The issue focuses on Indian organizations, Indian Commissionership, American citizenship issues for Indians, and correspondence.

The issue focuses on the McDowell Indians and the Indian Commissioner appointment.

The issue focuses on the Society of American Indians and citizen's rights for Indians.

The issue focuses on the lack of importance on the Indian man versus the public's interest in Indian art and the bureaucracy issues in Alaska.

The issue focuses the problems with the Indian Bureau System.

The issue focuses on a paper excerpts from the Society of American Indian conference and problems with the Indian Bureau.

Magister Legum - LLM / This study focussed on the transformation of the institutions of local government from deconcentration, delegation to devolution. This transformation can be looked at starting with the institutions inherited from the colonial era, which started after the Berlin Conference of 1884, which divided Africa among the western powers. Then the transformation, which took place immediately after independence; that is the period of 1960s, the changes made in the 1980s and finally the transformation taking place following the multiparty democracy in the 1990s. The study looked at decentralisation during the colonial period; decentralisation after independence, with a particular focus on the institutions under a single party system; transformation of local government under multiparty system. It also examined the challenges facing decentralisation in the SADC region. / South Africa

The purpose of this study is to examine the organization and activities of the Native Brotherhood of British Columbia during the years 1931-1950 and to explore the impediments and incentives to native extra-kin organization in the province prior to and during this period. In preparing this thesis I have drawn on numerous secondary sources dealing with the historical development of Indian policy in British Columbia and also, works focusing on specific native organizations. In addition, I have used a report submitted by the Special Joint Committee appointed in 1927, to inquire into the claims of the Allied Tribes, as well as the Minutes and Proceedings of the Special Joint Committee which convened during the years 1946, 1947 and 1948 to revise the Indian Act. A native newspaper entitled The Native Voice was also utilized for the purposes of this study. The composition of British Columbia's Indian population is diverse, yet, despite the geographic, linguistic, social, political and cultural differences among the province's natives, organizations did develop. Two important catalysts existed within north coast society and pertained to the formation of native extra-kin organizations. For example, a hierarchical leadership structure which provided an able leadership base and the economic orientation of commercial fishing which provided the means of transportation and communication, both necessary to facilitate the growth and success of an organization. In addition, other factors acted as the triggering mechanisms which prompted natives to organize. First, a distinct historical experience; second, the concept of aboriginal title; and third, the Depression of the 1930's. The two organizations which preceded the Native Brotherhood were single issue, elite based organizations geared toward pressing the Provincial, Dominion and Imperial authorities to compensate natives for their loss of aboriginal rights to land and resources. Therefore, these organizations represent Phase One of native organization. The establishment of the Native Brotherhood of British Columbia in 1931 marked the beginning of a new phase of native organization in the province. The Brotherhood was a membership based organization which sought provincial representation. Furthermore, for the first time a native organization focused on a wider range of issues relating to the general welfare and inferior socio-political position of British Columbia natives. Therefore, the aims and objectives of the organization were Pan-Indian in nature. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate

Efforts to clarify aboriginal rights in Canada have centered around the demand by aboriginal people for a constitutionally entrenched right to self-government but the substance and character of that form of government are not defined. Comparative political studies have sought to identify possible features of self-government from other political systems. This study observes that in several European countries there are regions with high degrees of local autonomy then compares them to existing Canadian developments, endeavoring to see what might be learned. From Denmark, the Faroe Islands, and from the British Isles, the Isle of Man and Guernsey, are compared with the James Bay Cree (Quebec) and the Sechelt Band (British Columbia) self-governments and the proposed Territory of Nunavut in Canada. Material was gathered from the literature, from telephone interviews with administrators in the three European jurisdictions, and from personal interviews in Canada. The nascent Canadian experience with self-government includes many of the features of self-government in the European cases and leads to some optimism. Important issues in Canada such as the multitude of cases and the paucity of resources in some aboriginal communities require further study. / Arts, Faculty of / Political Science, Department of / Graduate

Although the rest of Canada has a long history of treaty making, British Columbia has refused to negotiate treaties with Natives since 1854. In 1991, B.C. reversed this position. Events across Canada in the years 1990 and 1991 provide a case study to explain why this decision was made. Quebec’s Oka crisis catalyzed the decision making process underway in B.C. First, during the Oka crisis, B.C. agreed to cooperate with the federal government on a strategy to settle Indian land claims. Second, following the Oka crisis, the First Nations and the federal and provincial governments set up the B.C. Claims Task Force to recommend how these negotiations should proceed. Third, the Task Force made recommendations to address numerous Native grievances and to prevent “another Oka.” Fourth, because of the changed political environment in B.C., both governments accepted all the Task Force’s recommendations by December 10, 1991. It can be argued that B.C. took a rational approach in making this decision to negotiate. The B.C. comprehensive claims conflict can be viewed as part of the evolution of the Native/non—Native relationship in Canada. In early Canada, the two parties initially cooperated through trading and military alliances. Next, in the coercive phase of their relationship, the parties interacted through treaty making and assimilation attempts. Starting in 1969, Natives used protests, lobbying, and legal cases to confront non—Natives. Although B.C. followed a similar pattern, this province’s most notable difference is that no major treaties were signed here. Now, by agreeing to negotiate comprehensive land claims, B.C. is starting to re—establish the cooperative relationship that Natives and non—Natives initially had. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate