Indian people in every agency in British Columbia suffered an injustice when the McKenna-McBride joint commission of the federal and provincial governments adjusted Indian reserve lands between 1913 and 1916. The report of this Royal Commission was amended before it was adopted by both governments in 1924, but the amendments only served to compound the inequity. This history of reserve land cut-offs in British Columbia considers the individual development of federal and provincial Indian land policies, the negotiations to homogenize them after union in 1871, and the efforts of Indians to resist reserve cut-offs. The primary sources, many of them generated by the reserve adjustment process of the Royal Commission, have allowed me to calculate the relative values of lands cut off or added by the commission, to discern the practical effects of the 1924 amendments, and to identify the principal consultants of the commission. These results, considered together with secondary sources which treat various aspects of reserve land cut-offs, indicate that the injustice was done at the insistence of the British Columbia government. Nevertheless, the federal government must share in the blame. It betrayed its role of protector of the Indians for the sake of creating a uniform Indian policy, no matter how unjust. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate

First, the fifty years history of the Lake Weishan dispute can be divided into three eras, in which Xieshang, Xietiao, and Weitiao have captured the political keywords in each phase. From 1953 to 1980, xieshang between regional governments had dominated the political process; from 1980 to 1990, xietiao by central government had switched to the prevailing tone, in which three Central Documents had been issued to resolve this dispute; from 1990 to 2003, weitiao has remained as the only rational procedure for resolving this enduring conflict. In fact, one common thread to needle this political trilogy is the governance model based on negotiation and compromise rather than coercion and obedience. / Second, the structural, procedural, and cultural factors are aligned to account for this governance model. In the structural dimension, a semi-corporatism model has characterized the dynamics of central-local relationship. Local government is not only the arms reached at the region from political central, but also the legitimate representative of its jurisdiction. In the procedural dimension, democratic centralism is a practical mechanism rather than an ideological propaganda in Chinese politics. In resolving the divisive conflicts inside the political system, democratic centralism is the central government's operational principle, which can be distinguished into democratic decision process and centralized implement process, thus contributing to the bounded democratic process. In cultural dimension, Chinese politics has a tradition emphasizing fairness, compromises and negotiation. / Third, the Chinese body politic has never been a garment without seams nor needles. Inside our gigantic political system, there are a great deal of divisions even conflicts among the joint place between tiao and kuai. Borrowing from the well-known metaphor proposed by Vivienne Shue, in the Lake Weishan case as the dispute inside the honeycomb, there are not only opportunities towards the regime transition, but the divisive logic of this system. In this sense, to strengthen the central government's integrating capacity is vital for the future state building. / This case study on Lake Weishan dispute is theoretically intermingled in the matrix of Chinese political studies. In some sense, the governance of Lake Weishan has revealed the Chinese State anatomy whether in the tiao sense or in the kuai sense. Through this case study, three research questions have been attended: first, in what process have the central government employed to resolve this political dispute; second, what factors can explain the choice of the above political mechanisms; third, in what sense could this case enrich our understanding of the Chinese body politic. / Totalitarianism and authoritarianism have long been the prevailing paradigms in the Chinese political studies. This kind of structural analysis, however, can never do justice to the overall dynamics of the central-local relationship and the diversified political process in PRC. Through a case study focused on the inter-provincial dispute for Lake Weishan, this research has two main goals, one is to memorize this half century historical story, and the other is to analyze the underlying political process and its operational mechanisms. / 田雷. / Adviser: Shaoguang Wang. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: A, page: 2234. / Thesis (doctoral)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 453-465). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / School code: 1307. / Tian Lei.

The Crown has fiduciary obligations to First Nations and must act in consequence. One of this consequence is that the Crown has a duty to consult with aboriginal peoples when it infringes aboriginal or treaty right. The thesis deals with the principles related to the Crown's duty to consult with First Nations. I elaborate on principles established by the courts and also on questions that remain unanswered to date. Those questions include when, how and with whom the consultation should be done. I also examine the situation in New Zealand, where the consultation process is a little more advanced than here in Canada and compare the principles elaborated by New Zealand courts with those existing in Canada. From the New Zealand experience, I suggest consultation guidelines to be used in Canada by the Crown and its representatives.

This study focuses on the Lummi Indian fishers of Northwest Washington State, and the manner in which they have been included in and excluded from the commercial fishing industry over the past one hundred years. The approach to be taken in this situation of internal dependency is to examine access to resources. The control of productive resources — land, water, timber, minerals, and fish. — that Indians own or have access to, presents an ideal starting point for understanding Indian underdevelopment. Prior to and immediately after the time the Lummi were confined to a reservation, they were engaged in a traditional fishery that met their needs for subsistence and had the potential to develop into a viable commercial endeavor. The penetration of capital into the commercial salmon fishery of North Puget Sound initially utilized Lummi labor, but the development of new extractive technologies and an increase in the availability of labor of other ethnicities rapidly circumvented the need for Indian labor. Concomitantly, throughout the early 1900s, efforts by the State of Washington to curtail Indian fishing resulted in the Lummi being confined to a small reservation fishery of insignificant commercial potential. In the 1940s, when Lummi exclusion from the fishery was almost total, the need for fishers suddenly became acute, and the Lummi were once again incorporated into the commercial salmon fishery. Nevertheless, the post-war era again saw new developments in the salmon industry, and, no longer needed by the processors, the Lummi were once again squeezed out of the industry. Sympathetic court cases in the late 1960s and early 1970s guaranteed commercially significant fishing opportunity for the Lummi. Nevertheless, the present Lummi salmon fishery is not going to provide the Lummi with a viable economic base. The manner in which the fishery has developed is causing the majority of the economic yield of the fishery to be siphoned off to non-Lummi interests. Utilizing ethnohistorical and ethnographic data, this study examines a dependency approach to understanding Lummi underdevelopment. By focusing primarily on economic and political dependency on the United States Federal Government, this study shows how the Lummi community was incorporated into the dominant society and became a dependent community suffering from chronic underdevelopment, despite access to and utilization of a valuable natural resource. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

The Crown has fiduciary obligations to First Nations and must act in consequence. One of this consequence is that the Crown has a duty to consult with aboriginal peoples when it infringes aboriginal or treaty right. The thesis deals with the principles related to the Crown's duty to consult with First Nations. I elaborate on principles established by the courts and also on questions that remain unanswered to date. Those questions include when, how and with whom the consultation should be done. I also examine the situation in New Zealand, where the consultation process is a little more advanced than here in Canada and compare the principles elaborated by New Zealand courts with those existing in Canada. From the New Zealand experience, I suggest consultation guidelines to be used in Canada by the Crown and its representatives. / Law, Peter A. Allard School of / Graduate

Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух разделов, заключения, библиографического списка и приложений. В теоретико-методологическом разделе представлена характеристика и оценка современного состояния теории по GR-деятельности и внедрению компетентностного подхода в образовании, раскрыта сущность и содержание ключевых понятий диссертации: «GR-технологии», «компетенции», «компетентностный подход», предложена классификация GR-технологий. Практический раздел посвящен проектированию новых форм взаимодействия основных стейкхолдеров системы образования, а именно проведению форсайт–сессии по теме «Реформирование системы образования: проблемы и перспективы компетентностного подхода» на базе Уральского федерального университета. Общее количество страниц магистерской диссертации – 109, работа содержит 10 таблиц, 7 приложений. / Master thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, conclusions, bibliography and annexes. In the theoretical-methodological section of this research we provides a description and evaluation of the current status of the theory to GR-activity and the introduction of competence-based approach to education, the essence and content of key concepts of the thesis: "GR-technologies", "competence","competence approach", classification of GR technologies. Practical section we are dedicated to designing new forms of interaction between major stakeholders in the education system, namely the holding of Foresigth session on education reform: issues and prospects of a competent approach to base of Ural Federal University. The total number of pages of the master thesis-109, the work contains 10 tables, 7 applications.

The paper discusses scientific approaches and technologies of interaction of business with authorities. In the first Chapter proved the relevance of the topic of the thesis. In the second Chapter the basic technology of Government Relations (GR) as applied to innovative companies of Ekaterinburg. The third Chapter describes the conducted study in innovative companies of Yekaterinburg, to identify the most popular technologies GR. Developed a strategy for the promotion of innovation as a specific GR-technology. Relying on the provisions of the thesis, it will be possible to use the tools of this technology in the scientific analysis of the problems of development of state and municipal management and in the practical sphere of increase of efficiency of interaction of business with authorities. / В работе рассмотрены научные подходы и технологии взаимодействия бизнеса с органами власти. В первой главе доказана актуальность темы диссертации. Во второй главе рассмотрены основные технологии Government Relations (GR) применительно к инновационным компаниям г. Екатеринбурга. В третьей главе описывается проведенное исследование в инновационных компаниях г. Екатеринбурга, для выявления наиболее популярных технологий GR. Разработана стратегия продвижения инноваций как специфическая GR-технология. Опираясь на положения диссертации, можно будет использовать инструментарий данной технологии как в научном анализе проблем развития государственного и муниципального управления, так и в практической сфере повышения эффективности взаимодействия бизнеса с органами власти.

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published_or_final_version / China Area Studies / Master / Master of Arts