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Melhorias de processos : integrando princípios da produção enxuta e dos sistemas complexos em um hospitalRosso, Caroline Brum January 2016 (has links)
A crescente demanda por serviços de saúde, juntamente com a necessidade de proporcionar um cuidado com qualidade e com segurança, trazem desafios para as instituições que trabalham nessa área. Buscando-se soluções para esse problema, hospitais vêm aderindo a filosofia Lean Healthcare (LH), contudo é necessário ressaltar a dificuldade que essas aplicações podem ter, em longo prazo, por ser uma abordagem distinta da gestão tradicional e não levar em consideração a natureza complexa da saúde. Esse estudo buscou em desenvolver um Framework para análise e intervenção em Sistemas Complexos (SC), por meio da integração entre princípios de gestão de sistemas enxutos e princípios da ciência da complexidade. Para isso, lançou-se mão de métodos, como mapeamento de fluxo de valor, mapeamento de processos e Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM). O Framework proposto estruturou-se em 6 etapas, sendo construído por meio da Design Science Research. O estudo aplicado ocorreu em um hospital universitário na análise do fluxo do paciente grave do Serviço de Emergência para a Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Como resultado dessa aplicação, foi possível identificar 16 problemas nesse fluxo, propondo-se um plano de ação para um dos problemas e simulando os potenciais impactos por meio da utilização do FRAM. Concluiu-se que é possível unificar as visões de LH e de SC, gerandose uma visão aprofundada dos problemas enfrentados no cotidiano dos serviços da saúde, criando meios para intervenções mais seguras e que proporcionem maior qualidade no cuidado prestado ao paciente. / The increasing demand for healthcare, altogether with the necessity to provide quality and secure care, bring challenges for institutions in this domain. Pursuing solutions for this problem, hospitals are implementing Lean Healthcare (LH) philosophy, although, it is important to consider difficulties that this application might have in a long term. This is due to the fact LH differs from a tradition approach and does not take in consideration the complex nature of healthcare systems. This study sought to develop a Framework for analysis and intervention in Complex Systems (CS) through integration of principals from Lean Production Management and Complex Science. In this way, methods such as Value Stream Mapping, Process Mapping, and Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) were used. The proposed Framework had six stages, been based in Design Science Research. The Framework application took place in an university hospital, focusing in the critically ill patients flow from the emergency service to the intensive therapy unit. As a result, it was possible to identify 16 problems in the flow and an action plan was proposed for one problem using FRAM for potential impacts simulation. In conclusion, the integration of LH and CS was possible, generating a deeper understanding of day-by-day problems in healthcare, creating means for secure interventions and allowing more quality in patient care.
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Zooming the Zoomers : The portrayal of older consumers in printed adverts and the perceptions of this portrayal of younger and older consumersHolkko Lafourcade, Johanna, Josefsson, Lisa January 2010 (has links)
Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is two folded: firstly to do a content analysis on how consumers older than 55 years (Zoomers) are portrayed in advertisements in the largest Swedish magazines, and secondly, to uncover what perceptions of this portrayal that older and younger consumers have. Background: The population of the world is growing older, and thus older consumers (+55) are a large and rapidly growing group of the population which also are strong in purchasing power. Research indicates that older consumers are neglected in advertisement, which might be due to a low participation rate of older models in adverts. Some researchers indicate that this is due to a fear among advertisers to use older models in advertisement since it could alienate younger consumers from purchasing the products. Previous research is ambiguous concerning the effectiveness of using older models in adverts. Therefore, this thesis will examine how Zoomers are portrayed in adverts and what perceptions older and younger consumers have on this portrayal. Method: The purpose of this thesis was fulfilled by conducting a magazine content analysis of adverts, and by conducting focus groups with Zoomers respectively consumers aged 20-30 years. To analyze the results, theories with a base in psychology and advertising was used, e.g. the cognitive age theory, the key concept theory and the self-discrepancy theory. Conclusion: Zoomers are included in 14 percent of Swedish adverts and are portrayed in a positive manner, which is a portrayal both older and younger consumers are content with. Zoomers want to be included more frequently and indications are discovered that younger consumers might be positive to an increased use of older models in adverts when trust is essential. / Syfte: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är tudelat; för det fösta, att göra en innehållsanalys på hur konsumenter äldre än 55 år (Zoomers) framställs i reklam i de största svenska veckotidningarna. Och för det andra, att undersöka vilka åsikter äldre och yngre konsumenter har om hur Zoomers framställs i reklam. Bakgrund: Världens befolkning blir allt äldre och äldre konsumenter (+55) är en stor och snabbt växande grupp i samhället, som även besitter stor köpkraft. Forskning visar att äldre konsumenter försummas i reklam, något som kan bero på att äldre modeller sällan används i reklamannonser. Vissa forskare menar att detta beror på att reklammakarna är skeptiska till användandet av äldre modeller, på grund av en rädsla att yngre konsumenter ska sluta köpa produkterna. Befintlig forskning är tvetydig gällande effektiviteten att använda äldre modeller i reklamannonser. Därför undersöker den här uppsatsen hur Zoomers framställs i reklam och vilka åsikter yngre och äldre konsumenter har om detta. Metod: För att uppfylla uppsatsens syfte så gjordes en innehållsanalys på tryckt tidningsreklam, samt fokusgrupper med Zoomers och konsumenter i ålder 20-30 år. För att analysera resultaten användes teorier med sin bas inom psykologi, bland andra; the cognitive age theory, the key concept theory and the self-discrepancy theory. Slutsats: Zoomers är inkluderade i 14 procent av tryckta annonser och är positivt framställda, vilket både äldre och yngre konsumenter var nöjda med. Zoomers vill synas mer i reklam och indikationer upptäcktes angående att yngre konsumenter kan ställa sig positiva till en ökad användning av äldre modeller i reklam där trovärdighet är viktigt.
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Zooming the Zoomers : The portrayal of older consumers in printed adverts and the perceptions of this portrayal of younger and older consumersHolkko Lafourcade, Johanna, Josefsson, Lisa January 2010 (has links)
<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this thesis is two folded: firstly to do a content analysis on how consumers older than 55 years (Zoomers) are portrayed in advertisements in the largest Swedish magazines, and secondly, to uncover what perceptions of this portrayal that older and younger consumers have.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Background:</strong> The population of the world is growing older, and thus older consumers (+55) are a large and rapidly growing group of the population which also are strong in purchasing power. Research indicates that older consumers are neglected in advertisement, which might be due to a low participation rate of older models in adverts. Some researchers indicate that this is due to a fear among advertisers to use older models in advertisement since it could alienate younger consumers from purchasing the products. Previous research is ambiguous concerning the effectiveness of using older models in adverts. Therefore, this thesis will examine how Zoomers are portrayed in adverts and what perceptions older and younger consumers have on this portrayal.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The purpose of this thesis was fulfilled by conducting a magazine content analysis of adverts, and by conducting focus groups with Zoomers respectively consumers aged 20-30 years. To analyze the results, theories with a base in psychology and advertising was used, e.g. the cognitive age theory, the key concept theory and the self-discrepancy theory.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Zoomers are included in 14 percent of Swedish adverts and are portrayed in a positive manner, which is a portrayal both older and younger consumers are content with. Zoomers want to be included more frequently and indications are discovered that younger consumers might be positive to an increased use of older models in adverts when trust is essential.</p> / <p><strong>Syfte: </strong>Syftet med den här uppsatsen är tudelat; för det fösta, att göra en innehållsanalys på hur konsumenter äldre än 55 år (Zoomers) framställs i reklam i de största svenska veckotidningarna. Och för det andra, att undersöka vilka åsikter äldre och yngre konsumenter har om hur Zoomers framställs i reklam.</p><p><strong>Bakgrund:</strong> Världens befolkning blir allt äldre och äldre konsumenter (+55) är en stor och snabbt växande grupp i samhället, som även besitter stor köpkraft. Forskning visar att äldre konsumenter försummas i reklam, något som kan bero på att äldre modeller sällan används i reklamannonser. Vissa forskare menar att detta beror på att reklammakarna är skeptiska till användandet av äldre modeller, på grund av en rädsla att yngre konsumenter ska sluta köpa produkterna. Befintlig forskning är tvetydig gällande effektiviteten att använda äldre modeller i reklamannonser. Därför undersöker den här uppsatsen hur Zoomers framställs i reklam och vilka åsikter yngre och äldre konsumenter har om detta.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Metod: </strong>För att uppfylla uppsatsens syfte så gjordes en innehållsanalys på tryckt tidningsreklam, samt fokusgrupper med Zoomers och konsumenter i ålder 20-30 år. För att analysera resultaten användes teorier med sin bas inom psykologi, bland andra; the cognitive age theory, the key concept theory and the self-discrepancy theory.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Slutsats:</strong> Zoomers är inkluderade i 14 procent av tryckta annonser och är positivt framställda, vilket både äldre och yngre konsumenter var nöjda med. Zoomers vill synas mer i reklam och indikationer upptäcktes angående att yngre konsumenter kan ställa sig positiva till en ökad användning av äldre modeller i reklam där trovärdighet är viktigt.</p>
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Statické posouzení vybraných částí ŽB objektu / Static Analysis of Selected Parts of RC BuildingChalupová, Martina January 2019 (has links)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to design, structural check of rainforced elements. The slab, column, wall and staircase is desinged. The internal forces are obtained from Finite Element Method and are checked with the supplementary frame method. The design of elements is based on internal forces form FInite Element Method. Service limite state is check for the slab. All calculations were performed in accordance with valid standard.
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Between Equality and Discrimination : A policy analysis of the EU Framework for national Roma integration strategies up to 2020Todorovic, Tijana January 2019 (has links)
The EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies up to 2020, is a policy that seeks to integrate Roma in the fields of education, employment, healthcare and housing, and to combat and prevent discrimination and promote equality. The problem formulation that motivates this study is the phenomenon of discrimination that Roma population experience on the soil of European Union, funded on the principles of equality and non-discrimination. The aim of this paper is to carry out a policy analysis of the EU Framework with the goal to reveal in what ways the policy aims to combat discrimination and promote equality for Roma, the largest minority in the EU. Theoretical framework relies on the principle of equality and its influence on discrimination in the context of human rights. This research carries out a qualitative case study of Roma, in combination with policy analysis as method. Results found, after conducted analysis, shows that the EU Framework doesn’t generate a rich concept of equality that can prevent, and combat discrimination based on racial and ethnic origin of Roma. The EU Framework doesn’t concretize various forms of discrimination towards Roma, nor address the phenomenon of anti-gypsyism as a main barrier to Roma inclusion. / EU-ramverk för nationella strategier för romsk inkludering fram till 2020 är en policy som åsyftar till att integrera Romer inom områden för utbildning, sysselsättning, hälso- och sjukvård samt bostäder. Ramverket söker att bekämpa diskriminering och främja jämställdhet. Problemformuleringen som denna studie vilar på är diskrimineringen som romer utsätts för i EU. Syftet med denna studie är att genomföra en policy analys av EU:s ramverk med målet att avslöja på vilka sätt policyn syftar till att bekämpa diskriminering av Romer och främja jämställdhet. Teorin bygger på principen om jämlikhet, vilket hjälper till att undersöka de konkreta sätten som diskriminering kan bekämpas på med rätten till jämlik behandling i mänskliga rättigheters kontext. Denna studie är en kvalitativ fallstudie av Romer i kombination med policy analys av EU:s ramverk. Resultatet visar att EU:s ramverk inte genererar en omfattande jämställdhetsprincip som är tillräcklig för att förebygga och bekämpa diskriminering av Romer. EU:s ramverk konkretiserar inte olika former av diskriminering som romer upplever i sina dagliga liv. Policyn behandlar inte heller fenomenet anti-ziganism som ett huvudhinder för inkluderingen av romer.
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