Diss. Univ. St. Gallen, 2007.

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE ARTISTBy Matthew Dale Gamble, Master's of Fine ArtA research statement submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master's of Fine Art at Virginia Commonwealth University.Virginia Commonwealth University, 2005Committee Chair: Ruth Bolduan, Associate Professor Painting and PrintmakingIn this paper I start at the very beginning in my life and introduce the reader to my earliest surroundings, the structure of my family life and the dynamic of the individuals involved. I write about the major points of my youth and continue into adulthood, concluding the first chapter with how I came to be here. I than go into my artistic development, major role models, color theory, writings of interest, and my personal theory on art making. I finish the essay with my personal habits and outlook on my future.

The purpose of this paper is to study underground Mark Six, which is among the most popular activities in Taiwan. Although it involves complicated financial transaction and lots of people, the deriving debt has no legal status according to principle ¡§the gamble debt is illegal¡¨ proscribed in Taiwanese civil law. This thesis focuses on how this system operates without the assurance of the legal system, which is widely believed as the foundation of modern property right. This Data were collected by in-depth interview and participant observation, including 23 interviewers in three main roles and other related actors, gamblers, brokers, bankers, and then, observing the transaction details of underground Mark Six in the illegal casino to analyze the issue specifically. This study identities three major mechanisms that maintain the operation of underground Mark Six: social Network, violence and risk Management. First, the definition of Social network is the relationship construction under the illegal Mark Six transaction. Trust and reputation, derived from the social network, protect transaction safety as a normative force. Next, the mechanism of violence is the transaction progress which judges in underworld way. Also, the mechanism of violence has the technique of evasion of law. Third, the mechanism of risk management is by different layers' actors to work on, and therefore, these actors cause the variation of transaction rule, method and restriction. In order to avoid debt quarrel, for instance, gamblers in lower layer usually decrease the risks by separating the creditor's right to different uplinks.For the brokers in the middle layer, they use a specific transaction record to insure the transaction execution. What's more is that the bankers in the top layer would control the signed Mark Six number for some specific number to prevent a horrible ¡§Hot Pack¡¨ result. I also find that recently Underground Mark Six is toward network technology, gathering with the traditional manual operation. These two executions so called ¡§Computer Operation¡¨ and ¡§Paper Operation.¡¨ Computer operation, moreover, is toward to be an institutionalization franchise, leading the Underground Mark Six to a technology operation, especially for account and managing risk.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-134).

Zugl.: Innsbruck, Univ., Diss., 2006

This thesis deals with the changes in the organizational structure of the IT department at Procter & Gamble over the past 9 years. During this time, the originally functionally and geographically scattered IT function, has been integrated into a centralized function and renamed to Information and Decision Solutions, to mark its shift in direction from a support function to a true strategic partner of the various PG businesses. This function was then further integrated in to the Global Business Service shared-service organization. The non-strategic services have been outsourced, mainly to Hewlett Packard, to allow GBS to focus on IT-driven innovation and bringing more value to the Company. To achieve this goal, GBS has undergone several changes in its structure, to emerge today as an organization with a "hypertext-bureaucracy" hybrid structure. This allows for a flexible, process-based approach, enabling to GBS address the biggest priorities as they arise. The changes have nevertheless brought about some difficulties, whose implications and ideas for mitigation are explored towards the end of this thesis.

No description available.

Evaluer le vécu des examens complémentaires en terme d'utilité est pertinent car cela permet de prendre en compte cette donnée dans l'évaluation médico-économique des examens. Le Standard gamble n'a jamais été utilisé pour mesurer l'utilité des examens ; son application dans ce cas pose des problèmes méthodologiques liés à la nature temporaire de l'état évalué. Nous proposons une adaptation du Standard gamble chaîné (SGc) pour mesurer l'utilité des examens. Nous avons mené une étude transversale pour évaluer le vécu des examens du dépistage et du diagnostic initial du cancer du sein en pratique clinique courante. Le vécu a été mesuré en terme (1) d'utilité avec le SGc et une méthode dérivée du Time trade-off, le Wait trade-off (WTO) et (2) de qualité de vie avec un questionnaire standardisé (index TMI). Dans 5 services de radiologie de Montpellier et sa région, 185 patientes ayant eu une mammographie +/- échographie mammaire (68), une IRM mammaire (60) ou une biopsie du sein (57) avec un résultat négatif ont été interrogées après l'annonce du résultat. Les scénarios du SGc ont été bien compris par les patientes (temps d'entretien : 20-30 minutes). Dans les repères (e0, e1) et (décès, e1), 61.0% et 84.0% des patientes avaient une utilité égale à 1. L'utilité du SGc dans le repère (e0, e1) variait avec le type d'examen (p=0.12) et était associé à certaines variables de la qualité de vie (p=0.11 et p=0.036). La mesure n'était pas corrélée avec le WTO. Dans le repère (décès, pleine santé), la désutilité moyenne de l'examen obtenue par le SGc et par le WTO était : 0.0004 (et=0.0015) et 0.0010 (et=0.0031) pour la mammographie, 0.0004 (et=0.0027) et 0.0011 (et=0.0027) pour l'IRM mammaire et 0.0014 (et=0.0073) et 0.0036 (et=0.0083) pour la biopsie du sein. En conclusion, le SGc était compréhensible par les patients mais montrait un effet plafond important quand la mesure était rapportée dans le repère (décès, e1) ; cet effet devra être pris en compte dans les utilisations ultérieures de la mesure. / To evaluate the health impact of diagnostic testing in terms of utility is relevant because introducing this data in the economic evaluation of tests. The Standard gamble has never been used to measure the utility of diagnostic tests; there is methodological problems related to the temporary nature of the condition evaluated. We propose an adaptation of the chained Standard gamble (SGc) to measure the utility of diagnostic tests. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the health impact of the screening and diagnostic tests of breast cancer in clinical practice. The health impact was measured in terms of (1) utility with the SGc and an adapted version of the Time trade-off, the Wait trade-off (WTO) and (2) quality of life with a standardized questionnaire (index TMI). In 5 departments of radiology in Montpellier area, 185 patients who had a mammography +/- breast echography (68) or a breast MRI (60) or a breast biopsy (57) with a negative result were interviewed after the announcement of the results. The patients understood well the SGc scenarios (interview time : 20-30 minutes). In (e0, e1) and (death, e1), 61.0% and 84.0% of patients had utility equal to 1. The utility of the SGc in (e0, e1) varied with the type of test (P=0.12) and was associated with some variables of quality of life (P=0.11 and P=0.036). The measure was not correlated with the WTO. In (death, perfect health), the average disutility of the test measured by the SGc and the WTO was: 0.0004 (SD=0.0015) and 0.0010 (SD=0.0031) for the mammography, 0.0004 (SD=0.0027) and 0.0011 (SD=0.0027) for the breast MRI and 0.0014 (SD=0.0073) and 0.0036 (SD=0.0083) for the breast biopsy. In conclusion, the SGc was understandable by patients but showed a significant ceiling effect in (death, e1); this effect should be taken into account in subsequent uses of the measure.

<p>The purpose of this thesis is to extract and provide practical knowledge and examples from both theory and practice in order to clarify some practices that can be used in the implementation of open innovation. It can be of interest for whomever willing to gain an insight into the practical features of open innovation and for companies considering, or struggling with the implementation of open innovation.</p><p>The study was approached with a qualitative and interpretive method. Secondary sources were used exclusively to review the practical aspects of open innovation in theory and practice. Open innovation practice at Nokia Corp. and the Procter & Gamble Company were researched and reported using studies of other authors as well as the companies’ own publications.</p><p>The classification of open innovation practices in contemporary literature is not sufficient to provide an understanding for the various types of open innovation practices that can be applied and used in practice. A classification based on types of activities is presented by the authors, and practical suggestions regarding design and implementation concludes the thesis.</p>

The purpose of this thesis is to extract and provide practical knowledge and examples from both theory and practice in order to clarify some practices that can be used in the implementation of open innovation. It can be of interest for whomever willing to gain an insight into the practical features of open innovation and for companies considering, or struggling with the implementation of open innovation. The study was approached with a qualitative and interpretive method. Secondary sources were used exclusively to review the practical aspects of open innovation in theory and practice. Open innovation practice at Nokia Corp. and the Procter &amp; Gamble Company were researched and reported using studies of other authors as well as the companies’ own publications. The classification of open innovation practices in contemporary literature is not sufficient to provide an understanding for the various types of open innovation practices that can be applied and used in practice. A classification based on types of activities is presented by the authors, and practical suggestions regarding design and implementation concludes the thesis.