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Masculinity and sexual identity among a small group of petty criminals in a Florentine streetDe Bromhead, Antoinette January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
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The effects of four strength maintenance programs on the dynamic strength retention of football players during the in-seasonWhited, Randy S. 01 January 1980 (has links)
No description available.
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Fotbal jako mimoškolní aktivita na 1. stupni ZŠ / Football as an extracurricural activity in the first grade of elementary schoolNosková, Barbora January 2011 (has links)
Title: Football as an extracurricural activity in the first grade of elementary school The goal of this thesis is to explore the role of football in the first grade of elementary school as an extracurricular activity from the child, parent, and coach perspectives. I assessed the frequency of this sport through carefully directed interviews with elementary school children. I conducted yet more interviews at football practices at different competitive levels to determine the popularity amongst players and its influence on them. I further examined the financial and time demands of this extracurricular activity through sending out surveys to parents. Last, I surveyd coaches to find out about the quality and type of football practices. Key words: football training, age patterns, coach, child, parents
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A comparison of two weight training programs for strength development and the effects of spring football practice on strength retentionMankins, Lawrence E., Jr. 01 January 1975 (has links)
The purposes of this study were (1) to determine the possible effects of spring football practice on strength retention among the varsity football players at the University of the Pacific as measured by the four strength tests from Edwin A. Fleishman’s Basic Fitness Test Battery for Evaluation of Physical Fitness Factors; the one repetition maximum scores from five weight training exercises; and the maximum number of bar dips performed for one set: (2) to determine whether weight training during spring football practice is beneficial for strength retention for the duration of spring football practice: and (3) to determine the effectiveness of two weight training programs in the development of strength.
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Motor competence and goal setting in rugbySmit, Hendre 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M Sport Sc (Sport Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2007. / The study explored the potential of rugby as a developmental experience, not only in terms of the motor skills that lead to competence in rugby, but also in terms of learning more about the life-skill of goal setting. A 10 session pre-season programme entitled “More than Rugby” was designed and implemented in order to determine whether combining skill instruction with activities specifically designed to increase an understanding of goal setting had an impact on either the development of rugby competence or understanding about goal setting and perceptions of its use.
A repeated measures experimental design was followed, with two groups of high school rugby players from similar sporting backgrounds involved: An experimental group who received pre-season rugby training as well as an intervention programme dealing with goal setting, and a control group who received only the pre-season rugby training, but no special goal setting activities. Both groups were pre tested and post tested on their rugby competence (through an individual rugby skill test circuit) and their understanding of goal setting The self reported use of goal setting perceptions, the relationship between goals and performance and the effects of goals on players was measured by means of a questionnaire (adapted GSI).
The results revealed a significant improvement in the quality of rugby skills of the experimental group, but no significant improvement was found in the quality of the rugby skills of the control group. Both groups showed improvement in the speed at which rugby skills were performed, but in neither case was the improvement significant. The understanding of goal setting and the knowledge of setting goals did not improve significantly for either group.
It can be concluded that the inclusion of life skills content and activities, such as goal setting in rugby development programmes will not detract from skill development outcomes. Although it can be noted that the greater improvement in skill levels was achieved by the group who received goal setting, more research is recommended to explain the positive link between life skills development and sport skills development.
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Optimal training load for the hang clean and squat jump in u-21 rugby playersDe Villiers, Nico 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M Sport Sc)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the optimal training load required for peak-power
production in two types of exercises, namely an Olympic-type and a ballistic
exercise. The hang clean and the squat jump were selected to represent these
two types of exercise.
It was ascertained whether a change in strength levels and training status will
have an effect on the optimal loads for peak-power production of rugby players.
In addition, the influence that different playing positions have on power
production was also investigated.
Fifty-nine under-21 male rugby players (Mean Age 19.3yrs; SD ± 0.7yr) from
two rugby academies, performed a maximal-strength test in the hang clean and
squat, followed by a power test in the hang clean and squat jump with loads
ranging from 30 to 90% of maximal strength (1RM). Testing was conducted in the pre-season phase and repeated during the inseason
phase. Peak power for the hang clean was achieved at 90% 1RM in the
pre-season and at 80% 1RM during the in-season. Peak power for the squat
jump was achieved at 90% 1RM in the pre-season. However, this location of the
optimal loading was not significantly higher than that of the other loadings (60,
70 and 80% 1RM).
During the in-season, peak power for the squat jump was reached at 90%
1RM. Here again, the optimal-loading location was not significantly higher than
that of the other loadings (50, 60, 70 and 80% 1RM).
It was concluded that the optimal load for power production is 90% 1RM for
the hang clean and 60-90% for the squat jump. It was found that an improvement in strength levels of the subjects affected
both peak-power production and the optimal load in both exercises.
During the in-season peak power in the hang clean was reached at 80% 1RM,
and at 50% 1RM for the squat jump.
There were no significant differences in the performances of subjects from
different playing positions (forwards versus backline players).
In the hang clean, peak-power production seems to be reliant on increased
strength and results in peak-power output at high loads.
The squat jump, on the other hand, is more reliant on velocity due to its
ballistic nature and is possibly better suited to developing power at lighter
loadings. Because it produces peak power at a lower percentage load than the
hang clean, the squat jump could be more effective in power development for
players who are inexperienced in power training.
Long-term exercise periodisation in power training can therefore be employed
progressively from simpler exercises (e.g., squat jump) using only the legs, to
more complex exercises (e.g., Olympic-lifting) that involve the whole body.
This study confirmed that the specific requirements of different sport codes
should be considered meticulously before selecting and prescribing exercises
and loads for power-training programmes. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hooffokus van hierdie studie was op die optimale oefenlading wat vereis
word vir die produsering van piek-profkrag tydens die uitvoering van twee tipes
oefening, naamlik ’n Olimpiese- en ’n ballistiese oefening. Die hang clean en die
squat jump is geselekteer om bogenoemde twee tipes oefening te
verteenwoordig.
Daar is bepaal of ’n verbetering van die krag-vlakke en oefenstatus van
rugbyspelers ’n invloed het op die optimale ladings vir piek-plofkrag
ontwikkeling. Verder is die moontlike rol van verskillende speelposisies
ondersoek.
Nege-en-vyftig onder-21 mans-rugbyspelers (M-ouderdom 19.3jr; SD ± 0.7jr)
vanuit twee rugbyakademies het ’n maksimale-krag toets in die hang clean en
squat uitgevoer. Dit is opgevolg deur ’n plofkrag-toets in die hang clean en squat
jump met ladings wat gewissel het van tussen 30 en 90% van maksimale
werkverrigting (1RM).
Toetsing het plaasgevind in die voor-seisoen fase en is herhaal tydens die
daaropvolgende speelseisoen. Piek-plofkrag vir die hang clean is bereik tydens
’n oefenlading van 90% 1RM in die voor-seisoen en by 80% 1RM later in die
speelseisoen. Piek-plofkrag vir die squat jump is behaal by 90% 1RM in die
voor-seisoen fase. Hierdie optimale lading-lokasie was egter nie beduidend hoër
as by die ander ladings van 60, 70 en 80% 1RM nie.
Tydens die speelseisoen is piek-plofkrag bereik in die squat jump by 90% 1RM.
Die optimale lading-lokasie was weereens nie beduidend hoër as by die ander
ladings van 50, 60, 70 en 80% 1RM nie. Daar is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die optimale oefenlading vir die
ontwikkeling van piek-plofkrag vir die hang clean 90% 1RM is, en 60% vir die
squat jump.
Daar is ook gevind dat ’n verbetering in kragvlakke van die toetslinge, beide
piek-plofkrag-produksie en die optimale oefenbelading in albei oefeninge
beïnvloed.
Tydens die speelseisoen is piek-plofkrag behaal in die hang clean by 80% 1RM,
en by 50% 1RM in die squat jump.
Geen beduidende verskille in werkverrigting is gevind tussen toetslinge uit
verskillende speelposisies (voorspelers versus agterlyn-spelers) nie.
Dit blyk dat in die hang clean, die produksie van plofkrag beïnvloed word deur
’n verbetering in krag en dat dit tot hoër optimale ladings vir piek-plofkrag
produksie lei.
Die squat jump, in teenstelling, is meer afhanklik van snelheid en is moontlik
beter geskik vir die produsering van plofkrag teen ligter oefenladings. Omdat
die squat jump piek-plofkrag genereer teen laer ladings as die hang clean, kan
dit meer effektief wees vir spelers met gebrekkige ervaring in krag-oefening.
Lang-termyn oefen-periodisering in plofkrag-oefening kan gevolglik progressief
aangewend word vanaf eenvoudiger oefeninge (bv. squat jump), waar slegs die
bene gebruik word, tot meer komplekse oefeninge (bv. Olimpiese-gewigoptel)
waar die hele liggaam betrek word.
Hierdie studie bevestig dat die spesifieke vereistes van verskillende sportkodes
deeglik oorweeg moet word alvorens oefeninge en ladings geselekteer en
voorgeskryf word vir plofkrag-programme.
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Prediction of Football-playing Ability in Spring Training Tryouts Through the Use of Psychobiomotor AssessmentSecunda, Michael D. 01 July 1980 (has links) (PDF)
Psychobiomotor assessment refers to the use of a combination of psychological, biological, and motor-performance tests to comprehensively analyze the skills, attributes, and performance capabilities of athletes. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that there are significant psychobiomotor differences between successful collegiate football players in the offensive backfield positions and those players who are rates as less successful in these positions. Subjects were 19 male volunteer tryouts (mean age = 20.5) for the positions of quarterback and halfback on the inaugural University of Central Florida football team. They were assessed on the physiological variable anaerobic capacity, they psychological dimensions measure by the Cattell 16PF, and also on four football-playing skills. Football-playing ability (the dependent variable) was assessed by coaches' ratings on 15 sub-variables determined to be important to the offensive backfield positions. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, utilized to give the best linear composite of the predictor variables to the dependent variable, resulted in a multiple correlation coefficient of .85 (p < .005). The prediction equation included four variables: conservativism, aggressiveness, anaerobic capacity, and pass-receiving ability. Thus, a significant 68% of the variance of football-playing ability was accounted for by the use of these four psychobiomotor variables. By using a validated test battery, team personnel, performance, profits, prestige, and effectiveness could be improved. Also, a better could be used to train current team members on areas of relative skill deficiencies.
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An Analytical Study of the Training and Conditioning Programs for Football in Selected Colleges and Universities of TexasMcClanahan, B. Franklin 08 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to determine what practices and policies were being used in the training and conditioning programs for football, the similarities and differences of the training and conditioning programs for football, and to recommend a training and conditioning program for football in colleges based upon the present practices of colleges and universities of Texas.
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Comparision of aquatic- and land-based plyometric training on power, speed and agility in adolescent rugby union playersFabricius, David Leslie 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MEd)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of an aquatic- and landbased
plyometric programme upon selected, sport-specific performance variables in
adolescent male, rugby union players.
A group of 52 rugby players (age: 16.3 ± 0.8 years, height: 176 ± 6.9 cm and body
mass: 76.1 ± 11.9 kg) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: aquatic group
(n=18), land group (n=17), and a control group (n=17). Prior to and after the sevenweeks
of training, the power, agility and speed of participants were assessed by
means of Fitrodyne repeated countermovement jumps, the Sergeant vertical jump,
the Illinois agility test, a standing broad jump, and a 10- and 40- metre sprint. All three
groups maintained their summer extra-curricular sport commitments during the
intervention period.
When the three groups were analysed, no significant differences were found between
the groups with regard to all tested performance variables. With regard to withingroup
changes, the aquatic group improved significantly (p<0.05) in the Illinois agility
test, performed to the right. The land group showed significant (p<0.05)
improvements in peak concentric power during Fitrodyne repeated countermovement
jumps. All groups reflected highly significant (p<0.01) improvements in the Sergeant
vertical jump. None of the groups displayed any improvements in sprint speed. The
control was the only group to improve significantly in the standing broad jump
(p<0.05).
Land-based plyometric training might be a functionally superior training modality for
athletes, although aquatic plyometrics could also offer an effective training modality
for performance enhancement in power-based sports such as rugby union football.
Aquatic-based plyometrics should not completely replace land-based plyometrics, as
it might not adequately develop the specific neuromuscular patterns or functional
needs of explosive sports. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die effektiwiteit van ‘n water- en landgebaseerde
pliometriese program met mekaar te vergelyk in terme van geselekteerde, sportspesifieke
uitvoeringsveranderlikes in manlike adolessente rugbyspelers.
‘n Groep van 52 rugbyspelers (ouderdom: 16.3 ± 0.8 jaar, lengte: 176 ± 6.9 cm en
liggaamsmassa: 76.1 ± 11.9 kg) is lukraak in een van drie groepe ingedeel:
watergroep (n=18), landgroep (n=17), en ‘n kontrolegroep (n=17). Voor en na die
sewe-weke oefenprogram, is spelers se plofkrag, ratsheid en spoed getoets deur
middel van Fitrodyne herhaalde spronge, Sergeant vertikale sprong, Illinois
ratsheidstoets, staande verspring, en ‘n 10- en 40-m spoedtoets. Al drie groepe het
vir die duur van die intervensieperiode met hulle somersport aangegaan.
Na analise van die drie groepe se data, is daar geen statisties betekenisvolle verskille
tussen die groepe ten opsigte van die prestasieveranderlikes gevind nie. Die waterpliometriese
groep se prestasie in die Illinois ratsheidstoets na regs het statisties
beduidend (p<0.05) verbeter. Die landgroep het betekenisvolle (p<0.05) verbetering
in die piek konsentriese plofkrag met die Fitrodyne herhaalde spronge getoon. Aldrie
groepe het betekenisvolle (p<0.01) verbetering getoon in die Sergeant vertikale
sprong. Geen groep se spoed het verbeter nie. Slegs die kontrolegroep se staande
verspring het statisties betekenisvol verbeter.
Land-gebaseerde pliometriese oefening kan moontlik, vanuit ‘n funksionele oogpunt,
‘n beter oefenmodaliteit vir atlete wees. Watergebaseerde pliometriese oefening kan
egter ook ‘n oefenmodaliteit vir sport wat plofkrag vereis, soos rugby, wees.
Watergebaseerde pliometriese oefening behoort nie land-gebaseerde pliometriese
oefening te vervang nie, omdat dit moontlik nie aan die spesifieke neuromuskulêre
patrone en funksionele behoeftes van eksplosiewe sport voldoen nie.
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The morning has come but it is still dark.Barnes, Brendon. January 1999 (has links)
Racism in sport has progressed from being blatant during Apartheid to being subtler in the 'New South Africa'. Using discourse analysis, this thesis focuses on how subtle racism reveals itself through the 'development' programme in rugby. 'Development' players are constructed as racially inferior to white rugby players. The white institution of rugby is portrayed as a philanthropic organisation whose aim is to 'help' 'development'
players raise their levels of skill. In this way, white rugby is constructed as being non-racist. By locating 'development' subjects as being inferior, and disguising this with philanthropy, the 'development' programme serves to reproduce the oppressive power relations between whites and blacks involved in rugby as it was during Apartheid. / Thesis (M.Soc.Sci.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1999.
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