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This paper provides a historical analysis of the desegregation of George Washington High School and Langston High School in Danville, Virginia in 1970. The author focuses on the related desegregation litigation on a national, state, and local level as well as the historical context for desegregation in the Commonwealth of Virginia. In August of 1970, Danville, Virginia embarked on a new era in education as its schools would be totally desegregated. It would no longer operate under the freedom of choice plan that had been in effect since 1965 and permitted African-American parents to send their children to the all-white schools. The school system was to be fully integrated and operating as a unitary system. Using newspaper accounts, correspondence from key figures, and interviews with key people in Danville in 1970, the author addresses four areas of research: (a) What led to the desegregation of schools in Danville, Virginia? (b) Who were the key players in the desegregation movement? (c) How were the community, the students, and the staff prepared for desegregation? and (d) What were the attitudes and the concerns about desegregation? The data was collected and analyzed using qualitative methodology. The constant-comparative method espoused by Maykut and Morehouse was used to analyze the data and Bronfenbrenner's concept of the "nested environment" was the theoetical model used to organize the data. / Ed. D.

This thesis is about learning from architecture, it is about teaching design at an early age, and how light and space speak about architecture. It is about teaching design and architecture at the high school level, and the ideas, metaphors and sources of inspirations used to achieve this. Design students require a sense of the sublime, the ability to respond to art and architecture, and challenge to aspire to greatness. Schools of design must teach about nature, the metaphysical and the fragility of mankind, moving away from prior schools of thought including "form follows function" and replacing the traditional teaching of architecture with a more inclusive approach.One way to develop thought processes that lead to inclusivity is through the metaphor. Metaphors are the foundation of the imagination. Strongly developed metaphorical channels are essential to any designer. They offer opportunities to contemplate a proposed work in another light. They inspire the designer to probe new sets of questions and develop new ideas and interpretations. Several metaphors formed the basis of this thesis, "Learning as Light," "A new light every dawn," and "Education by Design," which proposes that twenty?first century design educators rely more greatly on the use of metaphors in their teaching curriculum. Above all, the search for the metaphysical "soul of the building" is and will continue to be the most integral element in the teaching of design and architecture. Art, architecture and archeology are essential elements to a robust design education, for they provide the context for the history, challenges and changes of the field. This thesis proposes a Design and Architecture High School in downtown Washington, a design developed through careful consideration of the elements essential to the transfer of knowledge. / Master of Architecture

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / A high school administrator writes a history of a Boston urban high school of 1000 students. The educational history looks back through 50 years of neighborhood changes, civil rights, school desegregation, busing, bilingual and special education legislation, standards-based reform, and school restructuring. In 1950, Dilmotte High School was an acceptable secondary school; in 2000, the school was on the critical list with the Department ofEducation with low MCAS scores (the state-wide exit test) and the highest dropout rate of any large comprehensive high school in the Commonwealth. The history is reconstructed from document and record searches, alumni surveys, and interviews; the author was a participant-observer in the school for the last 5 years. The history traces six major themes: 1. School demography - changes in enrollments of various racial and ethnic groups, bilingual and special education students, and the struggle for equal education. 2. Buildings and budgets- facilities conditions, improvements, 3. Teaching and learning - including teaching, curriculum, tracking, ability grouping, mainstreaming and inclusion, vocational education, standards, dropout rates, and graduation rates 4. Leadership- changes in educational administration, leadership style, responsibilities and size of the administrative team; professional development, impact of central administration, superintendent, school committee, and state department of education. 5. Partnerships - the evolving nature of partnerships; how partnerships shaped the agenda of the school; government school relationships; parent school relationships. 6. School Culture- changes in school climate, character, ethos, and culture. Analysis is based in part on the conceptual frameworks of Michael Fullan, Karen Seashore Louis and Matthew Miles, and Frederick Hess. Conclusions address the paucity of educational history, the failure to learn from history, changes in educational administration at the secondary school level, the growing engagement of school partners, the value of teamwork and teacher leadership, policy chum, conflicting educational objectives, and the failure of professional development. Effects on school climate and culture are addressed; Dilmotte never reached a culture of achievement. The failure to define core values in education is targeted as a fundamental problem. / 2999-01-01

The secondary teaching profession in Brazil is compared with the secondary teaching profession in the United States. The role of the secondary teaching profession is influenced by cultural values and beliefs, as well as by social and economic conditions. Similarities and differences in the role and preparation of secondary teachers in Brazil and the United States are identified and related to the historical and cultural contexts in which they have developed. The role of the secondary teaching professions in these two cultures is examined through the analysis of two types of data. Historical trends and cultural processes which have influenced the development of the secondary teaching professions are identified through a comparison of information obtained from the education literature. A second body of data consisted of information about professional status and job satisfaction collected through questionnaires distributed to secondary teachers in Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro and Tucson, Arizona. Qualitative as well as quantitative techniques were used to analyze these data, so that cultural values and beliefs could be identified along with statistically significant differences in the teachers' responses. When historical and cultural factors affecting secondary education were examined, five major patterns were identified. These patterns were related to the role of the Catholic church in education, the social function of education, centralization of the educational system, the social and political organizations shaping secondary education, and funding for education. Questionnaire responses indicated that low pay was the most important factor affecting job satisfaction for both Brazilian and American secondary teachers. There were significant differences, however, in the social rankings of education related professions in the two countries. Brazilian teachers ranked the professions of University professor and elementary teachers significantly lower than did the American teachers. American teachers ranked the profession of school principal significantly lower than did the Brazilian teachers. The two groups of teachers shared similar feelings about the effects of factors such as national politics and parental cooperation on their professions.