Le premier chapitre de ma thèse est une revue de la littérature générale relative aux fusions-acquisitions bancaires. Le deuxième chapitre propose une analyse empirique des activités de fusions et acquisitions dans le secteur bancaire chinois. J’analyse 14 banques commerciales chinoises entre l'année 1998 et 2007 en utilisant l’indice de Malmquist. Les résultats montrent que la productivité de ces 14 banques commerciales chinoises s’est accrue annuellement de 6,3%. Le troisième chapitre utilise un modèle théorique pour analyser l'effet complexe d'entrée des banques étrangères sur l'activité des banques domestiques. Je modélise trois modes d’entrée de banques étrangères : (1) la création d'une nouvelle filiale, (2) des fusions et acquisitions avec une banque publique et (3) des fusions et acquisitions avec des Joint Stock Banks. Nous constatons que, lorsque l'entrée de banques étrangères se fait par la création d'une nouvelle filiale, les effets positifs dominent les effets négatifs quand la banque étrangère a un assez bon accès aux marchés monétaires internationaux. Sur la base de l’utilisation de la base de données « Thomson One », le quatrième chapitre de thèse est consacré à une l'analyse empirique (une analyse de régression) pour de 6 pays asiatiques pour la période 1998-2011. Nos résultats indiquent que l'entrée des banques étrangères est associée à une augmentation de la rentabilité des banques domestiques. Nous avons constaté que les fusions-acquisitions entre des banques domestiques et étrangères ont un effet positif sur la rentabilité des banques domestiques, en particulier pour les activités nécessitant le moins d’expertise. / The first chapter of my thesis is the general literature review of mergers and acquisitions in the banking industry. The second chapter provides an empirical analysis founded on the Malmquist total factor productivity change. I analyze China's 14 commercial banks from year 1998 to year 2007 by making use of Malmquist total factor productivity index. The results show that these 14 Chinese commercial banks experienced average of 6.3% annual productivity growth rate. The third chapter of my thesis is a theoretical model about impact of the entry of foreign banks for domestic banking industry. I select three entry modes: the creation of a new subsidiary, the M&A activity with a State Owned Bank and the M\&A activity with Joint Stock Banks. The model considered the conditions under which domestic bank shareholders increase their profits after an entry mode corresponding to cases (2) and (3). The fourth chapter of my thesis is based on the theoretical model of chapter 3, I conduct an empirical analysis. This chapter is concerned mainly the foreign bank entry effect in developing Asian economies. Using a data set of 86 banks from 6 Asian countries (China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Philippines and Thailand) for the 1998-2011 period, this chapter examines the effect of foreign banks M&As activities in domestic banking industry. Our results indicate that foreign bank entry is associated with an increase in domestic banks' profitability and the level of foreign bank penetration is more important than whether foreign bank conducted M&A activities with domestic banks.

金融業健全與否對於一國之經濟發展關係密切，近年來本國銀行積極朝海外市場發展。本文從金融全球化的角度探討國際化對我國銀行業經營績效之影響，首先，根據統計資料分別檢視我國銀行業國際化程度與外資銀行進入程度，其次，利用多元迴歸分析法探討2005-2013年本國銀行國際化與外資銀行進入程度對我國銀行整體財務績效之影響，最後，進一步分析國際化策略之不同是否會造成銀行間之績效差異，以下為本文研究結果： 分別從海外分支機構占總機構比例、海外資產占總資產比例、海外收益占總收益比例三個面向檢視我國銀行業國際化程度，可以發現除了海外收益比率呈現先下滑後上升之外，基本上近十年來是呈現穩定成長的趨勢，至2014年底為止，我國銀行之國際化程度分別為10.4%、17.5%、19.3%。在外資銀行進入程度方面，同樣從外資銀行分支機構占國內銀行總機構比例、外資銀行資產占總資產比例、外資銀行收益占總收益比例三個面向檢視，至2013年底為止，外資銀行進入程度分別為4.7%、14%、13.5%。整體而言並不算太高。 在本國銀行國際化方面，研究結果顯示三種國際化變數FSTS、FATA、OSTS對於ROA、ROE皆呈現顯著正相關；外資銀行進入程度方面，FATA2、OSTS2對於ROA、ROE皆呈現顯著正相關。表示國際化確實對於我國銀行之財務績效有正面助益。最後進一步分析國際化策略差異之影響，發現採用攻擊型國際化策略之銀行績效顯著高於防禦型國際化策略之銀行，唯邊際效果並不顯著，因此建議銀行業可積極採取至具高成長潛力的海外國家設立據點的國際化策略。 / The robustness of the financial sector is usually closely related to a country’s economic development. In recent years, domestic banks have proactively expanded into overseas markets. This study investigates the influence of internationalization on the performance of Taiwan’s banking sector in terms of financial globalization. First, the degree of internationalization of Taiwan’s banking industry and the extent of foreign bank entry will separately examined on the basis of statistical data. Next, the effects of the domestic banks’ internationalization and foreign banks entry on overall financial performance of Taiwan banks from 2005-2013 will be evaluated by applying the multiple regression analysis. Finally, a further analysis on whether the various internationalization strategies will lead to different performance among the banks will be conducted. The results of this study are as follows: The degree of internationalization of Taiwan’s banking sector is explored from the following aspects: the proportion of oversea branches, the ratios of oversea assets, and the percentage of oversea revenues. The results show that there has been a steady growth of oversea branches and assets in the past decade except oversea revenues that declined initially but rose later. The degree of internationalization of Taiwan’s banking sector was 10.4%, 17.5%, 19.3% respectively by the end of 2014. Similarly, the degree of foreign bank entry is inspected from the following aspects: the proportion of foreign bank branches, the ratios of foreign bank assets, and the percentage of foreign bank revenues. The percentage of foreign banks entry was 4.7%, 14%, 13.5% by the end of 2013. Overall, this rate is not too high. When it comes to domestic banks’ internalization, the results demonstrate that three variables FSTS, FATA, and OSTS are significantly positively correlated with ROA, and ROE. As for the foreign bank entry level, FATA2, OSTS2 are significantly positively correlated with ROA and ROE. This indicates that globalization does have a positive effect on the financial performance of Taiwan’s banks. Finally, as far as the further analysis of internationalization strategies is concerned, it is found that banks with offensive approaches have significantly higher performance than those with defensive approaches. However, the marginal effect is not significant. Thus, it is recommended that the banking industry can adopt an aggressive internationalization strategy to establish overseas branches in countries which have a high growth potential.