Differences in gait biomechanics have been observed between obese and healthy weight adults. It is possible that body segment parameters, particularly the thigh, contribute to the differences in knee biomechanics observed during gait between obese and healthy weight adults. The purpose of this study was to determine if increases in thigh circumference and/or mass associated with obesity alter walking biomechanics in healthy weight males and females. Thigh mass and circumference were increased proportional to a 10 unit increase in body mass index. Frontal and sagittal plane knee angles and moments, and temporospatial variables were recorded. For all dependent variables no main effect for gender was observed. Peak knee flexion angle was similar across conditions with no interaction. There was an interaction for peak internal knee extension moment however post hoc comparisons did not reveal differences in condition among males or females. A main effect for condition was observed for peak knee adduction angle, however post hoc comparisons did not reveal differences among conditions. Peak internal knee abduction moment was similar across conditions with no interaction. Stance time and step width increased during the experimental conditions compared to the control. A interaction was observed for stance time. Females had a longer stance time during the circumference only condition compared to the control condition. A greater step width was observed in conditions that increased thigh circumference. Overall, thigh segment parameters altered gait temporospatial variables. Increases in stance time and step width in obese adults compared to healthy weight adults could be a result of their larger thigh segment parameters.

Title: Lifestyle diseases prevention by adequate lifestyle, healthy diet and physical activities within the corporate culture Goal: Introduce a draft of corporate program for health care based on information acquired from written questionnaire and analysis of approach to health in the Czech Republic, and also based on materials from the Institute of Health Information and Statistics in Czech Republic. Methods: Primary quantitative data were chosen as a data source. Primary quantitative data were collected by written questionnaire. A primary set are employees of five selected companies. Secondary set are 100 respondents who demonstrate a representative sample. Information obtained from the Institute of Health Information and Statistics in Czech Republic are secondary data which were collected within a nationwide statistics. Results: Particular questions from written questionnaire were processed and obtained results are presented in pie charts. Secondary data are processed and presented by scripts, charts and tables. Keywords: Lifestyle, physical activity, healthy diet, lifestyle diseases, prevention.

Le vieillissement de la population et la gérontocroisssance sont ancrés sur le territoire national. A Paris, le vieillissement démographique est moins prononcé, mais il s'accompagne d'une augmentation régulière des 85 ans et plus. Cette évolution démographique fait apparaître d'une part l'augmentation de l'espérance de vie en bonne santé et de l'autre, l'augmentation du nombre de personnes dépendantes avec des enjeux politiques, économiques, sociaux, sanitaires et sociétaux. Le vieillissement en bonne santé est au coeur des politiques publiques pour prévenir la perte d'autonomie. Avec l'avancée en âge, le maintien de la mobilité et des sociabilités est essentiel pour conserver son autonomie et son appropriation du territoire de vie. Les trois quarts des 75 ans et plus sont valides, autonomes, et font le choix de rester le plus longtemps possible à leur domicile. Ce constat est essentiel pour mener à bien une politique territoriale du « bien vieillir » et assurer à tous une qualité de vie. L'étude menée dans le 14ème arrondissement à Paris met en relation les pratiques spatiales des 75 ans et plus, leur perception de l'espace et leur représentation du territoire sous la forme de cartes mentales. Elle souligne les disparités socio-spatiales entre les aînés, l'accentuation des besoins lors du rétrécissement de l'espace au grand âge et les dysfonctionnements territoriaux contribuant à l'isolement socio-spatial des personnes âgées. Ce diagnostic à échelle locale identifie des besoins dont les réponses concernent l'ensemble des acteurs du vieillissement du quartier, de l'arrondissement, de la ville et de l'Etat / Population ageing and the "pensioner boom" (gerontogrowth) are well established all over France. In Paris, population ageing may not be as pronounced as elsewhere but the number of elderly citizens over 85 has been rising steadily. This development means, on the one hand, an improved expectancy of a healthy old age, but on the other, an increase in the number of elderly dependent people and a whole range of consequences including political, economic, social, societal and health issues. Healthy ageing is at the heart of government policies designed to prevent age-related loss of autonomy. As people grow older, preserving their mobility and social connections is crucial if they are to remain independent and retain control over their surroundings. Three quarters of the over 75s are able-bodied and independent and choose to stay at home for as long as they can. This should be borne in mind in seeking to develop a territorial social-spatial approach to "ageing well” and providing quality of life in old age for all. Our survey carried out in the fourteenth arrondissement of Paris establishes a connection between the spacial habits in senior citizens over 75, their perception of space and the way they picture their surroundings in the form of mental maps. The survey underlines the extent of socio-spatial disparities between elderly citizens, their growing personal needs as space shrinks in old age and the malfunctioning of the local agencies breakdown of communities, all of which contribute to the socio-spatial isolation of the elderly. This local-level analysis identifies the issues surrounding the ageing population which any key player whether operating locally or nationally needs to address

Submitted by Biblioteca de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica BGQ (bgq@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-03-24T16:04:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Silvia Lisboa.pdf: 3038622 bytes, checksum: d6fd17f5be7eb5edaafbd1fba3718a41 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-24T16:04:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Silvia Lisboa.pdf: 3038622 bytes, checksum: d6fd17f5be7eb5edaafbd1fba3718a41 (MD5) / Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Química. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências- Geoquímica Ambiental. Niterói, RJ / Com os danos que vêm sendo causados nos ecossistemas recifais brasileiros e considerando suas altas taxas de endemismo, a conservação da biodiversidade dos mesmos é indispensável e a utilização de indicadores ambientais é importante para o estudo dos fenômenos que afetam os ecossistemas marinhos. É nesse contexto que a assembleia de foraminíferos bentônicos tem sido amplamente utilizada como indicadores da qualidade ambiental de ecossistemas de recifes de coral, uma vez que estes organismos estão entre os principais produtores do sedimento recifal. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interação entre os indicadores geoquímicos e a fauna de foraminíferos bentônicos na caracterização ambiental do Recife de Fora, que corresponde a uma área de proteção marinha, porém com intensa visitação turística e exploração de seus recursos. As estações de amostragem foram escolhidas aleatoriamente e totalizaram 59 amostras de sedimento superficial, destinadas às análises de tamanho dos grãos, matéria orgânica, carbonato de cálcio e foraminíferos. A face leste apresentou os maiores teores de areia e de carbonato de cálcio dentre as demais estações, já a face oeste do Recife de Fora apresentou o sedimento composto predominantemente por lama e com maiores concentrações de matéria orgânica. Nesta mesma área foram obtidos os maiores índices de diversidade (Shanon-Wiener) e a maior abundância dos foraminíferos oportunistas Bolivina, Ammonia e Nonion. Sendo assim, a relação entre o tipo de sedimento e a diversidade e a composição da assembleia de foraminíferos observada permite concluir que a fauna analisada exibe padrões de distribuição relacionados principalmente aos parâmetros sedimentológicos, associados à presença de corpos recifais / With the damages that have been caused in the brazilian reefs ecosystems and considering their high endemism, the conservation of biodiversity therefore is indispensable and the use of bioindicators are important for understanding the phenomena that affects marine ecosystems. In this context, the foraminiferal assemblages have been widespread used as environmental quality indicators of coral reefs, since these organisms are among the main producers of reef sediments. The aim of this work was to evaluate the interaction between geochemical parameters and benthic foraminifera assemblages to assess the environmental quality of Recife de Fora, which corresponds to a marine protected area subject to tourism and exploitation of its resources. For this purpose, 59 random stations were chosen for surface sediment sampling and analyses of particle size, organic matter content, calcium carbonate and foraminifera. The seaward side of the reef had the highest proportions of sand and calcium carbonate among all stations and the landward exhibited the sediments, mainly composed of mud and higher concentrations of organic matter. In the latter area the highest diversity indexes (Shanon-Wiener) were found with a greater abundance of the stress-tolerant foraminifera Bolivina, Ammonia and Nonion. As such, a close relationship among the sediment type with the diversity and the composition of foraminifera assemblage indicating that the distribution pattern of the analysed fauna is directly related to sedimentary parameters associated with the presence of coral reefs and hydrodynamic conditions operating in the area