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Simulering av klimatstyrning i Härnevi kyrka : påverkan på fuktupplagringen i en medeltida stenvägg / Climate control simulation in Härnevi church : moisture storage analysis of a medieval stone wallThor, Henric, Jesper, Håkansson January 2018 (has links)
This thesis examines how the moisture content of a stone wall from the 15th century varies with different types of climate control. The simulations in this report is based on measured data from sensors placed inside and outside Härnevi Church north of Enköping. The measured data are processed to simulate different climate control strategies in the church porch. The simulated climate control strategies are temperature control and air-dehumidification, the systems are controlled against either a mold risk curve or a fixed maximum value for the relative humidity. The simulations are performed with the program WUFI Pro 6.1; which performs onedimensional hygrothermal calculations of building component crosssections and is an alternative to the traditional Glaser-Method.Many climate simulations have been performed, though only four are fully accounted for in this dissertation. Simulations that have not resulted in surface conditions below the mold risk curve LIM I has not been included in the investigation process. Simulation results are based on climate controls against "fixed relative humidity max 71%" and "mold risk curve LIM I-10 percentage points". The results show that the desorption process of the wall is similar to all four simulations but provides different absorption processes, control against the mould risk curve allows the wall a faster water content build up. The simulations show that control against the mould risk curve results in a greater moisture storage in the wall during the winter months; compared to control the climate against a constant relative humidity. During summertime there is no significant difference in moisture storage between the various climate control simulations. The operating time to control against the mould risk curve for one year is roughly 1000 hours less than control against constant relative humidity. When considering the results in this report together with Härnevi church's current heating system, this dissertation recommends a climate control based on temperature control against a mould risk curve. The results also show the importance of investigating the difference between the mold ratio in the air and on the surface of the wall to perform a proper and safe climate control.
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Fukttillstånd i betongplatta på mark : Ett experimentellt försök att jämföra teori med praktikSelén, Niklas, Söderström, Tom January 2017 (has links)
When casting the slab in a slab-on-ground structure most of the drying will occur through the surface of the slab, which is in contact with the air. This will create a non-uniform internal moisture distribution. With the top of the slab drying faster it will also have a faster shrinkage due to drying, which in turn leads to stress in the surface layers of the slab as these wants to contract. With the slab wanting to assume a curled geometry, but being restricted by external loads and self-weight, cracks will usually appear in the surface (Lange, Lee & Liu, 2011). A concrete slab-on-ground does not dehydrate the same way as, for example, floor bellows or wall elements which has the same climate on both sides. The ground beneath a heated building standing on a slab-on-ground structure is warm and moist with a relative moisture close to 100%. After carefully examining moisture damaged slab-on-ground structures it was concluded that the temperature and moisture behavior in this type of structure is more complicated than earlier presumed. In an attempt to broaden the basis of knowledge about humidity conditions under a concrete slab-on-ground structure, measurements were performed on an existing slab. The Council for Construction Competence (Rådet för ByggKompetens, RBK) sets the industry standard regarding moisture measurement in Sweden. In 2017 the method recommended by RBK for moisture measurement in concrete includes drilling a hole in the slab, sealing it with a plastic pipe and mounting the sensor inside. This is the method that was used for measurements in this paper. Three different measurement locations in the slab along with two sensors mounted at every location was used to gather data. The results from the measurements show that the relative humidity near the bottom of the slab is close to 100%. The results from the sensors range from 90% to 100% RH with the majority of the results very close to 100% RH. The results discovered in this paper supports the assumption that the ground beneath a slab-on-ground structure is close to 100% RH. / Vid gjutning av en betongplatta på mark sker uttorkning främst genom ovansidan av plattan. De övre skikten av betongen får en snabbare uttorkning än de undre skikten, detta tillsammans med den krympning som sker under uttorkningen skapar spänningar i betongplattan. Fenomenet gör att plattan vill böja upp sig i kanterna men på grund av egentyngd samt laster ovanifrån uttrycker sig spänningarna istället som sprickor på ovansidan (Lange, Lee & Liu, 2011). Uttorkning av en betongplatta på mark skiljer sig från uttorkning av t.ex. väggelement och mellanbjälklag som har samma klimat på bägge sidor. Marken under en uppvärmd byggnad med grundkonstruktionen platta på mark antas vara varm och fuktig med en relativ fukthalt nära 100 %. Efter noggrann undersökning av fuktskadade platta på mark konstruktioner har det visat sig att temperatur- och fuktbeteende i dessa konstruktioner är mer komplicerade än tidigare förmodat. För att bredda underlaget för de fuktförhållanden som råder i underkant av en betongplatta på mark utfördes mätningar i en befintlig betongplatta. Rådet för ByggKompetens, RBK är de som bestämmer branschstandarden inom fuktmätning i Sverige. Från 2017 är den enda metoden för fuktmätning i betong som RBK rekommenderar en metod där ett hål borras i betongplattan, tätas med ett foderrör och en RF-givare monteras inuti. Denna metod användes vid mätningarna i detta arbete. Tre olika mätpunkter med två RF-givare vid varje mätpunkt har använts vid mätningarna. Resultaten från mätningarna visar på att den relativa fuktigheten i betongplattans underkant är nära 100 %. Resultaten från givarna varierade mellan 90 % till 100 % RF där majoriteten av resultaten ligger väldigt nära 100 % RF. I och med dessa resultat styrker denna rapport antagandet om att marken under en platta på mark har en RF på 100 % eller väldigt nära.
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