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"Desire and Hope" is three short animations. The main concept in these three animations is human desires; the goal in each animation was to explore a ways to tell this concept by adding some level of ambiguity, so viewers can watch it through their own vision. / Master of Fine Arts

<p dir="ltr">Hope and optimism are associated with many positive life outcomes, including better physical functioning (Cherry et al., 2017), less psychological dysfunction (Shanahan et al., 2021), and general well-being and better academic achievement in college students (Rand et al., 2020). College students in particular are known to struggle with a variety of issues and could benefit from increased hope and optimism. Interventions have been developed to increase hope and optimism, but these have largely been delivered in person. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering hope and optimism interventions in an online format to college students. There was mixed evidence of feasibility, but results did suggest online hope and optimism interventions are acceptable to college students. Although 94.3% of participants were retained, only 23% of participants met the active engagement word count requirement across conditions, and only 52.2% of participants adhered to intervention instructions in the hope condition. Acceptability was met across conditions with most participants reporting engagement (89.6%), vividly imagining their scenario (94.3%), thinking carefully about the prompt (95.4%), and putting effort into the task (93.1%). Examining the preliminary efficacy of these interventions showed no differential changes in state measures across conditions, although there were overall changes for hope and optimism across all conditions. Thus, it may be useful to examine these findings further in a fully powered study to determine the efficacy of these interventions.</p>

Tyrimo tikslas - ištirti vilties didinimo (pagal Herth, 2001) ir savitarpio pagalbos grupių efektyvumą slaugytojų imtyje didinant vilties išgyvenimą. Tyrime dalyvavo 158 Marijampolės miesto ligoninės, Kauno Onkologinės ir Kauno Respublikinės ligoninių slaugytojos turinčios tiesioginį kontaktą su pacientais. Nubyrėjimas iš vilties didinimo (pagal Herth, 2001) intervencijos grupių sudaro 25%, iš vilties didinimo (pagal Herth, 2001) lyginamosios grupės 40%. Savitarpio pagalbos poveikio grupės 46,1%, o lyginamosios grupės 28,5%. Bendras nubyrėjimas siekė 44%. Viena tiriamųjų grupė dalyvavo penkiuose 1,5 valandos trukmės užsiėmimuose parengtuose pagal K.Herth (2001) vilties įkvėpimo programą. Kita tiriamųjų grupė dalyvavo penkiuose savitarpio pagalbos užsiėmimuose. Kiekvienai poveikio grupei buvo sudaryta ir apklausta lyginamoji grupė. Užsiėmimų metu buvo orientuojamasi į slaugytojų vilties išgyvenimą siekiant jį sustiprinti. Matavimai atlikti prieš pradedant užsiėmimų ciklą ir jam pasibaigus. Taip pat vilties didinimo (pagal Herth, 2001) poveikio grupėje atliktas papildomas matavimas po 2 mėnesių po poveikio. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad slaugytojų vilties išgyvenimas iškart po vilties didinimo intervencijos (pagal Herth, 2001) yra didesnis nei prieš ją. Taip pat atsiskleidė kelios statistinio patikimumo tendencijos, rodančios, kad: iškart po vilties didinimo intervencijos slaugytojai dažniau naudoja dvasingumu grįstą strategiją; iškart po savitarpio pagalbos grupės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Main aim of research is to investigate hope inspiration (according Hearth, 2001) and self help groups efficacy in health care nurses sample In research participated 158 Marijampolė City hospital, Kaunas Oncology and Kaunas Republic hospital health care nurses, which has direct contact with patients. Participants drop out from research is 44%. One group of respondents participated in five 1,5 hour lenght group activities according to K.Herth (2001) hope inspiration program. Other group participated in five self help group activities. Each intervention group has its own comparisment group. The group activities was orientated to increase nurses feeling of hopefulness. Questioning took place before and after group activities. Hope inspiration (according Hearth, 2001) group was measured two month after impact. Results of research shows, that health care nurses feeling of hopefulness after hope inspiration (according Hearth, 2001) intervention was higher than before that. Also there are a few statistic reliability tendencies, that shows that after after Hope inspiration (according Hearth, 2001) intervention nurses tend to use spiritual hope inspiration strategy more often. After self help group nurses tend to use rational hope inspiration strategy more often. Also there are statistical tendencies that shows that health care nurses level of hopefulness increases after self help group more, than after Hope inspiration (according Hearth, 2001) intervention. To establish Hope... [to full text]

This thesis aims to construct a theological understanding of hopelessness, as well as to explore what theological resources could be relevant in confronting and handling hopelessness that is endured due to the current day experience of eco-anxiety. Throughout the study hopelessness is viewed as a personal dysphoric state, as well as an individual's part in a collective response to an unjust system. This is an assumption which differs from traditional theology of hope, as hopelessness becomes not only a personal failing, but also a consequence of a failing society. Further, hope is theorized to be a concept that is available in two different forms labeled as naive hope and complex hope. Naive hope being a hope that is solely a belief, while complex hope is a hope that has further grounds, such as empirical, ontological or rational ones, upon which it stands. As such, the theological resources considered in the study are such that might aid in building a complex hope for those suffering from hopelessness, due to eco-anxiety.  The material being analysed in the study is divided into the four theological themes of “The Cross”, “Holy Saturday”, “Eschatology” and “Apocalypticism”. These themes present different theological concepts that have been viewed as hopeful, or theologies of hope, in some contexts. A literary analysis is conducted on the material presented within these themes, in the search for theological resources relevant to facing and handling hopelessness. The material is not necessarily harmonious and, as such, presents different aspects of each theme that may, or may not, be considered a resource in accordance with the aim and theory of the study. Theological resources for hopelessness found within the material are summarized at the end of each chapter and are collectively contemplated in the discussion of the study. The thesis discussion also consists of an evaluation of the validity in the concepts of naive hope and complex hope as well as the theological concept of hopelessness constructed, in accordance with the findings of the analyses.

The Birds River Gabbro Complex is intruded into sediments of the Karroo Stormberg Group in the area SW of Dordrecht in the northeastern Cape. A geochemical investigation, restricted to the igneous rock suite, gabbro-ferrogabbro-ferrotholeiite, presents new major-element data as well as data for twelve trace elements - Ba, Sr, Rb, Zr, Y, Nb , Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, V and Cr. The strong degree of differentiation of Kokstad-type tholeiitic magma in the Birds River intrusion, as noted by previous investigators, is revealed in variation diagrams in which data are plotted against a simple index of fractionation. Later differentiates are strongly enriched in Si, Ti, Fe, Na, K, P, Ba, Rb, Zr, Y, Nb, Zn and Cu but depleted in Mg, Ca, AI, Ni, Co and Cr. Extreme differentiation resulted in a strong depletion of Ti, Fe, P, Cu and V in the most highly evolved ferrotholeiites. Field evidence suggests the initial emplacement of strongly fractionated magmatic residua derived from fractional crystallization processes in a magma chamber at depth during cauldron subsidence of a mass of sediments within an annular fracture. These porphyritic, in part glassy, ferrotholeiites are enriched in Si, Na, K, Ba, Zr, Rb, Y, Nb and Zn and were engulfed by a later episode of renewed hypabyssal intrusive activity from the original source area. The younger gabbro was emplaced in a series of closely-spaced heaves or pulses of relatively undifferentiated Kokstad-type magma. The gabbro differentiated in place to form ferrogabbros which chemically closely approximate ferrotholeiite compositions. toidal facies. Residual liquids crystallized as a pegmatoidal facies. A simple fractional crystallization path, modelled on the assumption that the gabbro and ferrotholeiite form a continuous series, indicates that the least evolved ferrotholeiite can be derived from the initial gabbro composition by the fractionation of major amounts of plagioclase and pyroxene but lesser amounts of olivine. Crystallization and removal of magnetite and other Fe-oxides were relatively more important during the later stages of differentiation. The variation of major- and trace-elements in tholeiitic Karroo magma under conditions of strong differentiation at Birds River serves as a framework for the regional study of the geochemistry of other Karroo dolerites and volcanics of the north-eastern Cape. New geochemical data are presented for a sample of thirty chilled and coarse-grained Karroo dolerites collected throughout the north eastern Cape. For the most part, the chilled dolerites are relatively undifferentiated and the average composition differs only slightly from that determined by Walker and Poldervaart (1949). Variation diagrams reveal the steady increase in Si, Al, Ca, Na, K and P and the residual trace elements Ba, Zr, Rb, Y, Nb and Zn with increasing differentiation of the dolerites from more basic types. The concentrations of K, Ba and Rb are highly variable in some Karroo dolerites while new data suggest that Nb levels in the dolerites are low, being generally less than 10 ppm. The strong variation of the K-related elements (K, Ba and Rb) as well as the large ranges determined for certain inter-element ratios, such as K/Rb, Zr/Nb and K/Zr in the chilled Karroo dolerites, suggest that factors other than fractional crystallization processes need to be considered to account for individual variations. Little correlation exists between petrographic type as defined by Walker and Poldervaart (1949) and geochemical character. New geochemical data are also presented for ten Karroo basaltic lavas from the lowermost horizons of the lava sequence exposed in the Barkly East area. Major- and trace-element data indicate that these earliest Karroo extrusives are on average enriched in Si and Rb but depleted in Co and Ni when compared with the averaged chilled Karroo dolerite. Compared with basalts from Lesotho, the Barkly East basalts are enriched in Si but depleted in Ni and possibly Nb, Cu and V. The andesite is markedly enriched in Si, Na, K, Ba, Sr, Rb, Zr and Nb but depleted in Mg, Ca, V, Ni , Cu, Co and Cr. The subdued rate of Ni depletion and the absence of olivine as a major phenocryst phase in the series basalt to andesite, in the Barkly East area, suggests that differentiation trends may be controlled by the fractional crystallization of orthopyroxene and plagioclase, the two common phenocrysts present in these volcanics. The strong depletion of V and Cu in the andesite may indicate some magnetite removal during fractional crystallization.

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Includes bibliography. / This dissertation sets up a standardised system for analysing mid-seventeenth to mid- nineteenth century Cape colonial ceramic assemblages and then applies it to a number of Dutch and British historical sites in the south-western Cape region of South Africa in order to trace patterns of change in the availability and use of domestic ceramics in the colony. The system accommodates the wide range of African, Asian and European ceramics used during the period of Dutch East India rule from 1652 to 1795, the following Transitional years when the Cape was governed for short periods by both the British and Dutch governments and the period from 1815 onwards when the Cape became a British Crown Colony. A systematic ceramic classificatory system was required to form a framework for the first stage of a proposed study of the role of Asian porcelain in the Cape during the 17th and 18th centuries. The resulting Cape Classificatory System has five sections. (i) Ware Table, a ware based classification, records ceramics by sherd count and minimum number of vessels, and acts as a check list for Cape colonial sites. (ii) Date Table provides the accepted dates of production and references for all ceramics excavated in the Cape. (iii) Form and Function Table lists excavated ceramics by vessel form within functional categories. (iv) The Site Catalogue accessions and references (where possible) all the ceramics in an assemblage. (v) A catalogue of previously unreferenced Asian market ware (coarse porcelain) excavated from 17th to 19th century colonial sites in the south-western Cape. Thirty ceramic assemblages from Cape colonial sites and four assemblages from shipwrecks in Cape waters were analysed or examined. The Cape Classificatory System was applied in full to the ceramics from four sites: the Granary, a late seventeenth century Dutch East India site; Elsenburg, an elite mid-eighteenth century farmstead; Sea Street, Cape Town, a town midden in use from the last quarter of the eighteenth century to ca. 1830; and a well in Barrack Street, Cape Town, that was open from ca. 1775 till the late nineteenth century. The results clearly demonstrated changes in ceramic availability, usage and discard in the Cape over a two hundred year period, differences in refuse disposal practices and the dependence of the colony on Asian porcelain, including Asian market coarse porcelain, during the late seventeenth century and eighteenth century.

This cross-sectional study extended Snyder's Hope Theory (1991) by analyzing the difference in trait hope levels, pathway thinking, and agency thinking of pre-literate (no prior access to literacy) and non-literate (access to literacy, but little or no prior literacy education) Haitian adults. The data were derived from archival records of 135 students enrolled in Haitian-Kreyol adult literacy classes in Petit-Goave, Haiti. Mann-Whitney U results indicated that there were no significant differences in trait hope, pathway thinking, or agency thinking between the pre-literate and non-literate Haitian adults. Both groups reported average trait hope, average pathway thinking, and low agency thinking. Potential implications for adult literacy program and curriculum developers, evaluators, and teachers are discussed.