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The Budd-Chiari syndrome : a study of diagnosis, haemodynamics and treatmentClain, David Jocelyn 08 August 2017 (has links)
Symptomatic occlusion of the hepatic veins is a rare condition caused by tumour or thrombus arising either locally or by extension from the inferior vena cava. It is usually called the Budd-Chiari syndrome. The etiology remains unknown in over two-thirds of the patients. Its rarity and interest has led to a large number of individual case reports. 322 instances of symptomatic hepatic vein occlusion have been reported, of which 184 are single case publications. There are only six series of more than five cases (Nishikawa, 1910; Corinini and Oberson. 1937; Palnar, 1954; Parker, 1959; Gibson, 1960; Safouh and Shehata, 1965) and these have been largely drawn from autopsy records, although Palmer (1954) described seven patients seen during life. The clinical and pathological features of hepatic vein occlusion have been described in a number of papers (Hess, 1905; Thompson and Turnbull, 1912; Armstrong and Carnes, 1944; Kelsey and Comfort, 1945; Thompson, 1947; Parker, 1959; Gibson, 1960) during the one hundred and twenty years since the publication of Budd's treatise. However, accurate diagnosis has generally relied on autopsy, and detailed investigations have seldom been performed. Consequently, little is known of the roentgenographic and haemodynamic features. The diagnosis of liver disease has been revolutionized by such special techniques as percutaneous liver biopsy, portal pressure measurements, isotope scanning and selective arteriography and venography. This study describes six patients with the Budd-Chiari syndrome in whom these methods have been applied to establish the diagnosis, to ascertain the underlying cause and to assess the possibility of surgical intervention. Special attention has been given to hepatic venography and hepatography. The vascular pattern in the Budd-Chiari syndrome has been compared with that in normals and in patients with other diseases of the liver. Diagnostic features have been determined and an attempt made to evaluate compensatory changes in the lymphatic drainage and venous blood supply following hepatic vein obstruction. Alterations in portal dynamics have also been recorded. The clinical course has been followed and the effect of treatment assessed in each patient. Finally, the literature has been reviewed with particular reference to the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic vein thrombosis. The studies reported in this thesis were carried out during the tenure of a Research Fellowship in the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, and they were supported by a grant from the William Shepherd Bequest to the Royal Free Hospital. The special radiological procedures, haemodynamic studies, isotope investigations and laboratory work were personally performed with the exception of the scintillation scans, coeliac axis arteriograms and the other individual tests acknowledged overleaf.
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Remarkable Hepatic Vein-To-Vein Anastomoses in Giant Cavernous Hemangioma of the Liver: A Case ReportKOJIMA, HIROHIKO 03 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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IMPACTO DA INFUSÃO MESENTÉRICA DE COMPOSTOS NITROGENADOS SOBRE O FLUXO VISCERAL DE METABÓLITOS EM OVINOS / IMPACT OF NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS MESENTERIC INFUSION ON METABOLITES VISCERAL FLOW IN SHEEPStefanello, Simone 16 February 2016 (has links)
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / The aim of the study is measure the impact of the mesenteric infusion of different N compounds: alanine, arginine and ammonium bicarbonate on oxygen uptake by splanchnic tissues relative the ureagenesis and gluconeogenesis. In an attempt to quantify the digestibility diet initially and after visceral metabolism, a trial with four multicatheterized wethers (45±2 kg body weight) was conducted as a 4 × 4 Latin Square feeding Tifton hay (2,5 %) and protein concentrate (0,7%) with 210 minutes daily periods during 4 days. The data obtained in the digestibility trial were complementary to those obtained in metabolism trial. The blood flow through portal- drained viscera (PDV) and total splanchnic tissues (ST) were determined by downstream dilution of 15 g/L p-aminohippurate (PAH) infused continuously (1.5mL/min) into the mesenteric vein. In parallel, wethers were continually infused into the mesenteric vein with aphysiological saline (0.15 MNaCl) solution during 90 minutes followed by the infusion, during more 120 minutes, of either solution: physiological saline (control), 0.25 MNH4HCO3, 0.25 M L-alanine or 0.125 M L-arginine, all of them infused at a rate of 1.5 mL/min to provide 375 μmol N/min. The infusion of nitrogenous compounds and their greater hepatic uptake increased hepatic O2 spent as a result of an increase in ureagenesis, which was not observed for gluconeogenesis. The higher ammonia portal circulation increases urea synthesis and thus the energy cost. O2 expense associated with the urea synthesis is higher than O2 expense related to gluconeogenesis. Increased alanine or arginine uptake by liver did not change the cost of O2. Moreover, it was not possible to compare the amino acids in study, since the infusion of arginine did not change any of the variables examined. / O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o impacto da ureagênese e da neoglicogênese sobre o gasto visceral de oxigênio e se a infusão mesentérica de arginina, alanina e bicarbonato de amônio aumentam o consumo de energia pelo sistema visceral. Também foi avaliado se há diferença no gasto de energia pelos tecidos viscerais em função do tipo de composto nitrogenado infundido. Foram conduzidos dois ensaios com ovinos, sendo um para avaliar a digestibilidade da dieta e outro para avaliar parâmetros relacionados ao metabolismo visceral. Foram utilizados quatro ovinos machos (45±2 kg de peso corporal) com catéteres permanentes implantados cirurgicamente, em um delineamento experimental Quadrado Latino 4x4 alimentados com feno de tifton + concentrado em quantidades restritas a 2,5% PV para a oferta de volumoso e 0,7% PV para a oferta de concentrado. Os dados obtidos no ensaio de digestibilidade foram complementares aos obtidos no ensaio de metabolismo. Os animais passaram por quatro períodos com duração de um dia, onde em cada período foi infundido um dos tratamentos, sendo eles: solução fisiológica (controle), alanina, arginina e bicarbonato de amônio, totalizando quatro dias consecutivos de avaliação por animal. As infusões foram efetuadas na veia mesentérica com o auxílio de uma bomba de infusão contínua com capacidade de infundir concomitantemente o tratamento e o marcador de fluxo sanguíneo (PAH). Foram obtidas amostras de sangue em três diferentes pontos, sendo eles: artéria carótida, veia hepática e veia porta, em diferentes horários. Foram realizadas análises de gasometria, hematócrito e concentração sanguínea dos nutrientes: glicose, ureia, amônia, hemoglobina e de ácido paramino-hipúrico. A infusão de compostos nitrogenados e maior captação hepática dos mesmos, aumentou o gasto hepático de O2 como consequência de um aumento na ureagênese, o que não foi observado para a neoglicogênese. O incremento da circulação portal de amônia aumenta a síntese de ureia e consequentemente o custo energético. O gasto de O2 associado à síntese de ureia é maior do que o gasto de O2 relacionado à neoglicogênese. O aumento da carga hepática de alanina ou de arginina não alterou o gasto de O2 por este órgão. Ainda, não foi possível comparar os aminoácidos em estudo, visto que a infusão de arginina não alterou nenhuma das variáveis observadas.
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Non-Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Venography using Magnetization-Prepared Rapid Gradient-Echo in the Preoperative Evaluation of Living Liver Donor Candidates: Comparison with Conventional Computed Tomography Venography / MPRAGE法を用いた非造影MR Venographyによる生体肝移植ドナー候補者の術前評価:従来法であるCT Venographyとの比較Yamashita, Rikiya 23 May 2017 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第20564号 / 医博第4249号 / 新制||医||1022(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 増永 慎一郎, 教授 妹尾 浩, 教授 鈴木 実 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
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Ultra-sonografia convencional e com Doppler colorido no diagnóstico de estenose da veia porta e da veia hepática em crianças submetidas a transplante hepático segmentar / Portal and Hepatic venous stenoses after pediatric segmental liver transplantation: the role of real time and Doppler ultrasoundSuzuki, Lisa 10 May 2006 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Nos pacientes pediátricos, em razão das limitações relacionadas ao tamanho dos receptores, são utilizados segmentos do fígado provenientes de \"cadáver\" ou de doador vivo (\"fígado reduzido\"). As complicações decorrentes das anastomoses cirúrgicas podem ser de natureza vascular e biliar, sendo que a maior causa de perda do enxerto deve-se à trombose ou estenose da artéria hepática, veia porta e veias hepáticas. A ultra-sonografia convencional e com Doppler colorido (US-DC) pode ser utilizada para avaliação dessas complicações. Todavia, apesar da alta sensibilidade e especificidade deste método, há poucas descrições a respeito de parâmetros que podem ser utilizados para o estudo das alterações vasculares. OBJETIVO: Estabelecer parâmetros de ultra-sonografia convencional e com Doppler colorido (US-DC) para o diagnóstico de estenose da VP e VH no transplante hepático reduzido em crianças. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de 134 US-DC realizado em 48 crianças submetidas a transplante hepático segmentar no Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (ICr-HC-FMUSP), entre janeiro de 2002 e julho de 2005. No estudo da VP, os seguintes parâmetros foram analisados: calibre da VP na anastomose; velocidade máxima na anastomose (VP1); velocidade máxima no segmento pré-anastomose (VP2) e relação entre as velocidades máximas na anastomose/préanastomose (VP1/VP2). No estudo da VH, foram analisados: velocidade máxima na anastomose (VH1); velocidade na VH (VH2) e relação entre as velocidades máximas na anastomose/VH (VH1/VH2). Pacientes com estenose confirmada pela angiografia foram incluídos no grupo estenose e pacientes com angiografia ou cirurgia normal ou com boa evolução clínica foram incluídos grupo controle. RESULTADOS: Quatorze US-DC tiveram estenose da VP confirmadas pela portografia. O calibre da VP na anastomose foi menor no grupo estenose do que no grupo controle (média 2,5mm e 6,3mm respectivamente); PV1 e PV1/PV2 foram maiores no grupo estenose do que no grupo controle (média PV1 = 172cm/s, PV1/PV2 = 5,1 / PV1 = 83cm/s, PV1/PV2 = 1,8 respectivamente). O calibre da VP < 3,3mm apresentou a melhor correlação com a portografia (sensibilidade = 93% e especificidade = 88%), seguidos de VP1 > 128cm/s (sensibilidade = 86% e especificidade = 84%) e VP1/VP2 > 2,4 (sensibilidade = 79% e especificidade = 86%). Doze US-DC tiveram estenose da VH confirmada pela angiografia. A VH1 e HV1/VH2 foram maiores no grupo estenose do que no grupo controle (média VH1 = 202.2cm/s, VH1/VH2 = 6,0 / VH1 = 136,8cm/s, VH1/VH2 = 3,0 respectivamente). A relação VH1/VH2 > 4 apresentou a melhor correlação com a angiografia (sensibilidade = 83% e especificidade = 84%) seguido de VH1 > 128cm/s (sensibilidade = 83% e especificidade = 52%). CONCLUSÃO: Calibre da VP < 3,3mm na anastomose e relação das velocidades VH1/VH2 > 4 são altamente sensíveis e específicos no diagnóstico das estenoses da anastomose da VP e VH respectivamente, no póstransplante hepático em crianças / INTRODUCTION: Cadáveric split liver and living donor liver transplantation is mostly performed in children because of a shortage of suitable hepatic allograft in this population. Real time and Doppler ultrasound (CD-US) is the initial imaging modality for detection and follow-up of early and delayed vascular and non-vascular complications after liver transplant, but there are only few studies concerning its value in the diagnosis of venous complications. OBJECTIVE: Determine real time and Doppler ultrasound (CD-US) diagnostic parameters of portal (PV) and hepatic vein (HV) stenoses after segmental liver transplantation in children and assess their sensitivity and specificity. METHOD: Retrospective study of 134 CD-US performed in 48 patients submitted to segmental liver transplantation at Child Institute of University of Sao Paulo Medical School from January 2002 through July 2005. PV parameters: diameter at the anastomosis, velocities at the anastomosis (PV1) and at the pre-anastomosis segments (PV2) and the ratio PV1/PV2. HV parameters: velocities at the HV anastomosis to the inferior vena cava (HV1), at HV (HV2) and the ratio HV1/HV2. Stenosis group: patients with stenosis confirmed by angiography. Control group: patients presenting normal angiography or uneventhfull surgery or good clinical outcome. RESULTS: Fourteen CD-US had PV stenosis confirmed by portography. Diameter of PV at the anastomosis: narrower in the stenosis group (2.5mm) than in the control group (6.3mm) (p<.5). Mean PV1 and PV1/PV2: higher in the stenosis group than in the control group (PV1 = 172 cm/s, PV1/PV2 = 5.1/PV1 = 83cm/s, PV1/PV2 = 1.8). Statistical analysis determined as predictive of PV stenosis: PV diameter < 3.3mm (sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 88.4%); PV1 > 128cm/s (sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 84%) and PV1/PV2 > 2.4 (sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 86%). Twelve CD-US had HV stenosis confirmed by angiography. Mean HV1 and HV1/HV2: higher in the study group (HV1 = 202.2cm/s, HV1/HV2 = 6.0 / HV1 = 136.8cm/s, HV1/HV2 = 3.0) (p<.05). Statistical analysis determined as predictive of HV stenosis: PV1 > 128cm/s (sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 52%) and HV1/HV2 > 4 (sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 84%). CONCLUSION: PV diameter < 3.3mm at the anastomosis and HV1/HV2 > 4.0 are highly predictive for detection of PV and HV stenosis respectively, after pediatric segmental liver transplantation
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Ultra-sonografia convencional e com Doppler colorido no diagnóstico de estenose da veia porta e da veia hepática em crianças submetidas a transplante hepático segmentar / Portal and Hepatic venous stenoses after pediatric segmental liver transplantation: the role of real time and Doppler ultrasoundLisa Suzuki 10 May 2006 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Nos pacientes pediátricos, em razão das limitações relacionadas ao tamanho dos receptores, são utilizados segmentos do fígado provenientes de \"cadáver\" ou de doador vivo (\"fígado reduzido\"). As complicações decorrentes das anastomoses cirúrgicas podem ser de natureza vascular e biliar, sendo que a maior causa de perda do enxerto deve-se à trombose ou estenose da artéria hepática, veia porta e veias hepáticas. A ultra-sonografia convencional e com Doppler colorido (US-DC) pode ser utilizada para avaliação dessas complicações. Todavia, apesar da alta sensibilidade e especificidade deste método, há poucas descrições a respeito de parâmetros que podem ser utilizados para o estudo das alterações vasculares. OBJETIVO: Estabelecer parâmetros de ultra-sonografia convencional e com Doppler colorido (US-DC) para o diagnóstico de estenose da VP e VH no transplante hepático reduzido em crianças. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de 134 US-DC realizado em 48 crianças submetidas a transplante hepático segmentar no Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (ICr-HC-FMUSP), entre janeiro de 2002 e julho de 2005. No estudo da VP, os seguintes parâmetros foram analisados: calibre da VP na anastomose; velocidade máxima na anastomose (VP1); velocidade máxima no segmento pré-anastomose (VP2) e relação entre as velocidades máximas na anastomose/préanastomose (VP1/VP2). No estudo da VH, foram analisados: velocidade máxima na anastomose (VH1); velocidade na VH (VH2) e relação entre as velocidades máximas na anastomose/VH (VH1/VH2). Pacientes com estenose confirmada pela angiografia foram incluídos no grupo estenose e pacientes com angiografia ou cirurgia normal ou com boa evolução clínica foram incluídos grupo controle. RESULTADOS: Quatorze US-DC tiveram estenose da VP confirmadas pela portografia. O calibre da VP na anastomose foi menor no grupo estenose do que no grupo controle (média 2,5mm e 6,3mm respectivamente); PV1 e PV1/PV2 foram maiores no grupo estenose do que no grupo controle (média PV1 = 172cm/s, PV1/PV2 = 5,1 / PV1 = 83cm/s, PV1/PV2 = 1,8 respectivamente). O calibre da VP < 3,3mm apresentou a melhor correlação com a portografia (sensibilidade = 93% e especificidade = 88%), seguidos de VP1 > 128cm/s (sensibilidade = 86% e especificidade = 84%) e VP1/VP2 > 2,4 (sensibilidade = 79% e especificidade = 86%). Doze US-DC tiveram estenose da VH confirmada pela angiografia. A VH1 e HV1/VH2 foram maiores no grupo estenose do que no grupo controle (média VH1 = 202.2cm/s, VH1/VH2 = 6,0 / VH1 = 136,8cm/s, VH1/VH2 = 3,0 respectivamente). A relação VH1/VH2 > 4 apresentou a melhor correlação com a angiografia (sensibilidade = 83% e especificidade = 84%) seguido de VH1 > 128cm/s (sensibilidade = 83% e especificidade = 52%). CONCLUSÃO: Calibre da VP < 3,3mm na anastomose e relação das velocidades VH1/VH2 > 4 são altamente sensíveis e específicos no diagnóstico das estenoses da anastomose da VP e VH respectivamente, no póstransplante hepático em crianças / INTRODUCTION: Cadáveric split liver and living donor liver transplantation is mostly performed in children because of a shortage of suitable hepatic allograft in this population. Real time and Doppler ultrasound (CD-US) is the initial imaging modality for detection and follow-up of early and delayed vascular and non-vascular complications after liver transplant, but there are only few studies concerning its value in the diagnosis of venous complications. OBJECTIVE: Determine real time and Doppler ultrasound (CD-US) diagnostic parameters of portal (PV) and hepatic vein (HV) stenoses after segmental liver transplantation in children and assess their sensitivity and specificity. METHOD: Retrospective study of 134 CD-US performed in 48 patients submitted to segmental liver transplantation at Child Institute of University of Sao Paulo Medical School from January 2002 through July 2005. PV parameters: diameter at the anastomosis, velocities at the anastomosis (PV1) and at the pre-anastomosis segments (PV2) and the ratio PV1/PV2. HV parameters: velocities at the HV anastomosis to the inferior vena cava (HV1), at HV (HV2) and the ratio HV1/HV2. Stenosis group: patients with stenosis confirmed by angiography. Control group: patients presenting normal angiography or uneventhfull surgery or good clinical outcome. RESULTS: Fourteen CD-US had PV stenosis confirmed by portography. Diameter of PV at the anastomosis: narrower in the stenosis group (2.5mm) than in the control group (6.3mm) (p<.5). Mean PV1 and PV1/PV2: higher in the stenosis group than in the control group (PV1 = 172 cm/s, PV1/PV2 = 5.1/PV1 = 83cm/s, PV1/PV2 = 1.8). Statistical analysis determined as predictive of PV stenosis: PV diameter < 3.3mm (sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 88.4%); PV1 > 128cm/s (sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 84%) and PV1/PV2 > 2.4 (sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 86%). Twelve CD-US had HV stenosis confirmed by angiography. Mean HV1 and HV1/HV2: higher in the study group (HV1 = 202.2cm/s, HV1/HV2 = 6.0 / HV1 = 136.8cm/s, HV1/HV2 = 3.0) (p<.05). Statistical analysis determined as predictive of HV stenosis: PV1 > 128cm/s (sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 52%) and HV1/HV2 > 4 (sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 84%). CONCLUSION: PV diameter < 3.3mm at the anastomosis and HV1/HV2 > 4.0 are highly predictive for detection of PV and HV stenosis respectively, after pediatric segmental liver transplantation
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Faisabilité de l'écho-Doppler de la veine hépatique dans un département d’urgenceOmakinda Luhaka, Rémy 03 1900 (has links)
Au sein des unités de médecine d'urgence, l'état de choc est une condition courante et par le fait même, une cause majeure de mortalité en Amérique du nord. Il est donc essentiel d'en rechercher rapidement les causes.
Dans cette recherche, l'évaluation clinique, l'examen des signes vitaux et les tests de laboratoire se révèlent souvent imprécis car ils ne permettent pas d'évaluer de façon optimale le statut hémodynamique des patients instables. Or, le risque d'une évaluation insuffisante de l’état hémodynamique conduit à l'instauration d'un traitement inapproprié dont la conséquence peut être fatale. Une simple surestimation du besoin de remplissage vasculaire peut entraîner des complications telles que l'œdème pulmonaire et inversement, la sous-estimation peut avoir pour conséquence une hypovolémie persistante avec une hypoperfusion ou un état de choc non reconnu susceptible de générer une insuffisance des organes cibles.
Actuellement, pour évaluer le statut hémodynamique, les méthodes les plus utilisées sont la pression veineuse centrale (PVC), les cathéters de Swan-Ganz et l’échocardiographie transoesophagienne. Bien que déjà difficiles à réaliser à l’urgence, toutes ces méthodes sont invasives et conservent un potentiel élevé de morbidité.
Il existe toutefois des méthodes alternatives valides qui permettent d'obtenir une estimation non invasive de la pression moyenne de l'oreillette droite, entre autre l’échographie sous-costale avec les mesures échographiques de la collapsibilité de la veine cave inférieure (VCI) et les mesures de Doppler échographiques sur la veine hépatique (VH). Il convient cependant de noter que la mesure de la collapsibilité de la VCI n’a pas réussi à devenir un standard d’évaluation de la volémie parce qu’elle reste sujette à plusieurs facteurs confondants.
La mesure du flot de la VH, quant à elle, semble être une option plus intéressante pour mieux évaluer la pression de remplissage de l’oreillette droite. En effet, l'échographie Doppler de la veine hépatique reste donc un instrument potentiellement prometteur qui peut bien refléter les pressions de l’OD et donc de la pression veineuse centrale.
Il importe de souligner que pour le patient instable, chaque minute est précieuse et qu’un gain de temps inestimable contribue à éliminer les facteurs susceptibles de compromettre le pronostic vital.
L’objectif principal de notre étude, étant la mesure du temps nécessaire pour l’acquisition d’images ; nous avons comparé la durée de l'acquisition d'images entre l'échographie de la VCI et le Doppler de la VH chez des sujets sains. Le temps moyen d'acquisition d'images de la VCI était de 89,1 secondes et de 117,8 pour la VH. La différence de la moyenne de temps était de 28,6 secondes (IC95% -73,2 · +15,8 ; t=1.33, 24 dl ; p=0.196). La différence de délai pour le temps d’acquisition d’images était inférieure à 30 secondes. En pratique, nous pensons que cette différence peut être considérée comme cliniquement acceptable pour une prise de décision rapide.
En ce qui concerne le taux d’échec entre les deux techniques, nous n’avons pas trouvé de différence significative : 1 échec pour la VCI et 5 échecs pour la VH avec une différence de 13% (0.133), p=0.09 ; alors que le taux de réussite est le même, soit 25 pour chacune.
L’évaluation de la veine hépatique par échographie était faisable, simple et rapide dans la majorité des volontaires sélectionnés dans notre étude.
Mots-clés : échographie Doppler, veine cave inférieure, veines hépatiques, état de choc, statut hémodynamique. / Shock is a common condition and a major cause of death in emergency units. Clinical evaluation, vital signs and laboratory tests can lack specificity to identify the cause of shock and do not allow an optimal evaluation of the hemodynamic status of unstable patients. A poor evaluation of the hemodynamic state could lead to inappropriate treatment and the consequence may be fatal. Overestimation of the need for vascular filling can lead to complications such as pulmonary edema; while underestimation may give rise to persistent hypovolemia with hypoperfusion or unrecognized shock resulting in multi-organ failure.
The current methods used to assess hemodynamic status are central venous pressure, Swan-Ganz catheters, and trans-esophageal echocardiography. Although already difficult to perform in the emergency department, all of these methods are invasive and retain a high potential for morbidity. However, there are valid alternative methods for obtaining a non-invasive estimate of the average pressure of the right atrium, including subxiphoid ultrasound with measurements of the inferior vena cava (IVC) collapsibility and ultrasound Doppler measurements of the hepatic veins (HV). However, the measurement of the collapsibility of the IVC is subject to several confounding factors and has failed to become a standard of care for evaluating patients’ volemic status. Measuring the flow of the hepatic vein, on the other hand, seems to be a more interesting option for better assessing the filling pressure of the right atrium. Indeed, the Doppler ultrasound of hepatic veins remains a potentially promising instrument that may well reflect the pressures of the right atrium and thus of the central venous pressure. It is important to emphasize that for the unstable patient, every minute is precious and that saving time contributes to eliminate factors likely to compromise the vital prognosis.
The main objective of our study is to measure the time it takes to acquire images. We compared the duration of image acquisition between IVC ultrasound and HV Doppler in healthy volunteers. The average image acquisition time for the IVC and HV was 89.1 and 117.8 seconds respectively. The difference in mean time was 28.6 seconds (95% CI -73.2 · + 15.8, t = 1.33, 24 dL, p = 0.196). The difference for image acquisition time was less than 30 seconds. In practice, we believe that this difference can be considered clinically acceptable for rapid decision-making.
Regarding the failure rate between the two techniques, we did not find any significant difference: 1 failure for IVC and 5 failures for HV with a difference of 13% (0.133), p = 0.09; while the success rate is the same, 25 for each.
The evaluation of the hepatic vein by ultrasonography was feasible, simple and fast in the majority of volunteers selected in our study.
Key words: Doppler ultrasonography, inferior vena cava, hepatic veins, shock, hemodynamic status
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