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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Troubles de la généralisation dans les grammaires de construction chez des enfants présentant des troubles spécifiques du langage / Lack of generalization in construction grammars in children with specific language impairment

Leroy, Sandrine 19 December 2013 (has links)
Les grammaires de construction postulent l’émergence progressive des structures du langage via l’utilisation de processus cognitifs généraux. Les hypothèses théoriques qui en émanent suggèrent que la complexité et la structure des formes morphosyntaxiques ne peuvent s’expliquer que dans une perspective constructiviste, où l’enfant développe ses nouvelles formes en complexifiant et en généralisant ses propres productions antérieures. Ces hypothèses ont été éprouvées auprès de populations présentant un développement typique du langage (DTL) mais ont peu fait l’objet d’une mise en application auprès d’enfants avec troubles spécifiques du langage (TSL). Or, ces théories offrent de nouvelles perspectives théoriques permettant de mieux appréhender leurs difficultés langagières. Ces enfants présentent un manque de productivité syntaxique ainsi qu’une plus grande dépendance à l’input linguistique, allant dans le sens d’un manque de généralisation des schémas de construction. Nous suggérons que, contrairement aux enfants avec DTL, l’abstraction des schémas de construction des enfants avec TSL serait entravée en raison d’un mécanisme de généralisation qui se mettrait en place plus lentement. Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif de tester cette hypothèse chez les enfants avec TSL, en s’intéressant plus particulièrement au rôle du mapping analogique. Les résultats obtenus sont prometteurs et compatibles avec cette hypothèse. Si l’étude du mapping analogique comme facteur à l’origine des difficultés des enfants avec TSL est particulièrement séduisante, de nombreuses pistes restent à explorer pour appuyer davantage notre hypothèse. / Construction grammars argue that language structures progressively emerge thanks to the use of general cognitive processes. Theoretical hypotheses suggest that complexity and structure of morphosyntactic forms can only be explained in a constructivist perspective in which children develop their new forms by making more complex and generalizing their own prior utterances. These hypotheses have been already tested with children with typical language development (TLD) but few studies were interested in children with specific language impairment (SLI). These hypotheses give new interesting theoretical perspectives for apprehending their language disorders better. Children with SLI present a lack of syntactic productivity and a more important input dependency. These observations are compatible with the hypothesis of a lack of generalization of construction schemas. Consequently, the children’s abstraction of construction schemas would be slowed down compared to children with TLD’s abstraction. The current doctoral thesis studies the hypothesis of a lack of generalization in children with SLI by analyzing more particularly the role of analogical mapping. The results obtained are promising and in agreement with our hypothesis. If studies about the role of analogical mapping as a factor explaining the disorders in children with SLI are attractive, other considerations have still to be explored for strengthening our hypotheses.
2

Um estudo de “um belo dia” na perspectiva da gramática de construções / A study of um belo dia on the perspective of construccion gramar

Silva, Michele Denise da 24 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-10T18:05:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michele Denise da Silva -2017.pdf: 2022591 bytes, checksum: 2a81b6996bd9a2573b62dde86be0d763 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-11T12:51:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michele Denise da Silva -2017.pdf: 2022591 bytes, checksum: 2a81b6996bd9a2573b62dde86be0d763 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T12:51:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michele Denise da Silva -2017.pdf: 2022591 bytes, checksum: 2a81b6996bd9a2573b62dde86be0d763 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / This research is founded on the project “Rede de estudos da língua portuguesa ao redor do mundo”, headquartered at the Faculty of Letters of the Federal University of Goiás, and has as one of its objectives to provide subsidies for the promotion and teaching of Brazilian Portuguese from Results of analyzes of real uses of that language. In this context, we describe and analyze the pairing "um belo dia", from the theoretical perspective of LFCU, more specifically, the Construction Grammar. The central hypothesis is that the microconstruction "um belo dia" undergoes a process of change: from a more concrete use, active in the organization of the predication, until a more abstract use, functioning at the textual level, aiding in the macro-organization of the narrative. From this perspective it is understood that the language consists of cognitive, sociointeractional and cultural processes, and language is seen as a complex adaptive system with a fluid frame. Studies in the LFCU analyze and try to clarify the grammatical phenomena of the usage of the language and have as one of its theoretical contributions the theory of Constructions Grammar, which defines the grammatical constitution as a conceptual network, a system of cognitively interconnected entities (LANGACKER, 2008, TOMASELLO, 2010, TRAUGOTT, TROUDALE,2013) and language as a network of relationships that is organized in the use (TROUGOTT and TROUSDALE, 2013, CROFT, 2001, GOLDBERG, 2006). Suported on this theoretical conception, we present the results of the research that involves the uses of the microconstruction "um belo dia" ("a beautiful day") from a panchronic perspective. The corpora chosen for the research are o Corpus do grupo Discurso e Gramática (D&G), e o Corpus Fala Goiana. More specifically, the aim is to analyze the form and function of "a beautiful day", from the syntactic, morphological, phonological, semantic, pragmatic and speech-functional properties (CROFT, 2001) of this microconstruction, assuming that the uses detected in the corpora present different degrees of abstraction, indicating a construccionalizacion. The analyzes confirmed the hypothesis that the microconstruction "um belo dia" in its more abstracted use acts at the textual level, aiding in the macro-organization of the narrative, influencing the reception of the reader and its involvement in the discursive plot. / Esta pesquisa está vinculada ao projeto “Rede de estudos da língua portuguesa ao redor do mundo”, sediado na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Federal de Goiás, e tem como um de seus objetivos fornecer subsídios para a promoção e o ensino do português brasileiro a partir de resultados de análises de usos reais dessa língua. Nesse contexto, descrevemos e analisamos o pareamento “um belo dia”, a partir da perspectiva teórica da Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso (LFCU), mais especificamente, da Gramática de Construções. A hipótese central é a de que a microconstrução “um belo dia” passa por um processo de mudança: de um uso mais concreto, atuante na organização da predicação, para um uso mais abstrato, funcionando no nível textual, auxiliando na macroorganização da narrativa. Na perspectiva da LFCU, entende-se que a linguagem é formada por processos cognitivos, sociointeracionais e culturais, e a língua é vista como um sistema adaptativo complexo, com uma estrutura fluida. Estudos na LFCU analisam e tentam esclarecer os fenômenos gramaticais da língua em uso e têm como um de seus aportes teóricos a teoria da Gramática de Construções, que define a constituição gramatical como uma rede conceitual, um sistema de entidades interconectadas cognitivamente (LANGACKER, 2008, TOMASELLO, 2010, TRAUGOTT; TROUSDALE, 2013) e a língua como uma rede de relações que se organiza no uso (TROUGOTT e TROUSDALE, 2013, CROFT, 2001, GOLDBERG, 2006). Ancorados nessa concepção teórica, apresentamos os resultados da pesquisa que envolve os usos da microconstrução “um belo dia” em uma perspectiva pancrônica. Os corpora eleitos para a pesquisa são o Corpus do Português, o Corpus do grupo Discurso e Gramática (D&G), e o Corpus Fala Goiana. Mais especificamente, tem-se como objetivo analisar o pareamento forma e função de “um belo dia”, a partir das propriedades sintática, morfológica, fonológica, semântica, pragmática e discurso-funcional (CROFT, 2001) dessa microconstrução, tendo como pressuposto que os usos detectados nos corpora apresentam diferentes graus de abstratização, indiciando uma construcionalização. As análises confirmaram a hipótese de que a microconstrução “um belo dia” em seu uso mais abstratizado atua no nível textual, auxiliando na macro-organização da narrativa, influenciando na recepção do leitor e no seu envolvimento na trama discursiva.
3

Construção e circulação das gramáticas de Língua Portuguesa no Brasil no século XIX: o Tratado de Língua Vernácula de Brício Cardoso / Construction and movement of Portuguese Language grammars in Brasil in XIX century: tratado da língua Vernácula of Brício Cardoso

Gally, Christianne de Menezes 10 May 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:33:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Christianne de Menezes Gally.pdf: 1552116 bytes, checksum: 25b08f075e45ba503421feaffb45b42d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Considering grammar as a cultural object object built by man for socially and culturally constructed this investigation, after proposing criteria for analysis, from the point of view of the new Cultural history (or history of linguistic ideas), uses the concepts of ownership and representation, whose goal is to understand, through the Tratado da Língua Vernácula, written by Brício Cardoso, the relations established between the text, the object which supports specific practices that produced conceptual and cultural settings and entered in his time. With this analysis, It is intended to assert that the grammars produced are all important cultural artifacts of their time and, because of that, historical source that presents evidence of unique experiences. In other words, a grammar is built with a specific goal to meet a specific public, required for a particular school, almost always written by eminent teachers in their social environment that if other apropriavam selected models as their cultural baggage, your mental utensilagem / Considerando a gramática como um bem cultural objeto construído pelo homem com finalidades social e culturalmente construídas, esta investigação, depois de propor critérios de análise, sob o ponto de vista da Nova História Cultural (ou história das ideias linguísticas), que usa os conceitos de apropriação e representação, tem como objetivo compreender, por meio da gramática Tratado da Língua Vernácula, escrita por Brício Cardoso, as relações estabelecidas entre o texto, o objeto que lhe serve de suporte, as práticas específicas que o produziu e as configurações culturais e conceituais inscritas em seu tempo. Com essa análise, pretende-se afirmar que as gramáticas produzidas são todas elas importantes artefatos culturais de seu tempo e, por isso, fonte histórica que apresenta indícios de experiências singulares. Em outras palavras, uma gramática é construída com um determinado objetivo para atender a um determinado público; exigida por uma determinada escola, quase sempre escrita por professores eminentes em seu meio social que se apropriavam de outros modelos selecionados, conforme sua bagagem cultural, sua utensilagem mental

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