Orientador: João Guilherme de Camargo Ferraz Machado / Coorientador: Ana Elisa Bressan Smith Lourenzani / Coorientador: Gessuir Pigatto / Banca: Andrea Rossi Scalco / Banca: Fabiana Cunha Viana Leonelli / Resumo: Transformações ocorridas na sociedade nos cenários econômicos, sociais, ambientais ocasionaram uma nova forma de atuar na agricultura, combinando a terra, o trabalho e a família. O morador do campo não atua mais somente como produtor de alimentos, mas passou a ser pluriativo, desenvolvendo também atividades não-agrícolas, que incluem comércio e serviços. Entre as atividades que caracterizam a multifuncionalidade no uso da terra estão os empreendimentos de turismo rural, que geralmente praticam a venda direta de produtos agroalimentares locais. Essa dissertação aborda o tema turismo rural e sua relação com a pluriatividade no campo e com as cadeias agroalimentares curtas em um estudo de caso em Borborema - SP, o agroturismo Caminho Caipira. O objetivo do trabalho foi investigar como o turismo se insere no espaço rural, verificando a potencialidade do Caminho Caipira para o turismo de Borborema De maneira específica, buscou-se analisar os pontos fortes e fracos do empreendimento, identificar a participação dos agentes públicos e privados na criação e manutenção do Caminho Caipira, e elencar os elementos que caracterizam a produção artesanal do empreendimento e sua relação com as cadeias curtas de comercialização. Para tal, a pesquisa teve caráter exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionários semiestruturados aplicados sob os princípios da pesquisa participante. Concluiu-se que o Caminho Caipira possui potencial no tu... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Society transformations, in economic, social and environmental scenarios, led to a new way of working in agriculture, combining land, work and family. The residents of the field no more are only producer of food, but became pluriativos (people who words in several kinds of jobs) and also develop non-agricultural activities, including commerce and services. Among the activities that characterize the multifunctionality of land use are the rural tourism achievements, which usually practice the direct sale of local food products. This dissertation addresses the issue rural tourism and its relationship with pluriactivity in the field and with short food supply chains in a case study in Borborema - SP, the agritourism Caminho Caipira. The objective of this study was to investigate the insertion of the tourism into the rural áreas, and specifically to check the potential of Caminho Caipira for tourism of Borborema City, and the relation about the short circuits of sales. For this, the research was exploratory and descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was made through semi-structured questionnaires on the principles of participatory research. It was concluded that the Caminho Caipira has potential for the Borborema City tourism and the adoption of direct sales was a convenience on the principles of sustainability and organic production which requires the seasonality of agroalimento. The survey also sought to identify the participation of the government in creating and mai... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Thesis (MTech (Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011 / During recent years the wine industry has become increasingly dynamic due to competition among wine organisations worldwide. In order to be competitive, many South African wine organisations have implemented and maintained a Food Safety Managements System (FSMS). The Western Cape Province is one of the typical regions of wine-manufacturing in the country. However, the impact of FSMSs on the effectiveness of work performance among wine organisations in the Western Cape is unknown. There is scant literature that focuses on this particular issue. Thus, this study investigates the effectiveness of FSMS implementation to determine whether wine organisations consolidate the fundamental requirements of the FSMSs. Nineteen (19) wine organisations situated in the Western Cape who are currently implementing FSMSs were chosen as the research sites. A group of participants (n=46) who are implementing FSMSs from these wine organisations were selected as samples. A questionnaire based on the Likert scale was used as an instrument for data collection. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 19 was employed to generate statistical results such as frequencies, mean, standard deviation, percentage, skewness, etc. In particular, Cronbach’s alpha was utilised to test the reliability of the key items of FSMSs. The findings of this study indicate that the majority of the wine organisations consolidate the fundamental requirements of FSMS. Certification audits, management systems, prerequisite programs, Hazard Critical Control Points (HACCP), validation and verification, emergency preparedness and quality management are used as the main activities to measure the performance of FSMS. Based on the study results, this study recommended that wine organisations should provide regular training to internal auditors and shopfloor employees in order to enhance the effectiveness of FSMSs. The significance of this study is to contribute a valuable guideline to the South African wine industry to consolidate their performances on the implementation of FSMSs.

Com modificações nas cadeias agroalimentares proporcionadas pela crescente demanda de produtos diferenciados, os alimentos orgânicos ganham cada vez mais destaque entre os consumidores. O crescente número de consumidores resultou ao interesse das grandes empresas em atuar na comercialização de produtos orgânicos. Com novos mercados emergindo, o setor produtivo também sofre alterações para suprir a demanda. O aumento da escala produtiva e modificações na diversificação das unidades de produção são questões comuns na agricultura. A agricultura familiar quando ofertante de produtos orgânicos pode sofrer alterações em seus sistemas produtivos quando se vincula a diferentes canais de comercialização. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de analisar a influência das relações de agricultores com o mercado nos sistemas produtivos orgânicos de hortaliças em termos de diversificação e/ou especialização de cultivos e direcionamento da produção. Para realização da análise foram relacionados os produtores vinculados a quatro associações e duas cooperativas, que comercializam seus produtos nas redes de supermercados e na feira dos agricultores ecológicos (FAE) em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O levantamento dos dados ocorreu por meio de pesquisa de campo com 49 agricultores pertencentes a estas associações e cooperativas, localizadas na região da Serra Gaúcha Os resultados possibilitaram caracterizar as unidades de produção compreendendo os aspectos familiares presentes no ambiente rural, bem como utilização da área, fatores técnicos e tecnológicos, que são utilizados de forma que promovam o sustento da família e preservem os recursos naturais. As relações dos produtores com o mercado possibilitaram distinguir três tipificações: relações de comercialização com os supermercados (RCS); relações de comercialização com as feiras (RCF); e relações de comercialização com os supermercados e com as feiras (RCSF). Possibilitou-se verificar uma tendência de maior diversificação para unidades de produção vinculadas à tipificação RCF, bem como, observar uma tendência de especialização das unidades de produção vinculadas à tipificação RCS. Até o momento as tipificações RCF e RCSF, necessitaram aumentar a quantidade produzida e a diversificação com mais frequência, e a tipificação RCS demonstra maior estimulo e capacidade para aumentar a quantidade produzida e a diversificação de produtos no futuro. A possibilidade de expansão de produção da agricultura familiar orgânica encontra-se vinculada a capacidade de produção da família, sendo que a quantidade a ser produzida dependerá da disponibilidade de área e do trabalho de seus integrantes, estando às relações com o mercado influenciando quais serão os cultivos da unidade de produção. / With changes in agri-food chains offered by the growing demand for differentiated products, organic foods are becoming more prominent among consumers. The growing number of consumers resulted to the interests of large companies to act in the marketing of organic products. With new emerging markets, the productive sector also suffers changes to meet demand. The increase in production scale and changes in diversification of production units are common issues in agriculture. Family farming when the offering of organic products may change in their production systems when it binds to different marketing channels. In this sense, the present study aimed to analyze the influence of relations with the farmers market in organic vegetable production systems in terms of diversification and / or specialization of crops and direction of production. To perform the analysis were related producers linked to four associations and two cooperatives that sell their products in the supermarket and at the fair of organic farmers (FAE) in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The survey data were collected through field research with 49 farmers belonging to these associations and cooperatives, located in the Serra Gaucha region It was possible to characterize the production units comprising the familiar aspects present in the rural environment, and use of the area, technical and technological factors, which are used in order to promote family support and preserve natural resources. The relations of the producers to the market allowed distinguish three typifications: marketing relationships with supermarkets (RCS); marketing relationships with fairs (RCF); and marketing relationships with supermarkets and fairs (RCSF). Possible to verify greater diversification trend of production units linked to the definition RCF, as well as a trend toward specialization of production units linked to the definition RCS. So far, the RCF and RCSF typifications, required to increase the quantity produced and diversification more often, and the characterization RCS shows major stimulus and ability to increase the quantity produced and the diversification of products in the future. The possibility of the organic family farming production expansion is linked to family production capacity, and the amount to be produced will depend on the availability of area and the work of its members, with the market relations influencing what will be the production plant crops.

Orientador: Elisabete Salay / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T20:37:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_KatiaReginaMartini_D.pdf: 727256 bytes, checksum: bfd0d116b711803549221bb41d3fbda1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Entre os estabelecimentos voltados para a alimentação fora do lar, destacam-se os relacionados à alimentação coletiva, que atendem diariamente um número significativo de indivíduos. O objetivo geral da presente pesquisa foi analisar o grau com que a estratégia de abastecimento de hortaliças em Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição (UANs) administradas por autogestão e concessionárias de alimentos, influencia a gestão da segurança em agentes da cadeia produtiva. Os objetivos específicos foram: verificar os critérios utilizados para credenciamento de fornecedores; verificar os aspectos de qualidade e segurança exigidos para a aquisição das hortaliças; identificar os canais de distribuição de hortaliças para UANs; identificar os incentivos e as dificuldades para a compra de alimentos seguros. A área delimitada para a realização da pesquisa foi o município de Campinas e seus quatro distritos. A definição do universo de UANs administradas através de autogestão e concessionárias de alimento, baseou-se em listagens fornecidas por entidades representativas da categoria. Foram identificados 60 casos, desses 39 participaram da pesquisa, totalizando 22 concessionárias de alimentos e 17 autogestões. Análises comparativas por meio do teste Qui-Quadrado e teste exato de Fisher; teste de proporções; teste t de Student e teste não paramétrico de Kruskall Wallis seguido do teste de comparação múltipla de Dunn foram realizadas. Considerou-se um nível de 95% de confiança. Instrumentos específicos para a coleta de dados em cada tipo de administração foram elaborados e pré-testados. A entrevista com gerentes ou funcionários diretamente ligados à compra das hortaliças foi feita entre os meses de dezembro de 2004 e maio de 2005, por pessoal treinado. Todas as unidades faziam uso de hortaliças in natura, e apenas seis de hortaliças minimamente processadas. Em relação ao controle de qualidade dos produtos in natura, grande parte dos entrevistados (76,9%) relatou não ter feito nenhuma solicitação de adequação do fornecedor. Cerca de 50% das unidades não fazem monitoramento da segurança do alimento junto ao fornecedor. Entre os casos que apontaram realizá-la, a visita técnica é utilizada para esse fim em 46,2%, mas basicamente ocorre no momento do credenciamento. A realização de análises microbiológicas nos produtos não é freqüente. Entre os critérios mais importantes para definição do fornecedor de hortaliças, o preço obteve grande destaque, sendo significativamente superior a todos os demais critérios. Em relação aos canais de distribuição, os atacadistas apareceram em maior número, mas em relação ao volume comercializado os distribuidores possuem maior representatividade no comércio de hortaliças para as UANs estudadas. Na maioria das situações não existe um contrato formalizado entre compradores e fornecedores. No momento do recebimento, a atividade de conferência da rotulagem dos alimentos in natura é raramente realizada, mas é freqüente no caso dos produtos minimamente processados. Os níveis de segurança do alimento, confiança no fornecedor e número de fornecedores, seguidos de perto pela padronização dos produtos foram os aspectos que os entrevistados consideravam como maiores necessidades no mercado de hortaliças in natura e minimamente processadas. Aproximadamente 64% dos entrevistados apontaram como pouco importante ou sem importância, a atuação do governo visando melhorias da segurança do alimento. A adoção de atividades e ou sistemas de qualidade operacional foi apontada por grande parte das instituições, com predomínio das Boas Práticas de Fabricação. Observou-se, portanto, que o grau de interferência das autogestões/concessionárias de alimentos junto aos fornecedores de hortaliças ainda é bastante limitado. Os critérios de abastecimento utilizados não garantem a aquisição de um alimento seguro pela maioria das instituições estudadas. Recomenda-se que seja incorporada rotineiramente a visita aos fornecedores de hortaliças in natura e minimamente processada. Além disso, deve-se atentar à legislação atual, não aceitando produtos transportados em caixas de madeira ou sem o rótulo específico. A elaboração de critérios de aquisição de hortaliças mais claros e rigorosos pode beneficiar fornecedores que agem com transparência no mercado trazendo benefícios para toda a cadeia produtiva / Abstract: Amongst those establishments designed for eating out, the institutional segment stands out, servicing a significant number of individuals every day. The general objective of the present study was to analyse the degree to which the strategies applied to the supply of vegetables to the self-managed foodservice industry and to food contractors in the municipality of Campinas, influenced safety management by participants in the productive chain. The specific objectives were: to verify the criteria used to authorize suppliers; to verify the quality and safety aspects demanded in the acquisition of vegetables; to identify the vegetable distribution channels for the institutional foodservice; to identify the incentives and difficulties in the purchase of safe food. The area designated to carry out the survey was the municipality of Campinas plus its four districts. The definition of the universe of self-managed institutional foodservice and food contractors was based on listings provided by representative entities in this category. Sixty cases were identified, of which 39 took part in this survey, comprising 22 food contractors and 17 self-managed units. Comparative analyses were carried out using the Chi-square test and Fisher¿s exact test; the proportion test; the student t test and the Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test followed by Dunn¿s multiple comparison test. A 95% level of confidence was assumed. Specific data collection instruments were prepared and pre-tested for each type of administration. The interviewing of managers and workers directly involved in buying the vegetables was carried out by trained personnel between December 2004 and May 2005. All the units used in natura vegetables, and only 6 used minimally processed vegetables. With regard to quality control of the in natura products, the majority of the interviewees (76.9%) reported having made no requests concerning supplier suitability. Around 50% of the units did not monitor the safety of food from the suppliers. Amongst the cases that reported monitoring supplier safety, technical visits were used with this objective in 46.2% of the cases, basically occurring at the time of supplier registration. The performance of microbiological analyses of the products was seen to be infrequent. Amongst the more important criteria used to define a vegetable supplier, price was the most prominent, being significantly greater than all the other criteria. In respect of the distribution channels, there was a larger number of wholesalers, but in terms of volumes traded, distributors represented a larger proportion in the sale of vegetables to the foodservices studied. In the majority of situations, there was no formal contract between buyers and suppliers. At the point at which the in natura foods were received, the checking of food labelling was rarely carried out, though it was more frequent in the case of minimally processed products. According to the interviewees, food safety levels, supplier confidence and the number of suppliers, closely followed by product standardisation, were the features considered to be the most essential for the in natura and minimally processed vegetable market. Approximately 64% of the interviewees considered government action to improve food safety to be of little or no importance. The adoption of operational quality systems or activities was quoted by many of the institutions, with Good Manufacturing Practices predominating. However, it was noted that the degree of intervention by the self-managed foodservice/food contractors with regard to the vegetable suppliers was still largely limited. The supply criteria employed did not guarantee the acquisition of safe food in the majority of the institutions studied. It was recommended that visits to the suppliers of in natura and minimally processed vegetables be routinely scheduled. In addition, those involved should remain aware of current legislation, not accepting products transported in wooden crates or without a specific label. The creation of clearer, stricter criteria for the acquisition of vegetables could benefit those suppliers acting with transparency on the market, thereby benefiting the whole productive chain / Doutorado / Consumo e Qualidade de Alimentos / Doutor em Alimentos e Nutrição

M.Com. (Business Management) / The last mile distribution is the final link of successful supply chain operations. The high demand for products, lead time uncertainties and replenishment time complicate the distribution task. In order to achieve a competitive business edge, suppliers need to work at developing and improving their last mile distribution link. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the last mile wine distribution in Lagos Island, Nigeria, and to determine appropriate improvement strategies that can be recommended to wine suppliers. A qualitative research design was used in order to address the key research questions. Wine suppliers in Lagos Island, Nigeria were sampled for the study and mainly surveyed using open-structured interviews. The results of the research suggest that human resources factors influence the effectiveness of the last mile distribution. In addition, management-related factors also affect it. It was also noted that the effectiveness of last mile distribution for the wine suppliers is hampered by supply chain and logistics limitations. However, the findings indicate that the suppliers were able to contend with these challenges by applying some logistics strategies and personal initiatives to keep making profit. The study is expected to not only add value to current wine suppliers in Lagos Island, Nigeria, but also to potential investors interested in the Nigerian wine market. Recommendations for future research conclude the minor dissertation.

Short Food Supply Chains (SFSC) can be understood as ‘alternatives’ to conventional, complex food chains that tend to dominate contemporary agri-food systems. They redefine producer-consumer relations through socially and physically ‘closer’, more transparent supply chains founded upon quality cues associated with provenance, whereby products become embedded with information about the spaces of production. It has been argued that SFSC can have significant socio-economic benefits for rural development, providing livelihoods for small-scale, independent food producers who would otherwise be marginalised from food markets. SFSC have received plenty of attention amongst ‘alternative’ agri-food scholars in recent years. However, empirical research has typically addressed SFSC in relation to a specific set of values, politics and traditions, examining a locale or region in relation to cultural structures ingrained in a particular context. This has resulted in vast amounts of agri-food literature with specific reference to the contexts of Europe, North America and other global North regions. Attention to countries from the global South has increased recently, but there are limited cross-cultural, comparative analyses between regions from the global North and South. This is surprising given that small-scale food producers the world over face similar obstacles associated with access to markets, adaptation to climate change, contradictory policies and development programmes and increased competition from imports. This research investigates how SFSC operate in context, drawing on evidence from case studies in rural regions of The Gambia, West Africa and East England; illustrative cases of the global North and South. This thesis adopts an inductive methodology, incorporating grounded theory and a range of qualitative methods and data analysis techniques. The regional food group Tastes of Anglia and social enterprise named ‘Gambia is Good’ served as gatekeepers and provided access to small-scale food producers in each case. The Sustainable (Rural) Livelihoods Framework as originally conceived by the Department for International Development (DFID) was used as a conceptual toolkit to guide data collection and analyses. This involved an amalgamation of the largely disparate ‘alternative’ agri-food literature with that of sustainable livelihoods, revealing the important role that horizontal embeddedness and vertical embeddedness have in the context of SFSC. This research has found that in The Gambia, limited access to capital assets, infrastructural constraints and a lack of social embeddedness between rural producers and customers in the high value tourist industry undermines SFSC as viable livelihood strategies. This is in contrast to the UK, where food producers have access to a wider set of resources and can also draw on established ‘quality’ cues associated with Product-Process-Place linkages to market their products. Results suggest this is due to the historical (agri)cultural trajectories of East Anglia and spatial-temporal synergies that enable products embedded with information to be differentiated in competitive marketplaces. The processes enabling this differentiation can be considered as a form of cultural capital. This cannot be as readily drawn upon in The Gambia given its different agricultural and political-economic histories, and comparatively weaker forms of vertical embeddedness. This raises questions about the relevance and transferability of SFSC models to contexts such as The Gambia and other ‘similar’ regions in sub-Saharan Africa and the global South. The broader implications of these findings are discussed and five future research agendas that explore the key processes of horizontal and vertical embeddedness in both the global North and South are presented.

Magister Legum - LLM / The objectives of the research was to critically analyse arguments for and against agricultural trade liberalization and its impact on food security, investigating the nexus between the three pillars of agriculture and food security, considering how the Agreement on Agriculture and the Food Aid Convention addressed the concerns that were raised by the different parties during the negotiation period, and finally it considered how the current multilateral negotiations in agriculture can provide a secure framework within which developing African countries can pursue effective policies to ensure their food security. / South Africa

Magister Artium - MA / The food security crisis which gripped the sub Sahara Africa after the drought in 1999/2000 threatened development initiatives in these countries. Zimbabwe’s situation has since worsened and the country has failed to recuperate from the food problems, even after an improvement in the climatic conditions. International and local food aid activities then became a priority in the fight to sustain the right to food for the affected regions. It is argued in this research that if food aid is distributed on the basis of need it will enable the vulnerable populations recuperate form food insecurity problems. It is also postulated that if well implemented, food aid programmes are also able to play the dual role of averting starvation and leading to long term development. This thesis departs from the allegations of food aid politicisation in Zimbabwe. Using the rational choice and neopatrimonial theories of individual behaviour, this research endeavored to ascertain whether political decisions influenced the government food aid distributions which were conducted through the Grain Marketing Board. In line with these theories, it is argued in this study that politicians behave in a manner that maximizes the fulfillment of their individual needs rather than the needs of the people who vote them in positions of power. A qualitative approach was adopted in this study and data was gathered through household interviews in the Seke and Goromonzi districts of the Mashonaland East province in Zimbabwe. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with food aid experts from the governmental and non governmental organisations dealing with food security issues in Zimbabwe. / South Africa

No description available.

The full text of this thesis/dissertation is not available online. Please <a href="mailto:upetd@up.ac.za">contact us</a> if you need access. Read the abstract in the section 00front of this document. / Thesis (DPhil (Consumer Science))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Consumer Science / unrestricted