The present study set out to examine whether negative goal-performance discrepancy (GPD) feedback for one task could have a negative effect on goal-setting associated with an unrelated, distinct task. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. Results show that large versus small negative GPD feedback on a creativity task impacted levels of specific self-efficacy for a stock-predicting task, which indicated a motivational spillover effect. However, large negative GPD on the creativity task was not evidenced to impact performance goals for the stock-predicting task, as hypothesized. Results also indicate that the larger the magnitude of negative GPD feedback, the more individuals experienced an increase in negative mood and decrease in positive mood, however mood was not evidenced to impact performance goals. / Master of Science

Few studies have examined whether performance feedback on a given task can have implications for motivational processes on an altogether distinct task. The present study proposes and tests a model for motivational spillover in a goal-setting context. Participants (N = 201) were provided with goal-performance discrepancy feedback (GPD) on a creativity task (CT) and were subsequently asked to complete an unrelated stock-predicting task (SPT). Results indicate that GPD feedback on the CTs was positively associated with positive affect such that negative GPDs resulted in low levels of positive affect and positive GPDs resulted in high levels of positive affect. This positive affect was in turn positively related to self-efficacy for the SPT. Self-efficacy was positively associated with personal goals, and goals were positively related to performance on the SPT. These findings provide initial evidence for the occurrence of positive and negative motivational spillover in a natural performance setting. / Ph. D.

<p>Inom Polisen finns ett behov av att renodla verksamheten, då de med åren fått ökade administrativa kostnader. Ett projekt startades inom Polisen och Statens kriminaltekniska laboratorium, där all ekonomi- och personaladministration ute på myndigheterna samlades på ett och samma ställe i ett servicecenter förlagt till Linköping. Syftet med studien är att utvärdera hur måluppfyllelsen för de mål som sattes upp för projektet upplevs. Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär, med en fallstudieliknande ansats, där 18 intervjuer genomfördes med de anställda på servicecentret, samt flertalet ur projektets styrgrupp.</p><p>Resultatet av studien är att organisationen har kommit långt med måluppfyllelsen, men att man inte har nått riktigt ända fram då studien visar att åtta av elva mål är helt uppfyllda i nuläget. Tre mål är alltså ännu inte helt uppfyllda, vilket kan bero på att många av målen är otydliga, kan tolkas olika och inte är så väl förankrade hos de anställda. Att utgå från några kriterier för hur mål bör formuleras tros förbättra måluppfyllelsen, men då organisationen ändå har lyckats uppfylla målen relativt väl är det ingen förutsättning för att lyckas. Då centret ännu inte är helt färdigt, utan på några års sikt skall utökas till att omfatta alla polismyndigheter i landet, tros många mål leva kvar och en bättre måluppfyllelse uppnås allt eftersom fler myndigheter ansluter sig till centret.</p> / <p>The Swedish Police has increased its administrative costs during the years making the ordinary police work suffer. A project started within The Swedish Police and The Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science. The project aimed to establish a shared service center for personnel and business administration. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the goals of the project have been reached or not. The study has a qualitative approach and is mainly based on 18 interviews with the employees at the shared service center and the directors of the four authorities. The result of the study is that the organization has come a long way in reaching the goals, and has today reached 8 out of the 11 goals for the project. The reasons for there being 3 goals left to reach may be that the goals are unclear and not so well anchored among the employees. Using criterias in formulating goals is thought to make it easier to fulfil the goals. Since the organization has fulfilled the goals quite well even though it has not followed all of the criterias, there is no guarantee for success to follow the criterias in formulating goals. Since the shared service center is not yet complete, but should in a few years include all police authorities in the country. Some goals should still be used and the goals will probably reach better goal performance as more authorities are added to the shared service center.</p>

Inom Polisen finns ett behov av att renodla verksamheten, då de med åren fått ökade administrativa kostnader. Ett projekt startades inom Polisen och Statens kriminaltekniska laboratorium, där all ekonomi- och personaladministration ute på myndigheterna samlades på ett och samma ställe i ett servicecenter förlagt till Linköping. Syftet med studien är att utvärdera hur måluppfyllelsen för de mål som sattes upp för projektet upplevs. Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär, med en fallstudieliknande ansats, där 18 intervjuer genomfördes med de anställda på servicecentret, samt flertalet ur projektets styrgrupp. Resultatet av studien är att organisationen har kommit långt med måluppfyllelsen, men att man inte har nått riktigt ända fram då studien visar att åtta av elva mål är helt uppfyllda i nuläget. Tre mål är alltså ännu inte helt uppfyllda, vilket kan bero på att många av målen är otydliga, kan tolkas olika och inte är så väl förankrade hos de anställda. Att utgå från några kriterier för hur mål bör formuleras tros förbättra måluppfyllelsen, men då organisationen ändå har lyckats uppfylla målen relativt väl är det ingen förutsättning för att lyckas. Då centret ännu inte är helt färdigt, utan på några års sikt skall utökas till att omfatta alla polismyndigheter i landet, tros många mål leva kvar och en bättre måluppfyllelse uppnås allt eftersom fler myndigheter ansluter sig till centret. / The Swedish Police has increased its administrative costs during the years making the ordinary police work suffer. A project started within The Swedish Police and The Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science. The project aimed to establish a shared service center for personnel and business administration. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the goals of the project have been reached or not. The study has a qualitative approach and is mainly based on 18 interviews with the employees at the shared service center and the directors of the four authorities. The result of the study is that the organization has come a long way in reaching the goals, and has today reached 8 out of the 11 goals for the project. The reasons for there being 3 goals left to reach may be that the goals are unclear and not so well anchored among the employees. Using criterias in formulating goals is thought to make it easier to fulfil the goals. Since the organization has fulfilled the goals quite well even though it has not followed all of the criterias, there is no guarantee for success to follow the criterias in formulating goals. Since the shared service center is not yet complete, but should in a few years include all police authorities in the country. Some goals should still be used and the goals will probably reach better goal performance as more authorities are added to the shared service center.

This study investigated the effects of grade level and gender on elementary school students&rsquo / motivation towards science learning. This study was carried out during 2007-2008 fall semester at 12 public elementary schools in Yenimahalle districts of Ankara. A total of 2231 students (1121 boys, 1093 girls, 17 did not report their gender) participated in the study. In terms of grade level, 1164 were enrolled in 6th grade level and 1055 in 8th grade (12 did not report their grade level). Data were collected through Students&rsquo / Motivation Towards Science Learning Questionnaire (SMTSL). Two-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was conducted in order to identify the effects of grade level and gender on six dimensions of motivation (i.e. self efficacy, active learning strategies, learning environment stimulation, science learning value, achievement goal and performance goal) towards science learning. Two-way MANOVA results showed that grade level and gender had a significant effect on the collective dependent variables. Follow-up univariate analysis indicated that there was a significant difference between 6th and 8th grade students&rsquo / motivation towards science learning regarding mean scores on each motivational variable. In addition, mean scores on each motivational variable, except leaning environment stimulation, were significantly different for boys and girls, in favors of girls. Result demonstrated that students&rsquo / motivation towards science learning declined as the grade level increased and girls had a higher motivation towards science learning than boys.

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