Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, 1921. / The entire thesis text is included in file. Typescript. Illustrated by author. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed May 25, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 27).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1956. / Typescript. Abstracted in Dissertation abstracts, v. 17 (1957) no. 3, p. 584. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 170-173).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1960. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

The purpose of this investigation was to form various derivatives of phlorogluc inol and to treat these with furfural in hydrochloric acid solution to see if, in this manner, a clearer understanding of the nature of the reaction between furfural and phloroglucinol night not ue ascertained.

No description available.

Since the early 1920s, when furfural was first produced, several other processing routes have been developed but none have been able to produce yields comparable to those obtained in the standard TAPPI procedure for xylan which almost completely converts xylan to furfural. Karl Zeitsch, a German chemist, believed that the key feature of a process which could achieve high yields was rapid removal of the furfural on formation. Zeitsch suggested using gas phase HCl catalysis to produce gaseous furfural from xylan containing material, the process was titled s-Suprayield. The experimental apparatus heated a water and HCl solution to a superheated vapour phase and then allowed for contact of the vapour and a bed of pentosan-containing material (in this case sunflower husks). The raw material was analysed by the TAPPI procedure for xylose while the product solutions were analysed for HCl, acetic acid and furfural by titration and refractive index. Tests were performed at four acid concentrations of 0.5, 1.1, 2.2, 4.3% wt and three different temperatures viz. 163ºC, 152 ºC and 144 ºC. The best yields of over 80% were achieved when an acid concentration of 4.3% was used. Temperature did not appear to be as significant a factor as acid concentration in affecting the furfural yield. At an acid concentration of 0.5% the yield was low ranging from 33% to 42%. The reactor modelling was used to verify the results. The s-Suprayield process has been demonstrated to be successful at mini-pilot plant scale indicating that a process using gaseous catalysis to produce furfural at moderate temperatures and low acid concentrations can work and that further exploration of this process should be undertaken for potential industrial use. Acid concentration was observed to have a significant effect on the reaction yield while the effect of temperature was not clear from the experimental results. Further work should focus on understanding the reaction kinetic and the development of a laboratory scale test method for which parameters such as gas flow rate and temperature can be properly controlled. Product analysis should be more rigorous with the use of an HPLC. / Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1961. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-50).

Les catalyseurs bimétalliques Fe-Ni ont été mentionnés comme présentant des propriétés intéressantes pour l'hydrogénation sélective des fonctions oxygénées. Le but de cette thèse est de préparer des nanoparticules bimétalliques Fe-Ni supportées sur SiO2, de structure, de taille et de composition homogènes, et de mettre en évidence les interactions entre les deux métaux, pour relier la présence de Fe et de Ni, dans les particules et à leur surface, aux performances catalytiques. La méthode de préparation choisie est le depôt-précipitation à l'urée sous atmosphère inerte, et conduit à une phase phyllosilicate. Les nanoparticules d'alliage Fe-Ni se forment au travers de trois étapes de réduction entre 275 et 700 °C: (1) réduction des ions Fe(III) en Fe(II) dans la phase phyllosilicate; (2) destruction de la phase phyllosilicate et réduction de Ni(II) en Ni(0), qui provoque la réduction progressive des ions Fe(II) à l'état métallique et la formation de particules bimétalliques cubique faces centrées (cfc) riches en Ni; (3) achèvement de la réduction des ions Fe(II) et migration de Fe(0) vers le coeur des nanoparticules Fe-Ni. La distribution en taille des particules cfc Fe-Ni est étroite, dans l'intervalle 4-7 nm. La composition globale mesurée sur des particules individuelles présente un écart-type de seulement 8 at%. Les nanoparticules possèdent une couche externe enrichie en Fe. Les spécificités des catalyseurs Fe31Ni69/SiO2 et Fe27Ni73/SiO2 quant à leur rendement élevé en alcool furfurylique sont expliquées d'une part par une réductibilité optimale, d'autre part par la présence majoritaire du Fe oxophile et par un rapport Fe/Ni adéquat à la surface des particules. / Bimetallic Fe-Ni catalysts have been reported to exhibit interesting properties for the selective hydrogenation of oxygenated functions. The purpose of this PhD is to prepare SiO2-supported Fe-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles of homogeneous structure, size and composition, and to evidence the interplay between the two metals, in order to unambiguously link the presence of Fe and Ni within the particles and at their surface with their catalytic performances. Deposition-precipitation with urea under inert atmosphere has been selected as the method to prepare the catalysts, and leads to the formation of a phyllosilicate phase. Fe-Ni alloyed nanoparticles form upon three stages of reduction between 275 and 700 °C: (1) reduction of Fe(III) ions to Fe(II) in the phyllosilicate phase; (2) destruction of the phyllosilicate phase and reduction of Ni(II) to Ni(0), which triggers the progressive reduction of Fe(II) ions to the metallic state and the formation of face-centred cubic (fcc) Ni-rich bimetallic particles; (3) completion of the reduction of Fe(II) ions and migration of Fe(0) to the core of the Fe-Ni nanoparticles. The size distribution of the fcc Fe-Ni nanoparticles is narrow, in the 4-7 nm range. The global composition measured on individual particles exhibits a standard deviation of only 8 at%. The nanoparticles possess an outer oxidic shell enriched in Fe. The specificities of the Fe31Ni69/SiO2 and Fe27Ni73/SiO2 catalysts with respect to their high yield in furfuryl alcohol are explained on the one hand by an optimum reducibility, on the other hand by the major presence of oxophilic Fe and by an adequate Fe/Ni balance at the surface of the particles.

This study describes the creation of various furfural derivatives and their respective light sensitivity.