure differently than they did. The modern worldview still dominates our thinking, despite the new understandings of how the world works that are available to us now. The second argument is that it is possible, if we choose to do so, to overcome the modern worldview and the structure it imposes on how we think and act, and that this could lead to alternative practices for public administration. The lessons that are our heritage from Dewey and Follett, and from the traditionalists of our own field, if viewed through the lens of the new sciences, resonate with the ontological perspectives of those sciences and provide a starting point for a reconceptualization of democratic administrative practice. / Ph. D.

On September 11, 2001, terror attacks in New York City, Washington, DC and Somerset County, Pennsylvania, initiated a new global awareness and fear among citizens of the United States as well as others around the world. In this context of a flattening and fearful world described by Thomas Friedman in his two post 9/11 books, organizational communication has been responding to and participating within a widening scope of change and fear. In recognizing this tumultuous time, there's a desire to find a constructive way forward and to consider possible theorists from other historical moments who might guide our way. This dissertation examines the life and work of Mary Parker Follett who offers meaningful insight for ethical practice in such a time as this within organizational communication.<br> Follett's life can be understood through both her experiences and her writing along with the frameworks and trajectory that created context for her writing. In chapter two, a biographical sketch makes connections between the significance of Follett's work and the timeline and people of her life. The chapter looks at four sections. The first section features her early years and life in Quincy, Massachusetts, just outside of Boston. The second section looks at Follett's engagement at Cambridge with the Harvard Annex. The third section explores her work with neighborhood center movements, rooted in Boston's Roxbury neighborhood, but eventually taking Follett into a larger national scene. The last section looks at Follett's engagement with marketplace realities on both sides of the Atlantic that takes the narrative up to her abrupt death in 1933.<br> Chapter three explores the historical moment through six primary philosophical movements. Following in the tradition of Mary Parker Follett who moved across academic discipline boundaries, the chapter pulls from a variety of academic perspectives including philosophy, sociology, economics, politics and religion. Beginning with postmodernity, the chapter also looks at feminism and postcolonialism as broader critiques within the field of organizational communication. Lastly, post-industrialism, post-Christendom and post-Americanism, which are situated in particular fields and contexts, are explored as manifestations of the other movements. Underlying all of these areas is Thomas Friedman's assertion from his books that the world has become increasingly interconnected and accessible.<br> Chapter 4 explores Follett's writing along with the fusion of horizon with organizational communication. Mary Parker Follett was a Gestalt theory advocate believing that there was an invitation to understand things as a whole without diminishing the parts. The dissertation explores both the parts and whole of Follett's work.<br> The books and posthumously published lectures offer a glimpse of her life and engagement. Follett's first book The Speaker of the House of Representatives was published when she was a student in 1898. The second book The New State was published in 1918 in the midst of the Great War. The third book Creative Experience arrived six years later. Two posthumous books were published in the 40s: Dynamic Administration and Freedom and Coordination. These mostly featured her late-in-life lectures from after Creative Experience among business leaders.<br> The last chapter explores the fusion of horizons or intersectionality of the work of Mary Parker Follett for today's historical moment. In what ways can her “saintly” way be understood? The chapter investigates particularly where Follett intersects with popular scholarship updates in organizational communication. The dissertation then moves toward cultivating a "conscientization" of Follett for organizational communication. Lastly, the research looks for ways that Follett might be able to illuminate a little ethical way forward. The conclusions explore some of the reasons for Follett's relative hiddenness in organizational communication, then turns toward finding some of those reasons to serve as significant insights and impetus as to why Follett might be engaged. / McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts; / Communication and Rhetorical Studies / PhD; / Dissertation;

xi, 97 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / This thesis identifies four major problems facing the Altemative Dispute Resolution profession-especially domestic mediation-and proposes constructive solutions using ADR pioneer and feminist-pragmatist philosopher Mary Parker Follett's work. I argue these problems are grounded in a conception of persons as independent and radically autonomous, rather than interdependent and embedded in social communities. Mediators often justify professional expansion by claiming mediation is more empowering than other ADR methods. However, absent a well-developed theory of interdependence, mediation perpetuates the power of negative socioeconomic forces over clients, furthering oppression not empowerment. Central to Follett's theory is a conception of power consistent with the idea that persons are interdependent. Effective domestic mediation reform could be achieved using Follett's theory, which demonstrates how ostensibly individual matters leading to "private" conflicts are inseparable from social circumstances and public concerns. I conclude with several solutions based on this alternative conception that help rectify current ADR problems. / Adviser: Scott Pratt

In the new State, Mary Parker Follett argues that the â neighborhood groupâ is the center of citizenship and democratic governance. In doing so, she takes us into territory that remains largely unexplored: social processes and how they can create an ideal democracy. / Ph. D.

<p>Avhandlingen, som undersökt Elin Wägners skönlitterära författarskap och journalistik under 1920-talet, visar att det är då hon stiger fram som en internationell rörelseintellektuell. Då formulerar hon sina åsikter om hur världen bör styras och hur kvinnor och män skall agera för att nå jämställdhet och fred, frågor som kom att stå i fokus för hennes liv och fortsatta författarskap. Det är med hjälp av internationell forskning och litteratur som Wägner blottlägger förhållandena i Sverige och påverkar den svenska debatten.Som introduktör av tänkare som Rosa Mayreder, Mathilde Vaerting och Mary Parker Follett kunde hon avslöja det korstryck som svenska kvinnor var utsatta för och samtidigt presentera ett eget koncet om en möjlig framtid för kvinnor och män. I avhandlingen har den första mer systematska analysen av Wägners insatser i veckotidningen Tidevarvet under åren 1923-1930 genomförts. Här framträder Wägner i många skepnader som kåsör, ledarskribent, recensent och utrikeskorrespondent men alltid med syftet att påverka läsaren i viss riktning. Med sina tre K:teman: kvinnan, kärleken och kriget speglar hon verkligheten utifrån två perspektiv, ett kortsiktigt pessimistiskt och ett längre optimmistiskt perspektiv.Det är i Tidevarvet som hon presenterar sin radikalpacifism och visarsitt starka beroende och inflytande av Gandhi och hans icke-våldsaktivism.Avhandlingens andra del behandlar Wägners 1920-talsromaner, vilka ofta benämnts som smålandsromaner men som i avhandlingen räknas som utvecklingsromaner om den medelålders kvinnans rätt till livsutrymme och sexualitet. Istället för att betrakta protagonisterna som offer, vilket ofta skett i tidigare forskning, visar avhandlingen att de istället agerar som visionära feminister med starka personligheter och tydliga livsmål. Det ärockså under tjugotalet som Wägner bekänner sig som kristen och närmar sig kväkarna, men engagerar sig även i den svenska kyrkan. Hon granskar prästernas dubbelmoral och förljugna inställning till äktenskap och skilsmässa både i sina romaner och i Tidevarvet. Dock är hon mest kritisk till att kyrkan inte på allvar driver fredens sak.Wägner är inte bara radikal i sin tid utan såg även vilka idéer och personer som tillhörde framtiden och framstår därför som både tidstypisk och tidlös.</p> / <p>Elin Wägner and her literary activities in the 1920s have not been a main interest for literary research. Instead, her writings from earlier or later decades are studied at length. Nevertheless, my dissertation indicates that it was during this decade several of her important projects in life and literature took place. The main purpose of the study is to present Wägner’s influence in the Swedish debate in a number of issues as feminism, pacifism and internationalism.</p><p>My point of departure is Wägners journalistic authorship in the radical weekly <i>Tidevarvet</i> (1923-1930) and her novels <i>Den Namnlösa</i> (1922), <i>Silverforsen</i> (1924), <i>Natten till söndag</i> (1926), <i>Svalorna flyga högt</i> (1929) and <i>Från Seine, Rhen och Ruhr</i> (1923), a collection of short stories. Using the concept <i>movement intellectual</i>, which has been further developed in the dissertation, the study indicates that Wägner, mostly with ideas and results from abroad, managed to influence both her organizations, their members and the general public. Her methods were three: writing, speaking and mobilization, and the arena was her fiction, her journalism and her networks. The intentions were much the same in all her activities.</p><p>Wägner’s international work for peace in the war-torn Europe during the first part of the decade changed her and her outlook on war and peace. She became a radical pacifist and negotiated on behalf of organizations as the Quakers, the Red Cross and WILP, Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom. Her devotion for peace is specially evident in <i>Tidevarvet</i>, the political weekly founded by FKR, Frisinnade Kvinnors Riksförbund, in 1923, where Wägner was active both as a writer and an editor. Here the influence from Gandhi and the Quakers is prominent, and Wägner tries all her life to introduce Gandhi to the Swedish public. </p><p>In the 1920s Elin Wägner also started her studies of matriarcy and her research of women’s history where the influence from international feminists as Rosa Mayreder, Mathilde Varting and Mary Parker Follett gave her arguments to strengthen women’s position and confidence both as women and as political citizens. At Fogelstad and Kvinnliga Medborgarskolan, Wägner, together with the other members in the Fogelstad Group, were active educating women for their new citizenship. As members in FKR also worked to get seats in the Parliament, but failed. My study shows why.</p>

Avhandlingen, som undersökt Elin Wägners skönlitterära författarskap och journalistik under 1920-talet, visar att det är då hon stiger fram som en internationell rörelseintellektuell. Då formulerar hon sina åsikter om hur världen bör styras och hur kvinnor och män skall agera för att nå jämställdhet och fred, frågor som kom att stå i fokus för hennes liv och fortsatta författarskap. Det är med hjälp av internationell forskning och litteratur som Wägner blottlägger förhållandena i Sverige och påverkar den svenska debatten.Som introduktör av tänkare som Rosa Mayreder, Mathilde Vaerting och Mary Parker Follett kunde hon avslöja det korstryck som svenska kvinnor var utsatta för och samtidigt presentera ett eget koncet om en möjlig framtid för kvinnor och män. I avhandlingen har den första mer systematska analysen av Wägners insatser i veckotidningen Tidevarvet under åren 1923-1930 genomförts. Här framträder Wägner i många skepnader som kåsör, ledarskribent, recensent och utrikeskorrespondent men alltid med syftet att påverka läsaren i viss riktning. Med sina tre K:teman: kvinnan, kärleken och kriget speglar hon verkligheten utifrån två perspektiv, ett kortsiktigt pessimistiskt och ett längre optimmistiskt perspektiv.Det är i Tidevarvet som hon presenterar sin radikalpacifism och visarsitt starka beroende och inflytande av Gandhi och hans icke-våldsaktivism.Avhandlingens andra del behandlar Wägners 1920-talsromaner, vilka ofta benämnts som smålandsromaner men som i avhandlingen räknas som utvecklingsromaner om den medelålders kvinnans rätt till livsutrymme och sexualitet. Istället för att betrakta protagonisterna som offer, vilket ofta skett i tidigare forskning, visar avhandlingen att de istället agerar som visionära feminister med starka personligheter och tydliga livsmål. Det ärockså under tjugotalet som Wägner bekänner sig som kristen och närmar sig kväkarna, men engagerar sig även i den svenska kyrkan. Hon granskar prästernas dubbelmoral och förljugna inställning till äktenskap och skilsmässa både i sina romaner och i Tidevarvet. Dock är hon mest kritisk till att kyrkan inte på allvar driver fredens sak.Wägner är inte bara radikal i sin tid utan såg även vilka idéer och personer som tillhörde framtiden och framstår därför som både tidstypisk och tidlös. / Elin Wägner and her literary activities in the 1920s have not been a main interest for literary research. Instead, her writings from earlier or later decades are studied at length. Nevertheless, my dissertation indicates that it was during this decade several of her important projects in life and literature took place. The main purpose of the study is to present Wägner’s influence in the Swedish debate in a number of issues as feminism, pacifism and internationalism. My point of departure is Wägners journalistic authorship in the radical weekly Tidevarvet (1923-1930) and her novels Den Namnlösa (1922), Silverforsen (1924), Natten till söndag (1926), Svalorna flyga högt (1929) and Från Seine, Rhen och Ruhr (1923), a collection of short stories. Using the concept movement intellectual, which has been further developed in the dissertation, the study indicates that Wägner, mostly with ideas and results from abroad, managed to influence both her organizations, their members and the general public. Her methods were three: writing, speaking and mobilization, and the arena was her fiction, her journalism and her networks. The intentions were much the same in all her activities. Wägner’s international work for peace in the war-torn Europe during the first part of the decade changed her and her outlook on war and peace. She became a radical pacifist and negotiated on behalf of organizations as the Quakers, the Red Cross and WILP, Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom. Her devotion for peace is specially evident in Tidevarvet, the political weekly founded by FKR, Frisinnade Kvinnors Riksförbund, in 1923, where Wägner was active both as a writer and an editor. Here the influence from Gandhi and the Quakers is prominent, and Wägner tries all her life to introduce Gandhi to the Swedish public. In the 1920s Elin Wägner also started her studies of matriarcy and her research of women’s history where the influence from international feminists as Rosa Mayreder, Mathilde Varting and Mary Parker Follett gave her arguments to strengthen women’s position and confidence both as women and as political citizens. At Fogelstad and Kvinnliga Medborgarskolan, Wägner, together with the other members in the Fogelstad Group, were active educating women for their new citizenship. As members in FKR also worked to get seats in the Parliament, but failed. My study shows why.

Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-97). Also available online.

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