The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) has exploded over the last decade with the constant need to reduce costs while maintaining capability. Despite the relentless development of electronics and battery technology there is a sustained need to reduce the size and weight of the on-board systems to free-up payload capacity. One method of reducing the energy storage requirement of UAVs is to utilise naturally occurring sources of energy found in the atmosphere. This thesis explores the use of static and semi-dynamic soaring to extract energy from naturally occurring shallow layer cumulus convection to improve range, endurance and average speed. A simulation model of an X-Models XCalibur electric motor-glider is used in combination with a refined 4D parametric atmospheric model to simulate soaring flight. The parametric atmospheric model builds on previous successful models with refinements to more accurately describe the weather in northern Europe. The implementation of the variation of the MacCready setting is discussed. Methods for generating efficient trajectories are evaluated and recommendations are made regarding implementation. For micro to small UAVs to be able to track the desired trajectories a highly accurate Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS) is needed. Detailed analysis of the practical implementation of advanced attitude determination is used to enable optimal execution of the trajectories generated. The new attitude determination methods are compared to existing Kalman and complimentary type filters. Analysis shows the methods developed are capable of providing accurate attitude determination with extremely low computational requirements, even during extreme manoeuvring. The new AHRS techniques reduce the need for powerful on-board microprocessors. This new AHRS technique is used as a foundation to develop a robust navigation filter capable of providing improved drift performance, over traditional filters, in the temporary absence of global navigation satellite information. All these algorithms have been verified by flight tests using a mixture of manned and unmanned aerial vehicles and avionics developed specifically for this thesis.

Tikslas Išanalizavus internetinių puslapių antraštės struktūrą ištirti juose naudojamų metaduomenų įtaką indeksavimui. Tyrimo objektas Internetiniame puslapyje aprašoma antraštė, jos metaduomenys. Problema Randama daug literatūros ir straipsnių apie metaduomenų panaudojimą bei reikšmę internetinių puslapių kūrimui bei žiniatinklio indeksavimui, tačiau sutinkama skirtingų nuomonių šiuo klausimu, vieni teigia, kad mataduomenys turi mažai įtakos žiniatinklio indeksavimui, kiti teigia priešingai. Deja, visa medžiaga apie metaduomenų įtaką pateikiama tik teorinė, o realių pavyzdžių beveik nėra, todėl atlikus tyrimą įsitikinama metažymių naudingumu ir suformuluojamas taisyklingas antraštės aprašymas. Tyrimo metodologija Teoriniai tyrimo metodai: paieškos variklio veikimo apžvalga, paieškos variklių optimizavimą įtakojančių faktorių apžvalga, metažymių aprašymo ir panaudojimo analizė. Praktiniai tyrimo metodai: internetinio puslapio antraštės analizavimas, antraštėje talpinamų duomenų apie metažymes surinkimas, metažymėse aprašomų raktažodžių reikšmių surinkimas, paieškos rezultatų pagal raktažodžius ir puslapio pavadinimą stebėjimas. Naudotos priemonės „Mozila Firefox“ 3.5.9 – žiniatinklio naršyklė „Macromedia Dreamweaver“ 8.0 – internetinių puslapių kūrimo programa. Tyrimo apimtis Indeksavimo našumas palygintas taikant paieškos užklausų pateikimą keliems paieškos varikliams tuo pačiu metu. Tyrimo eksperimentas apima šiuos realizacijos atvejus: paieškos užklausos pagal raktažodžių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of this bachelor’s paper is to carry out deep research on web indexing which depends from headings. The reason why have been decided to do this research were the numerous information about methods, which increases the better way of web indexing, however, there is no information on practical examples. Very important is high page rank in search engine, because it is main way to the success and popularity. There is possibility to increase page rank by integration of metatags into the page’s headings, however, literature sources gives different articles about metatags operation and their influence to the web indexing, this is the reason which stimulated to research, its proves how the search engine assess heading’s metadata. The research has been made by three search’s engines. The main research object is described in internet’s page headings and its metadata. The theoretical part which has been analysed includes information about operations in search engine, and about the main search engine’s optimization factors, in the internet’s pages heading have been used metatags structure and the value. The research have been done by analysing heading structure and in the heading have been used metadata, where had been investigated the keyword use of metatag and title tag’s influence to the web indexing. The work produced rightful example of headings how should be filled, and recommendations to improve the web indexing. The research which has been... [to full text]

In terms of global TFT-LCD industry, the most important competitors for Taiwan TFT-LCD industry are Korean Samsung & LG Philips (LPL) at present. To compete with them, it becomes one of the important strategies to work with Mainland China as working partners. The development of ¡§strategy of heading west to China¡¨ becomes the most direct way to reduce cost & maintain business. When managers prudently evaluate industry¡¦s heading west to China, how to reduce the conflict faced by the enterprise & employees is becoming one of the important issues for experts & enterprises recently. Referring to the interimportance & the interdependence of the criteria items that the experts selected in evaluation of the inclination to detain for oversea dispatching staff, AHP was applied to compare the interimportance of the clusters, and then ANP was applied to compare the interdependence of the clusters, and the expert questionnaires were collected. The interimportance of the questionnaires was calculated through AHP, and the interdependence was calculated through ANP in order to construct the weighting system of the inclination to detain for oversea dispatching staff, as the reference to the policy of oversea dispatch for the subject company. It can increase the scientific factors for human decisions. Data of C Company was analyzed through ANP & the findings were as follows. 1. The weight of all the criteria items for the effect of the policy of heading west to China on the inclination to detain for oversea dispatching staff. Criteria Item Weight Individual Factor Working Pressure 9.54% 59.82% Career Development 28.13% Individual Inclination 22.15% Organizational Factor Leadership 12.27% 40.18% Dispatch System 10.73% Supporting System 13.36% Organizational Culture 3.81% Total 100.00% 2. The Company should put primary stress on employees¡¦ career development. 3. In terms of increase in individual inclination, it becomes the primary consideration for supporting the policy of oversea dispatch that the company assists the employee family.

Screws are produced by four manufacturing processes : extrusion, drawing, heading and thread-rolling. This paper will develop the related manufacturing technology of LZ91 magnesium alloy screws. At first, finite element simulation is adopted to analyze the effects of each process parameters on the formability. Then, each process experiments are conduted to manufacture an M6 magnesium alloy screw. Comparisous between analytical and experimental results verify the suitability and accuracy of the analytical models. In the extrusion process, by the finite element simulations the extrusion load is obtained. Then bar extrudsion experiments with high extrusion ratioto manufacture two bars of 6.5 and 7 mm in diameter using a 350 ton extrusion machine . In the drawing process, the effects of reduction and friction factor on the optimal semi-die angle are discussed, and the relationship is found. Then a rod of 7.0 mm in diameter is drawn into 6.5 mm experimentally. In the heading process, three stages in it`s process are designed. The arc shape and axial length of the die for the first stage are found out. Finally, heading experiments are conducted and sizes between the product and the simulation results are compared. In thread-rolling process, the effects of the screw plate gap on the formability are discussed numerically. Then, thread-rolling experiments are conducted to compare the sizes of the product and the simulation results. In addition, microstructure observation and hardness test are conducted to understand the effects of drawing process on the strength of the product.

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (p.133-135).

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) is a popular and evolving area of research and development. By providing assistance to the vehicle drivers, ADAS could significantly reduce the number of traffic accidents since 90 % of all accidentsare caused by the human factor. ADAS with cameras provides a wide field of view and thanks to today’s advanced image processing techniques, lots of informationcan be extracted from the camera image. This thesis proposes a method of estimating the heading of vehicles using a mono camera system. The method consists of an extended Kalman filter with a constant velocity motion model to predict the vehicle’s path, fed by classification measurements from machine learning algorithms together with angular rate measurements. Monte Carlo simulations performed in this thesis show promising results. The results on real-world data indicate that the method used to construct the angular rate measurements must be improved in order to reach the same results as obtained from the simulations. An additional measurement, the vehicle’s corners, is introduced in order to further provide the filter with information. The thesis shows that the mono camera system needs further improvements in order to reach the same level of performance as a stereo camera system.

This study sought to determine if an acute bout of soccer heading adversely altered postural control and pronounced self-reported symptoms of cerebral concussion. Sixteen collegiate soccer players were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control (CG) or experimental (EG). Participants either simulated or performed 10 headers in 10 min at a ball velocity 11.2 m/s. A concussion signs and symptoms checklist was completed and postural control was assessed on four separate occasions: prior to heading (hr 0), hr 1, hr 24, and hr 48 post heading. The postural control parameters were the root mean square (RMS) of the center of mass (COM) and approximate entropy (ApEN) of the center of pressure (COP). The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the CG and EG in the sum of self-reported concussion signs and symptoms; however, there were significant alterations in postural control, occurring primarily at 24 hrs following heading. Within the EG only there were significant differences across time for anterior-posterior (AP) COM RMS for conditions 3 (i.e., rotating virtual environment [VE] and stable support surface) and 4 (i.e., rotating VE and unstable support surface). Also, medial-lateral (ML) COM RMS values were significantly higher for the EG when compared to the CG at hr 24. The EG had significantly lower COP ApEn values in both the AP and ML directions when compared to the CG at hr 24. Condition 4 was found to induce significantly greater postural control deficits when compared to the other conditions in the ML COM RMS and AP COP ApEn. These findings indicate that an acute bout of heading, even at the low velocities presented in this experiment, result in quantifiable alterations in postural control that are detectable 24 hours post heading and dissipate within an additional 24 hours. The significant findings are contrary to the acute heading literature and may be due to the postural control assessment that incorporated robust discordant environmental conditions. Further research on the clinical usefulness of the assessment as well as long-term accumulation effects of heading is warranted. / Kinesiology

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

This paper describes, the development of a sensor fusion algorithm-based Kalman lter ar- chitecture, in combination with a low cost Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for an Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS). A low cost IMU takes advantage of the use of MEMS technology enabling cheap, compact, low grade sensors. The use of low cost IMUs is primar- ily targeted towards Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) applications due to the requirements for small package size, light weight, and low energy consumption. The high dynamics nature of smaller airframes, coupled with the typical vibration induced noise of UAVs require an e cient, reliable, and robust AHRS for vehicle control. To eliminate the singularities at 90 on the pitch and roll axes, and to keep the computational e ciency high, quaternions are used for state attitude representation.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal