Este trabalho apresenta conceitos e procedimentos que devem ser considerados na análise dinâmica de fundações de máquinas. São discutidas as abordagens e os métodos de cálculo à disposição dos engenheiros, assim como os fatores que influenciam a escolha e o desenvolvimento de modelos matemáticos adequados. Três tipos diferentes de fundação (fundações em bloco rígido, fundações de martelos e fundações aporticadas) são examinados, e são utilizados exemplos para demonstrar a eficácia de técnicas simples de modelagem. / This paper presents concepts and procedures necessary to the dynamic analysis of machine foundations. Analytical approaches available to the designer, and factors which influence the choice and development of a suitable analytical model are discussed. Three different foundations (block foundations, hammer foundations and framed foundations) are examined and examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of simple modeling techniques.

Submitted by Isaac Francisco de Souza Dias (isaac.souzadias@ufpe.br) on 2016-06-09T17:46:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Miranda, Tiago_PPGEOC2015.pdf: 25472450 bytes, checksum: 681c011d3934a3aa5856d312343b6847 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-09T17:46:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Miranda, Tiago_PPGEOC2015.pdf: 25472450 bytes, checksum: 681c011d3934a3aa5856d312343b6847 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-04 / ANP / A exploração de hidrocarbonetos em reservatórios naturalmente fraturados tem demandado um enorme esforço da indústria e da comunidade científica para a pesquisa relacionada à caracterização de sistemas de fraturas, devido à importância das estruturas para a previsão de fluxo, recuperação e integridade de reservatórios de petróleo. Este trabalho apresenta a metodologia desenvolvida e os resultados obtidos a partir da caracterização geológica e geomecânica de análogos de reservatórios carbonáticos naturalmente fraturados. A metodologia proposta se baseia na abordagem de diferentes técnicas: aplicação do método de scanline para a caracterização das fraturas naturais; obtenção de dados de resistência elástica com uso do Schimdt Hammer; análise da organização espacial das fraturas; descrição petrográfica; caracterização petrofísica; e construção de modelos geológicos conceituais. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em rochas carbonáticas (Formação Crato) e evaporíticas (Formação Ipubi) que afloram na Bacia do Araripe. Estas formações foram classificadas respectivamente como análogos de reservatório fraturado e rocha selante. O produto desta pesquisa foi aplicado na construção de modelos geomecânicos estáticos, com base no método de elementos finitos, com o objetivo de produzir simulações numéricas para reservatórios naturalmente fraturados. As principais estruturas identificadas nos calcários laminados da Formação Crato foram as fraturas de cisalhamento sin-sedimentares e, juntas e veios. Na Formação Ipubi as estruturas que ocorrem com maior frequência sãos veios verticais, preenchidos por gipsita e argilas. As fraturas extensionais dos calcários laminados ocorrem preferencialmente em duas direções: set 1 - NW-SE; e set 2 - NE-SW. O set 2 possui maior número de clusters de fraturas e maior strain. Os calcários laminados apresentam porosidade intrapartícula com média de 11% e permeabilidade muito baixa ~0,1 mD o que permitiram classificá-los como um análogo de reservatório não-convencional. A metodologia desenvolvida nesta pesquisa, envolvendo a caracterização integrada de parâmentros geológicos, petrofísicos e geomecânicos de análogos de reservatório carbonático naturalmente fraturado e uma unidade evaporítica capeadora, proporcionou a construção de simulações numéricas (hidromecânica) mais realistas. / The exploitation of hydrocarbons from naturally fractured reservoirs has drawn considerable attention from the fracture characterization research community and industry due to the importance of fractures in the prediction of fluid flow, recovery and reservoir integrity. In this research, we undertake multiscale surveys: application of the technique scanline; using the Schmidt Hammer; analyze the spatial distribution of natural fractures; make petrographic descriptions; petrophysics; and construct a geological model. The results of this work were applied to the geomechanical static models based on a finite element method, which aims to numerically simulate naturally fractured reservoirs. The study was conducted on two geological formations: Crato (laminated limestone) and Ipubi (evaporites), from the Araripe Basin, NE Brazil. In our model, the Crato Formation was considered as a reservoir analogue and Ipubi Formation as a seal. The main structures identified in the Crato Formation were opening-mode fractures (joints and veins) and syn-sedimentary shear fractures. The main fracture set observed in the Ipubi Formation was classified as vertical veins (filled by gypsum and clay). The opening-mode fractures of the Crato Formation strike in two main directions, NW-SE (set 1) and NE-SW (set 2), and are filled by calcite. Fractures of set 2 have a bigger strain and are more likely to be clustered than are the fractures of set 1 (NW-SE). It was also observed that the laminated limestones exhibits petrophysical characteristics (low average porosity of 11% and permeability ~ 0.1 mD) allowing us to classify them as unconventional reservoir analogue. The methodology developed in this research involving an intregrated characterization of geological, petrophysical, and geomechanical data have been used to populate computational models that consider the widespread fracture system in the numerical simulation of naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs.

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de propor uma modificação técnica e conceitual no sistema de segurança dos geradores e condutos forçados nos 1 e 2 da Usina Henry Borden, em Cubatão São Paulo, com a finalidade de reduzir os golpes de aríete no conduto forçado. Inicia-se com uma breve revisão sobre turbinas hidráulicas, com ênfase nos tipos mais comuns no Brasil. Faz um estudo sobre o desenvolvimento das turbinas, prossegue com uma explanação sobre turbinas de ação tipo Pelton, e sobre os fundamentos teóricos envolvidos nos componentes auxiliares, como, por exemplo, injetores, defletores, agulhas de segurança e conduto forçado. Apresenta sucintamente a história e a descrição técnica da Usina Henry Borden. Ao final, aborda o efeito do golpe de aríete no conduto forçado e as implicações que esse fenômeno causa na operação do gerador. A seguir, o estudo propõe uma modificação técnica e conceitual no funcionamento das agulhas de segurança, com as premissas de operação e sincronismo dos injetores principais e auxiliares. Comenta sobre a utilização de reguladores de velocidade digitais que foram utilizados na modernização dos reguladores de velocidade dos geradores 11 a 16 da usina subterrânea, e também na usina Henry Borden. O trabalho conclui com uma discussão sobre a perturbação ocorrida no conduto forçado n 1, e como a modificação técnica apresentada pode minimizar as oscilações dinâmicas nos condutos forçados. / This study aims to propose a technical and conceptual modification in the safety system of generators and forced ducts n 1 and 2 of Henry Borden hydroelectric power plant, in Cubatão - Sao Paulo, with the main objective of reducing the water hammer in the forced ducts. This work starts with a concise review on hydraulic turbines, with emphasis on the most common turbines in Brazil industry. The study in the improvement of turbines shows an introduction with an explanation about Pelton turbine as well as the theoretical foundations involved in the auxiliary components, such as injectors, deflectors, safety needles and forced ducts. The study shows a historical and a technical description of the Henry Borden hydroelectric power plant. At the end, a detailed effect of water hammer in forced duct shown as well as the implications that this phenomenon affects the operation of the generators. After that, the work reveals a proposal to a technical modification and shows a new concept in the operation of safety needles, with the premises of operation and synchronism of the main and auxiliary injectors. The following is a short comment on the use of digital speed regulators, which were used in the innovation of the speed regulators of the generating 11 to 16 of the underground plant, also in Henry Borden plant. In conclusion, there is a technical discussion about the effect of the phenomenon observed inside the forced ducts Number 1 shown as a well as proposal for technical modification, that would minimize dynamic oscillations in the forced ducts and reduce maintenance costs.

I denna studie har effekterna av en dynamisk leveldesign undersökts som baserat sig på konceptet Multiplayer Difficulty Adjustment. Konceptet baseras på flera olika källor men handlar igrunden om att behålla spelare i Flow.Baldwin (2014)gjorde en undersökning där effekterna av en ändring till HP för den förlorande spelaren utvärderades. Till skillnad har denna studie ändrat på nivåns design för att undersöka dess effekter och eventuella likheter till Baldwin. Det gjordes med spelet CS: GO (2013) där en egengjord nivå skapades medett system som simulerade en dynamisk förändring i nivån.Med denna nivå utfördes studien med 24 deltagare där matchstatistik, kvantitativadata och kvalitativa intervjuer samlades in. Även om deltagarantalet var lågt, så kan man se tydliga indikationer på att systemet balanserar ut spelet för deltagarna. Man kan även dra slutsatsen från intervjuerna att deltagarna föredrarsystemet men att det enbart får inkluderas i ”casual” spellägen.

Denna rapport är en undersökning om hur man gör en bana i ett FPS-spel så att banan blirintressant och rolig så att så många spelare som möjligt vill spela den. För att komma framtill det har jag skapat en bana i Hammer till spelet Team Fortress 2 för att göra vissa testerpå den för att därigenom komma fram till mitt resultat. Slutligen kom jag fram till att det viktigaste när man skapar en bana är variation och att hamed något som passar alla. Dessutom kan det ha en viss vikt hur banan ser ut annarskommer folk inte ens testa banan.

In this thesis a methodology for measuring vibrations has been produced andinvestigated for APID 60, a rotorcraft in a Vertical Take-off and landing remotelypiloted aircraft system (VTOL RPAS). A comparative study was carried out forthe purpose of identifying the methodology with respect to design modificationscommon to the APID 60. The pilot-study identified experimental modal analysis(EMA) as a feasible part of the methodology for experimentally extracting themodal parameters of a structure. The EMA was performed on the main frameof the APID 60 where an impact hammer test was chosen as the technique forextracting the response data. As a comparison a point mass was added to thestructure to alter the dynamic properties and the test was repeated.The results from the EMA was compared with a modal analysis performednumerically with a calculation software. Comparison of the results from EMAwith the modal analysis performed numerically indicates consistency. This confirmsa good reliability of the methodology produced. However, the structure onwhich the test were preformed is simple in terms of constant structural properties.Further work should therefore investigate whether this methodology of measuringvibrations could be successfully applied to a structure with higher complexity.

The goal of this work is a design of a hydraulic drilling unit and a manipulator for the PSU 9000 machine. The introduction describes the use of underground mining drilling machines and mentions some of the current solutions. The second part contains the design and calculations of individual components. In the final part, the finite-element method is used for calculation of the bearing parts of the construction.

The diploma thesis deals with suggestion of low alloy 14220.0, produced by solid forming. This suggestion is based on the size of series that contain 100 000 pieces a year. The essay contains knowledge refering to drop forging technology and comparison with existing technologies. Two suitable variants of production were assessed, these variants are drop forging with hammers and vertical forging press. Both theories were theoretically analised in order to describe given technology. The analysis also contains calculation and suitable machine choice. Drop filling on vertical forging presses was chosen because of forging type. Furthemore forging proposition was treated including production technique. The chosen variant contains calculation, suggestion of a die, machine that was used and suggestion of flash trimming. For suggested technology was chosen vertical press LZK 3150 B. Its producer is Šmeral a.s. Brno. This project also contains technical drawings of the given component, forge, dies and phase of forging.

This diploma thesis deals with project of shaft manufacturing using drop forging technology. This technology is manufacturing using cubic forming on vertical forging press. Work includes detail data for working out technical drawings of suggested component. Thanks to modification of parameters and forging a whole we reduce material waste which is compared to turning technology. Production process is adapted to established production process in company Kovarna ZETOR Brno. Further the work includes cost price of one forging from the set of 30 000 products a year. The work also contains background research of drop forging technology, technical drawings, production process list and simulation outcome for drop forging of the suggested komponent by software FormFEM.

The thesis discusses the possibility of a rationalizing of a production of handguns in the conditions of the Česká zbrojovka, a.s. company. In the beginning of the theoretical part, it deals with a familiarization with CZUB, its subsidiaries and a manufacturing portfolio. The following is a division of weapons, a describe of components of firearms and their method of a production. The practical part focuses on the possible rationalization of a production of components of a trigger, a hammer and a magazine catch. After analyzing the current situation in the company, the individual variants of the new technologies are described theoretically first of all. The technological processes for each component at each considered technology are created for these new variants. The following is the calculation of the required values for the final comparison. The final part is the technical-economic evaluation, which compares various technological options among themselves. In the final discussion, the possibility of the individual technologies and their implementation risks in the production process are mentioned.