Bakgrund: Kommunikation utgör en viktig grund för kvalitén av hälso- och sjukvården. Genom kommunikationshinder mellan patient och sjukvårdspersonal kan inte en adekvat vård ges med hänsyn till patientens integritet, självbestämmande och delaktighet. Tolkanvändningen kan förbättra vården då kommunikationen förbättras mellan patient och sjukvårdspersonal och minskar risken för missförstånd samt ökar patientsäkerheten. Genom tydlig kommunikation har patienten en chans att vara delaktig och upplever en känsla av trygghet i den vård patienten får.  Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva tolkanvändningens betydelse för kommunikationen i vårdmötet mellan patient och sjukvårdspersonal. Metod: Denna studie består av en icke-systematiskt litteraturöversikt som är baserad på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. En integrerad dataanalys har utförts för att hitta relevanta artiklar till resultatet. De vetenskapliga artiklarna som använts i studien är inhämtade från databaserna CINAHL och PubMed och är sedan kvalitetsgranskade utifrån Sophiahemmet högskolas bedömningsunderlag. Resultatet består av två kategorier med tillhörande underkategorier.  Resultat: Resultatet i litteraturöversikten visar på att tolkanvändningen är nödvändig i mötet mellan patient och sjukvårdspersonal för att ge en adekvat vård och för att ge patienten en delaktighet och trygghet i sin vård. Trots att tolkanvändningen är nödvändig, används professionella tolkar i för låg utsträckning. Genom användningen av professionella tolkar ökar patientsäkerheten och stärker vårdrelationen.  Slutsats: Tolkanvändning inom vården har visat på ökad patientsäkerhet och välbefinnande. Trots detta så visar det på att tolkanvändningen inom hälso- och sjukvården är låg. Utebliven tolkanvändning kan leda till konsekvenser såsom längre sjukhusvistelser och att patienterna söker sig till hälso- och sjukvården upprepande gånger. Istället för professionella tolkar används familjemedlemmar för att tolka vilket har positiva men övergripande negativa konsekvenser och som inte rekommenderas. Sjukvårdspersonalen behöver ökad kunskap inom området tolkanvändning. Genom tolkanvändning kan hälso- och sjukvården arbeta för att en vårdande kommunikation ska uppstå. / Background: Communication is an important basis for the quality of healthcare. Due to communication barriers between the patient and the care staff, adequate care cannot be provided regarding to the patient's integrity, self-determination, and participation.The use of an interpreter can improve care as the communication between patient and care staff is improved and reduces the risk of misunderstandings. Through clear communication, the patient has a chance to participate and experience a sense of security in the care the patient receives. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the importance an interpreter has for the communication between patients and healthcare staff.  Method: This study consists of a non-systematic literature review based on 15 scientific articles. Integrated data analysis has been performed to find relevant articles for the results. The scientific articles used in the study were obtained from CINAHL and PubMed and then quality-examined based on Sophiahemmet University's assessment protocol. The result consists of two main groups with associated subgroups. Results: The results in the literature review show that the use of interpreters is necessary for the meeting between patients and healthcare staff to provide adequate care and provide the patient with participation and security in their care. Although the use of interpreters is necessary, interpreters are used too little. Through the use of interpreters, patient safety increases and strengthens the care-relationship. Conclusions: The use of interpreters in healthcare has shown increased patient safety and well-being. Despite this, it shows that the use of interpreters in health care is low. Failure to use an interpreter can lead to consequences such as longer hospital stays and patients seeking medical care again. Instead of professional interpreters, family members are used to interpret, which has positive but overall negative consequences, and which is not recommended. Healthcare professionals need increased knowledge in the field of interpreting. Through the use of interpreters, the health service can work to ensure that caring care is established.

Stress, burn-out, dépression ou encore « risques psychosociaux », sont autant de catégories qui servent aujourd'hui à désigner les multiples formes de souffrances psychiques liées à l’activité professionnelle. Les maux de l’esprit ne sont toutefois pas un phénomène récent. Ils ont au contraire pris des formes et des significations variables selon les époques. Ils ont fait l’objet de traitements hétérogènes.Qu’en est-il alors du travail ? À partir de quand, dans quelles circonstances et pour quelles raisons a-t-il pu être appréhendé comme une source de souffrance psychique ? Comment ces souffrances ont-elles été dénoncées ? À l’inverse, comment rendre compte de l’invisibilité sociale des effets du travail sur la santé mentale des travailleurs ? Quel rôle les syndicats, chargés de représenter et de défendre les salariés et leur santé, ont-ils pu jouer dans cette histoire ? On a aujourd’hui peu de réponses à ces questions. C’est cette histoire que cette thèse souhaite retracer à partir d’une attention particulière aux organisations syndicales. Les syndicalistes, en tant que représentants des travailleurs, sont en effet appelés à jouer un rôle de premier plan dans la préservation de leur santé et l’amélioration de leurs conditions de travail. Notre recherche se centre pour cela sur l’activité de deux confédérations syndicales, la CGT et la CFDT, aux origines, à l’histoire et au positionnement politique et dans le champ syndical différents. Nous prêtons plus particulièrement attention au rôle joué par les conseillers confédéraux, ces acteurs de l’ombre chargés de décliner les politiques confédérales.La CFDT comme la CGT, n’ont jamais abandonné le terrain des conditions de travail, sur lequel des permanents ont toujours été en responsabilité. Cependant, ce sujet, souvent porté par des militants aux trajectoires et au profil atypiques dans l’espace syndical, n’a que rarement constitué une priorité politique. Par ailleurs, le thème de la santé psychique a été pris en charge dès 1954 à la CGT et dès sa création par la CFDT, dix ans plus tard. Néanmoins, il a fait l’objet d’une prise en charge intermittente jusqu’au tournant des années 2000. Cette thèse éclaire ainsi les ressorts et les dynamiques de prise en charge et d’occultation des enjeux de santé psychique, qui tiennent à la fois aux modalités d’organisation et de division du travail au sein des confédérations syndicales, aux parcours et à la socialisation des militants en responsabilité et à leur inscription dans des réseaux militants et scientifiques. Elle resitue les pratiques des responsables confédéraux dans les évolutions des savoirs et du cadre juridique de la santé en analysant leur rôle dans la visibilité sociale des souffrances psychiques et dans leur prise en charge syndicale. / Stress, burn-out, depression or even "psychosocial risks" are all categories which today serve to designate the multiple forms of psychological suffering linked to professional activity. The ills of the mind, however, are not a recent phenomenon. On the contrary, they have taken on forms and meanings that vary throughout history.So what about work? From when, under what circumstances and for what reasons could he be apprehended as a source of psychological suffering? How were these sufferings denounced? On the contrary, how can we explain the social invisibility of the effects of work on workers' mental health? What role did the trade unions, responsible for representing and defending employees and their health, play in this story? Today, we have few answers to these questions. It is this history that this thesis wishes to trace from a particular attention to trade union organizations. Trade unionists, as workers' representatives, are called upon to play a leading role in safeguarding their health and improving their working conditions. Our research focuses on the activity of two trade union confederations, the CGT and the CFDT, with different origins, history and political positioning and in the trade union field. We pay particular attention to the role played by the confederal counselors, the actors in charge of implementing confederal policies.Both the CFDT and the CGT have never abandoned the field of working conditions, on which permanent staff have always been in charge. However, this subject, often carried by militants with atypical trajectories and profiles in the trade union space, has only rarely been a political priority. In addition, the theme of mental health was taken up by the CGT in 1954 and by the CFDT ten years later. Nevertheless, it was the subject of intermittent management until the turn of the 2000s. This thesis thus sheds light on the dynamics and dynamics of taking charge of and concealing the stakes of psychological health, which are linked both to the methods of organisation and division of labour within the trade union confederations, to the careers and socialisation of activists in responsibility and to their inclusion in militant and scientific networks. It situates the practices of confederal officials in the evolution of knowledge and the legal framework of health by analysing their role in the social visibility of psychological suffering and in their trade union care.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第19198号 / 農博第2137号 / 新制||農||1034(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H27||N4944(農学部図書室) / 32190 / 京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻 / (主査)教授 北山 兼弘, 教授 北島 宣, 教授 神﨑 護 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

With racism driving perinatal health disparities, antiracist tools and trainings are necessary for WIC nutrition professionals who serve as frontline providers for Black and Indigenous families of color. Black families, in particular, are the most likely to experience harms from discrimination in health care and health services, even from well-intentioned providers in caring professions. This thesis investigates the role of racism, both interpersonal and structural, and how it may influence WIC enrollment, participation and culture of care. After providing a basic overview about WIC including recent participation and demographic statistics and trends, I share my own ethnographic observations and reflections on my positionality in the WIC clinic setting. I review research on the most commonly identified barriers to and benefits from WIC participation, including how those benefits intersect with contributing factors in the crisis in Black perinatal health in the United States, and make the case for including experiences of bias and racism as an overlooked barrier. With a focus on improving the client experience, I use an urban bioethics lens to inform strategies (including antiracism training for WIC staff) to increase and sustain WIC participation and the concomitant benefits participation can incur, particularly for Black mothers and birthing people and their families. I review the literature that informed our training, describe key components of the training, and summarize the findings from the evaluation and assessment of the WIC nutrition professionals who attended. Lastly, I posit how the convergence of COVID-19 and the racial justice uprisings of 2020, both accelerated the acceptance of the need for innovations in how WIC is implemented, and created the conditions to facilitate rapid changes towards more equitable policies and procedures at both the local and federal level. Many of these changes were previously thought to be desirable but unattainable, and I reflect on the need to seize this opportunity to intentionally build upon that progress by applying a racial equity framework to envision a post-pandemic WIC. / Urban Bioethics

No description available.

Current study demonstrated the impact of heat therapy on skeletal muscle function in a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The aim of this study was to: (1) examine the impact of treatment temperature on the skeletal muscle adaptation in DBA/2J mice; and (2) determine the impact of repeated HT for 3 consecutive weeks on body composition and skeletal muscle function in D2.mdx, a model of DMD. From study 1, we revealed that HT at 39℃ for 3 weeks significantly promoted relative muscle mass of both EDL and soleus muscle in DBA/2J mice. However, from study 2, HT at 39℃ for 3 weeks does not improve muscle function or increase muscle mass in a mouse model of DMD.

<p> The vegetational colonization and development preceding the establishment of lichen-heath was examined on a Hudson Bay coastal raised-beach system. A continuous and directional developmental sequence of approximately 200 years was quantified on both a coastal intraridge sample sequence and on an inland interridge sample sequence. Increasing gradients of elevation, soil peat thickness and soil organic matter coincide with the vegetational development, however no appreciable changes in soil pH or concentrations of available nutrients were detected and it is concluded that these parameters have little influence on the development of lichen-heath at this site. Community composition over the ridge profile forms a second major vegetational gradient which appears to be affected primarily by environmental factors related to ridge morphology and orientation. The interactions of environmental factors in the development of lichen-heath are discussed.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

No description available.

Federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) are instrumental in providing top tier healthcare and other resources to underserved populations. Whether they administer services in house or refer patients to other providers, FQHCs aim to provide comprehensive primary and preventative care services to people of all ages. They offer a range of services, from doctor and dental appointments to mental health and substance abuse counseling, regardless of a patient’s insurance status. To receive funding, FQHCs must follow the regulations and quality standards set forth by groups like the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) and the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). A variety of barriers prevent young adults (18-24), particularly from underserved communities, from accessing resources available at community health centers (CHCs). Encouraging more people to utilize the preventative care resources provided by community health centers will increase quality of life for underserved populations, reduce the future burden on the healthcare system, and allow CHCs to access more funding. Strategies to reach this currently hard-to-reach population were developed through interviews with health educators, analysis of existing patient data, benchmarking FQHCs across the United States, and surveying the target population. Barriers to utilizing preventative care resources were collected and current patient outreach strategies were assessed. New strategies were proposed and evaluated by current patient educators at FQHCs. This research will outline a cohesive set of effective patient outreach strategies for FQHCs to increase their young adult patient base, particularly regarding preventative care.

The aim of my thesis was to collect, compare and evaluate body size, body composition, vital lung capacity, dynamometry and a level of motor performance of men aged from 18 to 25 years of two target groups - men who are professional swimmers or floorball players, and males of a common population. Using standard somatometric methods, a group of 39 swimmers, a group of 39 floorball players, and a group of 39 non-sportsmen of a common population were examined. The examined body parametres were body length, body weight, bustline, arm line, contracted-arm line, forearm line, thigh line, calf line; width of epiphysis of humerus and femur, wrist, ankle, biacromial and bicristal breadth, breadth of the transverse and sagittal section of chest; skin folds. The ascertained data were compared with the results of previous researches. The thesis also includes the results of motor tests, dynamometry and vital lung capacity.