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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Deflexão solar do gráviton-energia gravitacional em uma teoria não-simétrica da gravitação. / Solar gravitational deflection of a graviton - Ghost free analysis of a nonsymmetric theory of gravitation.

Celeri, Lucas Chibebe 22 August 2003 (has links)
Neste trabalho são estudados dois problemas, como resumidos abaixo: Parte I - Deflexão Solar do Gráviton Neste trabalho calculamos o ângulo de deflexão do gráviton pelo Sol através de sua seção de choque diferencial de espalhamento. A expressão para a seção de choque é obtida através de uma teoria semi-clássica. O resultado obtido para o ângulo de desvio do gráviton, para pequenos ângulos, é o mesmo atribuído à luz, na sua geodésica nula. O conteúdo deste trabalho deu origem ao artigo: Ragusa, S. and Céleri, L. C., Gen. Relativ.. Solar Grauitational Deflection of a Graviton. 35, 1125 (2003). Parte II - Energia Gravitacional em uma Teoria Não-Simétrica da Gravitação A ausência de modos radiativos de energia negativa numa proposta teoria da gravitação baseada em uma métrica não-simétrica é reanalizada. Isto porque a contribuição de uma parte da lagrangeana deixou de ser considerada. Mostramos aqui que tal contribuição para a energia é nula. O caráter de positividade da energia na teoria fica então firmemente estabelecido. O conteúdo deste trabalho deu origem ao trabalho: Ragusa, S. and Céleri, L. C. Ghost-free Analysis of a Nonsymmetric Theory of Gravitation. Aceito para publicação no Brazilian Journal of Physics. / In this work two problems are studied, as summarized below: Part I - Deflection of the Solar Gráviton. This work calculated the deflection angle of the sun through the graviton your section of the shock of differential scattering. The term for the section of shock is obtained through a semi-classical theory. The result obtained for the angle of deflection of graviton for small angles, it is assigned to light, in its null geodesic. The content of this work led to the article: Ragusa, S. and rapid, L. C., Gen. Relative.. Solar Gravitational Deflection of the Graviton. 35, 1125 (2003). Part II - Energy in a Gravitational Theory of Non-Symmetric Gravitation. The absence of radiation modes of negative energy in a proposed theory of gravitation based on a non-symmetric metric is re-analyzed. This is because the contribution of part of lagrangean no longer be considered. We here show that this contribution to the energy is zero. The positive character of the energy in the theory is then firmly established. The content of this work led to the work: Ragusa, S. and rapid, L. C. Ghost-free Analysis of the Nonsymmetric Theory of Gravitation. Accepted for publication in Brazilian Journal of Physics.
12

Etude de la production resonante de graviton de Kaluza-Klein dans ses desintegrations en paires de muons dans le modele de Ramdall-Sundrum aupres de l'experience D0 au Tevatron

Lahrichi, Nadia 02 July 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Dans cette thèse nous avons posé les premières contraintes sur les paramètres du modèle de dimensions supplémentaires de Randall-Sundrum, à savoir k/M_Pl qui est proportionnel au couplage du graviton aux champs du modèle standard et M_G qui est la masse du premier état excité du graviton. L'analyse du signal Monte Carlo est basée sur le générateur PYTHIA. Cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence et de rectifier une erreur dans le générateur PYTHIA grâce à l'élaboration d'un générateur indépendant dédié à cette analyse. Le lot de données utilisées pour l'analyse correspond à la période de prise des données effectuée par la collaboration Dzero au Tevatron allant de novembre 2002 à juillet 2003, qui correspond à une luminosité totale de 107,8 pb-1. La recherche du graviton dans ses désintégrations en paires de muons a permis de mesurer dans un premier temps la section efficace de production du boson Z multiplié par le rapport d'embranchement du Z en deux muons.
13

Suche nach Kontakt-Wechselwirkungen und Gravitoneffekten in der tief-inelastischen Streuung bei HERA

Scheins, Jürgen Johann. Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2001--Aachen.
14

Deflexão solar do gráviton-energia gravitacional em uma teoria não-simétrica da gravitação. / Solar gravitational deflection of a graviton - Ghost free analysis of a nonsymmetric theory of gravitation.

Lucas Chibebe Celeri 22 August 2003 (has links)
Neste trabalho são estudados dois problemas, como resumidos abaixo: Parte I - Deflexão Solar do Gráviton Neste trabalho calculamos o ângulo de deflexão do gráviton pelo Sol através de sua seção de choque diferencial de espalhamento. A expressão para a seção de choque é obtida através de uma teoria semi-clássica. O resultado obtido para o ângulo de desvio do gráviton, para pequenos ângulos, é o mesmo atribuído à luz, na sua geodésica nula. O conteúdo deste trabalho deu origem ao artigo: Ragusa, S. and Céleri, L. C., Gen. Relativ.. Solar Grauitational Deflection of a Graviton. 35, 1125 (2003). Parte II - Energia Gravitacional em uma Teoria Não-Simétrica da Gravitação A ausência de modos radiativos de energia negativa numa proposta teoria da gravitação baseada em uma métrica não-simétrica é reanalizada. Isto porque a contribuição de uma parte da lagrangeana deixou de ser considerada. Mostramos aqui que tal contribuição para a energia é nula. O caráter de positividade da energia na teoria fica então firmemente estabelecido. O conteúdo deste trabalho deu origem ao trabalho: Ragusa, S. and Céleri, L. C. Ghost-free Analysis of a Nonsymmetric Theory of Gravitation. Aceito para publicação no Brazilian Journal of Physics. / In this work two problems are studied, as summarized below: Part I - Deflection of the Solar Gráviton. This work calculated the deflection angle of the sun through the graviton your section of the shock of differential scattering. The term for the section of shock is obtained through a semi-classical theory. The result obtained for the angle of deflection of graviton for small angles, it is assigned to light, in its null geodesic. The content of this work led to the article: Ragusa, S. and rapid, L. C., Gen. Relative.. Solar Gravitational Deflection of the Graviton. 35, 1125 (2003). Part II - Energy in a Gravitational Theory of Non-Symmetric Gravitation. The absence of radiation modes of negative energy in a proposed theory of gravitation based on a non-symmetric metric is re-analyzed. This is because the contribution of part of lagrangean no longer be considered. We here show that this contribution to the energy is zero. The positive character of the energy in the theory is then firmly established. The content of this work led to the work: Ragusa, S. and rapid, L. C. Ghost-free Analysis of the Nonsymmetric Theory of Gravitation. Accepted for publication in Brazilian Journal of Physics.
15

Cosmologies with massive gravitons and their properties / Cosmologie avec des gravitons massifs et leurs propriétés

Mazuet, Charles 27 September 2018 (has links)
La cosmologie en général et plus particulièrement le problème de la constante cosmologique sont d'une extrême importance et une ouverture vers une nouvelle physique. En effet grâce à la découverte de l’accélération de l’expansion de l’Univers, un tout nouveau groupe de théories est apparu. Jusqu’à présent la théorie utilisée pour décrire l’Univers à grande échelle était la Relativité Générale, mais maintenant plusieurs théories alternatives sont de bons candidats pour décrire et étudier le comportement de notre Univers à grande échelle. Parmi ces théories, la gravité massive sans fantôme (dRGT), propose d’ajouter une masse au graviton dans le but de simuler une constante cosmologique au lieu d’utiliser ce que l’on appelle l’énergie noire. Il a été prouvé que cette théorie est cohérente, mais aujourd’hui l’existence de cosmologies viables fournies par cette dernière est toujours une question ouverte. Au début de ma thèse, j’ai obtenu une procédure permettant d’obtenir toutes les solutions du type de Sitter dans la théorie dROT, en utilisant l’espace de Sitter comme espace physique et une métrique de référence plate dépendante d’un champ de Stuckelberg noté T(t,r). Une autre partie de ma thèse a été consacrée à l’analyse des perturbations anisotropes autour d’une des solutions mentionnées précédemment, pour pouvoir étudier la stabilité des solutions cosmologiques au sein de cette théorie. J’ai aussi exploré la possibilité de répondre à une question de longue date, qui est l’origine de la matière noire en utilisant la théorie dRGT. En effet l’idée est de partir de cette dernière pour obtenir une théorie mathématiquement et physiquement cohérente d’un champ massif de spin-2 sur un fond arbitraire, Ainsi, à la place de décrire l’énergie noire, j’ai conjecturé que le champ maintenant décrit pouvait faire partie de la matière noire, dont la nature est une des grandes questions de la physique moderne. / Cosmology in general and the cosmological constant problem are highly important as an insight on new physics. Indeed thanks to the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe a whole bunch of new theories appeared. Until then, the General Relativity was the theory describing the Universe at large scale, but now several alternatives are good candidates to provide a better description about the large scale behaviour of our Universe. Among these theories, there is one called ghost-free Massive Gravity which gives the graviton a mass in order to mimic the cosmological constant instead of using the so-called dark energy. This theory was proved to be consistent but, until nowadays, the existence of viable cosmologies is still an on-going issue. In the first part of this thesis, we investigated a procedure to obtain all de Sitter solutions in dRGT theory, using de Sitter space as the physical space, with at reference metric depending on a Stuckelberg field T(t; r). The second part is devoted to the analysis of the anistropic perturbations around one of this solution, to investigate the stability of the cosmology of the theory. In the last part, we explore the posibility to answer a long-standing question, using the ghost-free Massive Gravity as a starting point in order to obtain a consistent theory of a massive spin-2 field on an arbitrary background. This time, instead of describing the dark energy, we conjecture that this field can be a part of dark matter, which is one of the substantial question for modern physics.
16

L’effet Sachs-Wolfe intégré non linéaire dû à la diffusion gravitationnelle des photons

Forget, Thomas 12 1900 (has links)
La lumière que l’on reçoit du fond diffus cosmologique est décalée vers le rouge par les puits gravitationnels causés par la matière contenu dans les différentes régions de l’espace que la lumière traverse. Cet effet se nomme l’effet Sachs-Wolfe intégrée. Dans ce projet de maîtrise, nous avons calculé le terme de collision qui est dû à l’intéraction entre les photons émis par le fond diffus cosmologique et les fluctuations de densité. Ce terme vient modifier la distribution d’énergie des photons que l’on reçoit. Ce calcul est effectué en utilisant l’action de Fierz-Pauli pour trouver la section efficace de cette collision. Ce qui est nouveau dans notre démarche c’est que l’on suppose que les fluctuations de densité de l’univers entraînent un écrantage du champ gravitationnel ce qui induit une masse de Debye au graviton que l’on calcule. On utilise ensuite la théorie quantique des champs pour obtenir un terme de collision à ajouter à l’équation de Boltzmann qui dicte comment la distribution d’énergie des photons évolue. / The light we receive from the Cosmic Microwave Background is redshifted by the gravitational potential caused by the mass of the objects it meets on its way toward us. This effect is called the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect. In this master’s thesis, we calculate a collision term between the photons and a massive scalar particle which will affect the energy distribution of the photons we observe. This calculation is made using the Fierz-Pauli action to find the cross section of this collision. What is new in our approach is that we assume that the density variation of the universe induces a shielding of the gravitational field which results in a Debye mass of the graviton. We calculate what this mass term is and we then use quantum field theory to obtain a collision term to be added to the Boltzmann equation governing how the energy distribution of photons evolves.

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