This research paper was submitted to the Department of Geography in fulfillment of the requirements of Geography 4C6. / This study reports on the relationship between the foreshore slopes, grain size characteristics and the wave height on the Hamilton-Burlington Beach. This beach is a non-tidal, low-energy beach. At five stations along the beach, profiles were taken, sediment samples were collected and the average wave heights determined. The slopes were plotted against the mean grain size, the median grain size and the wave heights. There was no clear relationship between the variables tested. It was determined, however, that there existed three areas along this beach. The first area was he one affected only by the wave energy, the second are was affected by both the wave energy and the grain size characteristics, and the third region was affected by the grain size characteristics. / Thesis / Bachelor of Arts (BA)

<p> Four measured sections of the Whirlpool Sandstone were prepared from outcrops in the Niagara Gorge and Hamilton areas. Sedimentary structures and constituents present in the lower two-thirds of the unit are consistent with the sandy braided fluvial depositional model. proposed by Salas [1983]. The upper one-third of the unit has been deposited in a near shore, shallow marine environment. All samples have been classified as Quartzarenites, or Sublitharenites after Folk [1974] and the source of the Whirlpool lies to the southeast in primarily pre-existing sediments, with some input from low grade metamorphic and hydrothermally veined terrains. </p> <p> Cathodoluminescent microscopy has proven to be a safe, relatively inexpensive, easy to use method, that offers a great deal of new information. The technique's only drawback is the gradual destruction of thin sections by the electron beam. The CL study demonstrated that pressure solution was not the source of the massive, pore occluding, mesodiagenetic quartz cement. Since very low diagenetic temperatures have been calculated for the Whirlpool in the study area [360C]; the local generation of silica would be impossible. Instead, it has been suggested that silica was carried in by saturated pore fluids that had migrated up-dip from source areas deep within the depositional basin to the southeast. Similarly, pyrite was precipitated as H2S bearing fluids migrated through the unit. These reducing fluids also produced the reduced zone at the top of the Queenston Formation. The H2S was produced during the maturation of hydrocarbons. Calcite cement is more abundant in the upper marine units of the Whirlpool. This suggests that the source of the calcite was local detrital carbonate in the upper marine units. Quartz cementation ceased when the porosity had been reduced sufficiently to inhibit the passage of the migrating pore fluids. Thus, the calcite cement precipitated from static pore fluids. The local detrital carbonate was dissolved by the acidic fluids that carried in the silica. This Ca+2 rich fluid was prevented from mixing with the bulk porewater and calcite precipitation occurred due to an increase in C02 by the decay of organic detritus in the upper marine units. The major proportion of secondary porosity was formed during mesodiagenesis by the dissolution of calcite. The pore fluids became undersaturated with respect to calcite when local intershale water was released into the porewater. The formation of dolomite cement was in response to a decrease in the amount of available iron relative to magnesium due to the precipitation of ferroan calcite. The zonation of the dolomite reflects rapid changes in porewater composition. Four morphologies of illite have been identified: two represent direct precipitation from alkaline, K+ rich solution; one may be detrital in origin, or it could represent illite that has been mechanically infiltrated down into the sand after deposition; and the fourth is a mixed layer assemblage that has been formed by the replacement of earlier clays by illite. The oil and gas found in the Whirlpool Sandstone in the Lake Erie area have probably migrated up-dip from source areas deep within the depositional basin to the southeast. </p> / Thesis / Bachelor of Science (BSc)

<p> This study investigates the effects of transit strikes on the central business districts (C.B.D. 's) of large cities. It focuses directly on the Hamilton Street Railway (H.S.R.) strike which occurred during the summer of 1982, and attempts to outline exactly what age-groups were affected the most and whether or not the merchants of the downtown were significantly affected monetarily. Information was acquired from merchants through the circulation of a questionnaire which was distributed in September and October of 1983. A regression equation was formulated which took into account some possible causes for diminishing revenues other than the transit strike. The findings of this analysis were that the transit strike had a significant effect on the revenues of downtown businesses, as well as on the age-groups that were present in the downtown at the time of the strike. The regression analysis found that the other factors which were considered did not account for a very significant proportion of decreased revenues when compared to transit strikes.</p> / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy

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<p>This dissertation examines urban renewal programs carried out in Hamilton, Ontario and Buffalo, New York, from 1949 to 1974. It shows how these projects fit within the Congrès internationaux d’architecture moderne’s Functional City paradigm and how the modernist aesthetic was reflected in these industrial cities’ planning documents and practices. Urban renewal is often examined by focusing on issues of race, politics and social upheaval. This cross-border study offers a new approach to the analysis through the modernist aesthetic. The comparative study demonstrates that modernist ideas were integral to both Hamilton’s and Buffalo’s urban renewal schemes, contributing both to the desired outcome and to the process, a commitment to action through the destruction of blocks of homes and buildings. The analysis shows how the aesthetic transcended national differences in politics and programs and offers new insight to our understanding of urban renewal on both sides of the international border.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

<p>This study examines the media coverage of the widely-publicized non-Ebola event in Hamilton during 2001, and its impact on members of the local Hamilton Black community. The study argues that the problemalizalion of the non-Ebola event by both local and national print media stems from the anxiety of Canadians over the growing presence of racial minorities in Canada. The discursive construction of the event as a problem of immigration taps into the experiential consciousness of the public who draws on its racial capacity to make sense of the uncertainty and ambiguity of late modernity.</p> <p>~ism is expressed in the media coverage, but through non-race discourse. The study finds that immigration is problematized through its articulation with future health risks for Canadian. By the same token, racial diversity is dis-articulated from its socioeconomic benefits to Canadian society. Evidently, the discourse of immigration becomes a substitution for the discourse of anti-racial diversity. Findings show that members of the Black community are skeptical of medical and media systems, not necessarily because these systems are fallible, but largely because of their broader experience as a 'racial Other' in Canadian society. As a response to what members of the Black community have interpreted as exclusionary actions of these institutions, and punitive actions of the 'dominant racial group', 'race' is found to be inverted by Blacks, who gloss over within-group differences, out of resistance.</p> <p>The significance of the study lies in the links it draws between moral panic and risk discourses in perpetuating a late modem strain of racialization in the media.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

<p> The Dundas Valley is a deep bedrock valley underlying the Hamilton-Wentworth region of southern Ontario that has been infilled with up to 180m of Quaternary sediment. These sediments contain a valuable record of past environmental change, as well as control groundwater and contaminant migration pathways throughout the region. Unfortunately, the nature, origin and spatial distribution of sedimentary units comprising the infill are poorly understood. This thesis demonstrates the use of 3-D modeling of subsurface geological data obtained from water well and borehole records, engineering and construction reports to delineate the form and geometry of the sedimentary infill of the Dundas Valley. ROCKWORKS 2002 is used to analyze and model over 2000 data points and create a variety of 3-D images used as an aid to the interpretation of the late Quaternary geological history of the study area. </p> <p> Sediments identified within the valley include fine-grained diamicts, clays, silty clays, sands, gravels and silty sands. These sediment types are grouped into five stratigraphic units that record changing environmental conditions during the late Quaternary. Unit 1 represents the eroded Paleozoic bedrock surface and is overlain by a patchy veneer of sandy gravel (Unit 2), probably deposited under fluvial or shallow lacustrine conditions. Fine-grained deposits of Unit 3 record glacially-influenced lacustrine deposition in the Dundas Valley, possibly during a subsequent episode of ice advance. Unit 4 consists of coarse-grained nearshore deposits associated with the development of post-glacial Lake Iroquois and uppermost silts and sands of Unit 5 record the development of protected lagoonal conditions at the western end of the Ontario basin. </p> <p> The 3-D images of the Dundas Valley infill are also used to identify and delineate the geometry of aquifers and aquitards and to help predict potential directions of groundwater flow and potential contaminant movement. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)