This dissertation examines the dynamics of the oral communication which takes place in the Easter Vigil at St. Augustine's Anglican Church, Thaba 'Nchu. The study uses an analytical framework drawn from Orality Theory and Speech Act Theory, to analyse oral communication in the preaching and singing of the Vigil. Through an approach of Participant Observation, details were obtained of the Easter Vigils of 1994, 1995 and 1996. The historical and cultural background of this All-Night Vigil is traced in European Church History and African Traditional Religion. The roles of the Mothers' Union, the St. Agnes Guild and the Guild of Bernard Mizeki are also highlighted. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th (Missiology)

This diploma thesis entitled "The history of guild crafts in a town Krupka" aims to bring the origin, development and functioning of craft guilds which operated in the town Krupka. The main aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the content of guild orders, guild books and file material from different perspectives, which are described in detail in the chapters, in which the work is divided. The chapter sources and literature reflects the important archival sources related to guilds in a general scale for the territory of Krupka and the chapter also informs about the basic issued publications, that are thematically bind to the guild organizations, their development and functioning. The following section outlines the administrative development in the town Krupka. At the core is the chapter dealing with the guild craft in Krupka from different angles and perspectives. The annexes attached to this thesis is complemented with information referred to in the text of the work, and are composed mainly of namespaces of craftsmen.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:44:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSENI DA SILVA SOUZA.pdf: 1686885 bytes, checksum: 0659d802253a7b64e281c9a3cd03a25e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-10 / This study aimed to assess the level of concentration of toxic metals in water (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn) and fish (Al, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) from ten sub-basins of the Upper Tocantins River, Goiás State, Central Brazil, from July to August 2008. Each section of the watercourse chosen (50, 500 and 1000m for streams, creeks and rivers, respectively) were georeferenced and demarcated. In these section were sampled water and fish. The water was collected manually at the beginning and end of each section at 50 cm from the surface, then filtered, packaged in bottles and stored at 4 °C. Samples of whole fish or muscle pieces were defrosted, lyophilized, digested and stored in polyethylene bottles previously washed. The determination of the concentration of toxic metals from water samples was performed using the technique of optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICPOES), and this fish was made using the technique of atomic absorption spectrometry method (flame-AAS). After determination of toxic metals in fish muscles, these were classified by trophic guild (omnivorous, invertivorous, detritivorous, piscivorous, insectivorous and herbivorous) through available literature. The Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed no significant differences between the concentrations of toxic metals in water between sub-basins. The comparison of the concentrations of toxic metals present in fish sampled indicated that there were significant differences between the trophic guilds considered for Al (p = 0.0057), Fe (p = 0.0000), Mn (p = 0.0000 ), Pb (p = 0.0001) and Zn (p = 0.0001). The detritivorous had higher concentration of Fe compared to omnivores, and higher concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in relation to invertivores. The invertivores showed a higher concentration of Mn, Pb, Zn than omnivores. The insectivores have excelled in the concentration of Mn in relation to invertivores and Pb in relation to detritivores. In the case of piscivorous the highest concentration was of Fe and Mn in relation to Mn and detritivorous in relation to omnivores. The correlation analysis between the concentrations of Mn, Pb and Zn indicate that there is no correlation between the water and the fish, whereas positive correlations were observed between the concentrations of Pb and Mn (r = 0. 682834); Zn and Mn (r = 0.716368) and Zn and Pb (r = 0.770089) in sampled fish. It is concluded that the water did not influence directly the contamination of fish by toxic metals, but fish seem to have been contaminated by food, expressed in this study by the trophic guilds. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de concentração de metais tóxicos na água (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb e Zn) e em peixes (Al, Fe, Mn, Pb e Zn) pertencentes a dez sub-bacias do alto rio Tocantins, Goiás, Brasil Central, no período de julho a agosto de 2008. Cada trecho do curso de água escolhido (50, 500 e 1000m para córregos, ribeirões e rios, respectivamente) foi georreferenciado e demarcado. Nesses trechos foram realizadas as coletas de água e peixes. A água foi coletada manualmente no início e no final de cada trecho a 50 cm da superfície, em seguida foi filtrada, acondicionada em frascos e armazenada a 4°C. As amostras de peixes inteiros ou pedaços de músculo foram descongelados e deixados em repouso até atingirem a temperatura ambiente, em seguida foram liofilizados e posteriormente digeridos e estocados em frascos de polietileno previamente lavados. A determinação da concentração dos metais tóxicos das amostras de água foi feita por meio da técnica de espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-OES), e esta dos peixes foi feito por meio da técnica de espectrometria de absorção atômica modalidade chama (EAA-chama). Após a determinação dos metais tóxicos nos peixes, estes foram classificados por guilda trófica (onívoro, invertívoro, detritívoro, piscívoro, insetívoro e herbívoro) através da literatura. A análise de Kruskal-Wallis indicou que não houve diferenças significativas entre as concentrações de metais tóxicos na água entre as sub-bacias. Já na comparação das concentrações de metais tóxicos existentes nos peixes amostrados verificou-se que houve diferenças significativas entre as guildas tróficas consideradas para Al (p=0,0057); Fe (p= 0,0000); Mn (p=0,0000); Pb (p=0,0001) e Zn (p=0,0001). A guilda dos detritívoros tiveram maior concentração de Fe em relação aos onívoros; e maior concentração de Al, Fe, Mn, Pb e Zn em relação aos invertívoros. Os invertívoros apresentou uma maior concentração de Mn, Pb, Zn que os onívoros. Os insetívoros se destacaram na concentração de Mn em relação aos invertívoros e de Pb em relação aos detritívoros. No caso dos piscívoros a maior concentração foi de Fe e Mn em relação aos detritívoros e Mn em relação aos onívoros. A análise de correlação entre as concentrações dos metais tóxicos Mn, Pb e Zn indicam que não há correlação entre as concentrações dos três metais na água com os peixes, enquanto que são observadas correlações positivas significativas entre as concentrações de Pb e Mn (r=0,682834); Zn e Mn (r=0,716368) e Zn e Pb (r=0,770089) entre os peixes. Neste estudo conclui-se que a água não influenciou diretamente na contaminação dos peixes, os quais parecem terem sido contaminados via alimentação, expressa neste estudo pelas guildas tróficas.

Healthy coral reefs have become increasingly rare, and their continuous degradation has serious implications for loss of marine biodiversity. There is an urgent need to assess the strength of top-down versus bottom-up effects on reef communities, to better understand how food web alterations can change the structure and function of these vulnerable marine systems. In this study, I used fatty acid (FA) analysis to investigate the trophic and ecological relationships among potential key forage species of the critically endangered monk seal in the Hawaiian archipelago. A series of multivariate tests performed on groups of closely related and ecologically equivalent species of fishes and invertebrates using a restricted number of FAs revealed that FA differences among groups primarily reflected diet, but could also be related to habitat and ecology. The same groups were subsequently analysed using an alternate method in quantitative FA signature analysis (QFASA) simulations, which allowed for the effects of using various subsets of FAs to be evaluated. Overall, species groups were relatively well characterized using both methods. When present, overlap in FA composition principally occurred among groups with similar diet/ecology, and were more prominent at higher trophic levels. A last set of analyses which combined the multivariate and QFASA simulation methods revealed that despite taxonomical relatedness and similarities in trophic ecology, individual species of carnivorous fish could be reliably distinguished using FAs. Therefore, while increasing the number of FAs used in the analyses might be useful to refine the resolution of distinctions, using a restricted number of FAs can also result in reliable differentiation among species. My results suggested that despite tremendous diversity, finer scale variations in FA composition could be detected among groups, and among species which shared the same diet and trophic ecology. These findings have important implications for the study of food web interactions in the Hawaiian archipelago, as they provide the foundation for using the same species groups in diets estimations of monk seal, as well as other top predators in this ecosystem. Moreover, they provide a framework for using multiple approaches to link FA patterns to the foraging ecology of individual species.

The main task of this thesis is to summarize the diplomatics material of guild corporations at Havlíčkův Brod area into integrated form. Bacause of broad topic, the selection was only focused on the textile craft occurring in this region and especially in deeds. In the introducion the work presents history of the guilds from their beginning to the final downfall - focusing on textile production. It summarizes the genaral situation of the surviving monuments. The edition which is created from deeds issued by these corporations and also by publishers for mentioned guilds - this is the main core of the thesis. The deeds are arranged chronologically according particular guilds and towns. They are completed by diplomatic analysis of internal and external signs and by the final study, which summarizes all the research.

(in English): This master thesis follows the history of Prague guilds from the very beginning of their system to the end in 1860. Research was focused on cities which created former Prague - Old Town, New Town, Lesser Town and Hradčany. At first, used sources and their evaluation for the above mentioned research are described. There are reflections of the most important moments in the history of guilds in the Czech Lands, especially in Prague towns at that time, in the next chapters. Main goal of this thesis is to reconstruct a picture of all historical guilds and brotherhoods in the cities of Prague. My own research reflects knowledge of previous researchers. These were thereafter compared to some new sources and revised. Unknown parts of the history of Prague guilds were elaborated, such as history of this system in modern period. Based on some particular knowledge of history of singular guilds new hypotheses of general evolution of guilds in Prague were formed. Attached are glossaries of names of professions (Latin, German and Old Czech), that were in Prague towns in the past.

Abstract Rare and elusive species are difficult to study, because they are usually secretive, solitary, occur at low densities and have large home ranges. Wolverines (Gulo gulo) can both hunt and scavenge for food. In Fennoscandia, wolverines co-exist with either wild or semi-domesticated reindeer, which constitute their most important winter food. Approximately half of the 180–220 Finnish wolverines are found in northern Finland within the reindeer management area. However, the other half of the population is distributed in eastern and central Finland, and the ecology of wolverines especially in this area is poorly known. This research examined the habitat selection, diet and population genetics of wolverines in northern and eastern Finland. The results suggest that wolf presence is one of the most important variables influencing the habitat selection of wolverines. This finding supports the speculative idea that wolverines might benefit from being sympatric with wolves through increased scavenging opportunities. Furthermore, both the reproductive status of wolverines and the availability of different prey items were found to affect the wolverine diet. In northern Finland, semi-domesticated reindeer and mountain hare were the most frequently utilized prey species for breeding female wolverines. In eastern Finland, the most important food source for breeding females was moose carrion, whereas males and non-breeding females heavily utilized mountain hares. These results support the predictions of the optimal foraging theory, suggesting that wolverines opportunistically utilize the food source that is most energy-efficiently available. In areas with a low density of medium-sized ungulates, scavenging of wolf- and human-killed carrion plays an essential role in food acquisition by wolverines. According to the results of a population genetics investigation, two wolverine subpopulations exist in Finland: a northern and an eastern one. The overall genetic variability was found to be low, and signs of a recent population bottleneck were detected in both populations. It is likely that the wolverine populations in Finland would benefit from improved connectivity between them, but also with neighbouring populations in Scandinavia and north-eastern Russia. / Tiivistelmä Ahma (Gulo gulo) tunnetaan sekä haaskansyöjänä että keskikokoisia hirvieläimiä ja pienriistaa saalistavana petona. Fennoskandian alueella peuran kesy tai villi muoto on ahman merkittävin saalislaji. Noin puolet Suomen 180–220 ahmasta elää Pohjois-Suomessa poronhoitoalueella, ja loput Itä- ja Keski-Suomessa. Poronhoitoalueen ulkopuolella elävien ahmojen ekologiaa on tutkittu erityisen vähän. Väitöstyössäni tarkastelin ahman habitaatinvalintaa, ruokavaliota ja populaatiogenetiikkaa pääasiassa Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomen alueilla. Tutkimukseni tulokset osoittivat, että suden läheisyys oli yksi tärkeimmistä ahman habitaatinvalintaan vaikuttavista tekijöistä. Tämä havainto tukee hypoteesia, jonka mukaan ahma saattaisi hyötyä susien läheisyydestä suuremman haaskatiheyden ansiosta. Todennäköisesti ahmat elävät mielellään samoilla seuduilla susien kanssa, mutta kaihtavat läheistä kanssakäymistä välttääkseen killansisäisen saalistuksen. Tutkimusteni perusteella sekä ahman lisääntymistila että alueen saaliseläinten saatavuus vaikuttivat ahman ruokavalioon. Poro ja metsäjänis olivat lisääntyvien ahmanaaraiden tärkein ravintokohde Pohjois-Suomessa. Itä-Suomessa merkittävin lisääntyvien naaraiden ravintokohde oli hirvi, jota ahmat hyödyntävät lähinnä haaskojen muodossa, mutta urokset ja ei-lisääntyvät naaraat sen sijaan saalistivat eniten metsäjänistä. Ahmat siis näyttävät hyödyntävän opportunistisesti sitä ravintokohdetta, joka kullakin alueella on energiatehokkainta saavuttaa. Susien ja ihmisten jälkeensä jättämät haaskat ovat merkittävä ravintolähde ahmoille alueilla, joilla keskikokoisten hirvieläinten tiheydet ovat alhaisia. Ahman populaatiogeneettinen tutkimus osoitti, että Suomen ahmat ovat geneettisesti jakautuneet kahteen alapopulaatioon, pohjoiseen ja itäiseen. Ahmakannan geneettinen monimuotoisuus oli pientä, ja molemmissa alapopulaatiossa oli nähtävissä merkkejä äskettäisestä pullonkaulailmiöstä. Populaatioiden välisen geenivirran määrän tulisi olla nykyistä korkeampi, jotta ahmakannan elinvoimaisuuden voisi katsoa olevan turvattu tulevaisuudessa.

This diploma thesis deals with brewing and malting as a way of livelihood of ecclesiastical and secular goods in the territory of the Czech kingdom. This work is also aimed at showing our traditional and national beverage as an important part of our culture and tradition. It wants to introduce beer not only as an alcoholic beverage, but mainly as a business article. Its production and trading with it has been a source of high income not only in the treasuries of cities and nobility, but also in the treasuries of the church. As an example of the Church Brewery, the Conventional Brewery was chosen in Vyšší Brod. The first chapter of the work attempts to show the history of beer brewing closer. The thesis does not aim to describe the history of beer production, but to focus on the first references to it and the production methods used from the oldest cultures, such as Mesopotamian, Babylonian or Egyptian, to our closest Slavonic culture. Another chapter tries to map the production of beer and the struggle for it on the territory of the Czech Crown in the period of its rise, prosperity and mild decline in the middle of the seventeenth century. The last chapter is focused on the Conventional Brewery in Vyšší Brod, which was chosen as a characteristic example for the selected theme and above all as a monument...

In 1957 a number of women's organizations were involved in planning a government-sponsored Festival of Women - an event that indicates contemporary awareness of and interest in the changing position of women. This study is similarly concerned with the position of women in the 1950s and 60s, relating constructions of the 'modern' woman in women's magazines to post-war developments, such as increasing levels of consumption and changing leisure patterns. There are two major themes in the thesis: the housewife and the modern. The study illustrates the centrality of 'the housewife' while accentuating the breadth and complexity of post-1945 women's roles and identities, with a focus on two sites pivotal to constructions of femininity in women's magazines: the home and appearance. The study also explores how women's magazines shaped the modern, emphasizing the range of ways in which this notion was constructed and understood. The concept of social capital is used to examine the significance of the modern, looking at why it was so important and its connection with ideas of exclusion and belonging.The study looks at two magazines. Home and Country was the magazine of the National Federation of Women's Institutes, and hence it targeted rural women. Woman's Outlook, on the other hand, was the Women's Co-operative Guild magazine, aimed at working-class Guild members. Through comparisons between the two and with Woman, a mass-circulation weekly magazine, the thesis demonstrates that their respective rural and Co-operative identities were distinctive features that contrast with the urban and mass consumption viewpoints evident in other titles. These rural and Co-operative identities heavily influenced the perspectives of the organizational magazines and created alternative visions of the modern. The relationship of these features to post-war British modernity has received little attention, with historians' focus on the urban and the individual consumer positioning the countryside and the Co-operative movement as antithetical to the modern. However, this study reveals that rural and Co-operative interpretations of the modern enhance and develop understandings of key themes in 1950s and 60s British history such as national identity, consumer culture, generation and age. The thesis situates Home and Country and Woman's Outlook within broader social and cultural networks and shows the extent to which women's magazines operated as cultural intermediaries. The study also engages with a number of intersecting bodies of literature, such as revisionist accounts of domesticity and recent work on women's organizations, and contributes to various discussions including housing in post-war Britain and feminist analyses of fashion and beauty. This multifaceted investigation generates new insights into both the housewife and the modern, insights which offer a more complex and nuanced account of 1950s and 60s Britain and the position of women.

"The purpose of this study, then, is to determine whether or not the monthly selections of The Literary Guild of America are of good enough quality to enable the library staff to accept them as really good choices of current fiction. This paper includes a brief sketch of the history of the Literary Guild which outlines the club's background and selection and distribution policies. Next it presents an examination of each of the twelve titles distributed to Guild members in 1948, followed by a summary of the findings. An annotated bibliography of the titles selected by the Guild in 1947, arranged in order of issuance to members, is appended to this paper"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "August, 1953." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: Mary Edna Anders, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-58).