This thesis deals with the analysis of the Czech insurance market of cars, where a detailed analysis of the market is devoted to hull insurance.

Transportation is a primary pollution source contributing to 14 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, and 12 percent of transportation emissions came from maritime activities. Emissions from the ferry industry, which carries roughly 2.1 billion passengers and 250 million vehicles annually, is a major concern for the general public due to their near-shore operations. Compared to the rapidly advancing clean automotive propulsion, fuel efficiency and emissions improvements for marine vessels are more urgent and beneficial due to the significantly higher petroleum fuel consumption and heavy pollutants and the relatively slow adoption of clean propulsion technology by the marine industry. Hybrid electric propulsion, proven to be effective for ground vehicles, presents a promising solution for more efficient clean marine transportation. Due to the diversified hull/propulsor design and operation cycle, the development of a hybrid electric marine propulsion system demands model-based design and control optimization for each unique and small batch production vessel. The integrated design and control optimization further require accurate and computation efficient hull resistance and propulsor thrust calculation methods that can be used to predict needed propulsion power and gauge vessel performance, energy efficiency, and emissions. This research focuses on improving the low-order empirical hull resistance and propulsor thrust models in the longitudinal direction by extracting model parameters from one-pass computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and testing the acquired models in integrated design optimization of the marine propulsion system. The model is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and ANSYS Aqwa and validated using operation data from BC Ferries’ ship Tachek. The modified low-order model (M-LOM) is then used in the integrated optimizations of propulsion system component sizes and operation control strategies for another BC Ferries’ ship, Skeena Queen. The performance, energy efficiency, and emissions of various propulsion options, including nature gas-mechanical and natural gas-electric benchmarks, and hybrid electric alternatives of series hybrid, parallel hybrid, and battery/pure electric are compared to demonstrate the benefits of the new method in completing these complex tasks and hybrid electric marine propulsion. The research forms the foundation for further studies to achieve more accurate propulsion demand prediction and a more comprehensive lifecycle cost assessment of clean marine propulsion solutions. / Graduate

This thesis is devoted to the problem of the production of hulls of the gearboxes. The text of this final thesis shows the production technology for single and series production. At the same time, a critical amount of products for a different production options were established.

Diplomová práce se zabývá modifikací stávající pozemní verze letounu EV-55 pro možnost přistání na vodní hladině. Snahou je najít takovou variantu, která nepovede k výrazným konstrukčním zásahům do draku letounu a bude vyhovovat stavebnímu předpisu CS 23, zejména požadavkům týkající se plovatelnosti a stability na vodě. Je proveden hmotový rozbor modifikované verze a s tím související omezení hmotové obálky a rozsahu centráží. Zatížení od vody je spočítáno v souladu s CS 23. Pro toto zatížení je následně navrhnuto konstrukční řešení uchycení plováků k trupu a provedena pevnostní kontrola jednotlivých prvků a spojovacích uzlů. Tyto hodnoty jsou dále porovnány s pozemními případy zatížení a stanoveny součinitele rezerv. V závěru jsou spočítány letové výkony: maximální horizontální rychlost, stoupavost, dolet a vytrvalost.

The primary aim of the thesis was to investigate aluminum as building material for high speed craft, study the hull structure design processes of aluminum high speed craft and develop a parametric model to reduce the modeling time during nite element analysis. An additional aim of the thesis was to study the degree of validity of the idealizations and the assumptions of the semi-empirical design methods by using the parametric model. For the aluminum survey, a large amount of scientic papers and books related to the application of aluminum in shipbuilding industry were re-viewed while for the investigation of hull structure design, several designs of similar craft as well as all the classication rules for high speed craft were examined. The parametric model was developed on Abaqus nite ele-ment analysis software with the help of Python programming language. The study of the idealizations and the assumptions of the semi-empirical design methods was performed on a model derived by the parametric model with scanltings determined by the high speed craft classication rules of ABS. The review on aluminum showed that only specic alloys can be applied on marine applications. It also showed that the eect of reduced mechanical properties due to welding could be decreased by introducing new welding and manufacturing techniques. The study regarding the hull structure de-sign processes indicated that high speed craft are still designed according to semi-empirical classication rules but it also showed that there is ten- dency of transiting on direct calculation methods. The developed paramet-ric model does decrease the modeling time since it is capable of modeling numerous structural arrangements. The analysis related to the idealizations and the assumptions of the semi-empirical design methods revealed that the structural hierarchy idealization and the method of dening boundary by handbook type formulas are applicable for the particular structure while the interaction eect among the structural members is only possible to be studied by detailed modeling techniques.

La propulsion en aviron résulte de la compensation entre la résistance de l’eau sur la coque et l’accroche des pelles dans l’eau. Pour la collecte de brouillard à l’aide de filets, la dynamique de récupération de l’eau résulte des effets de résistance de l’air sur les gouttelettes combinés aux perturbations de l’écoulement au niveau du filet. Dans cette thèse, — centrée sur les interactions fluide/structure — nous avons cherché à optimiser l’efficacité (de la propulsion et de la collecte) du point de vue hydro et aérodynamique. Pour cela, nous nous sommes appuyés sur des expériences modèles (maquettes de bateaux d’aviron, soufflerie à brouillard) permettant de se placer dans des conditions contrôlables en laboratoire et de s’affranchir des biais humain et climatique.Dans la première partie sur l’aviron, nous avons montré quelle était la longueur de rame optimale pour la propulsion. Puis nous nous sommes intéressés à l’effet du déphasage entre les rameurs et avons montré qu’une parfaite synchronisation permet d’obtenir une vitesse maximale. Enfin, nous avons effectué une étude empirique et expérimentale sur les formes (rapport d’aspect et symétrie) de coques optimales. La seconde partie porte sur la collecte d’eau à l’aide de filets à brouillard qui a débuté par une étude de l’impact des gouttes sur une maille (fibre) du filet puis au sein d’un filet complet. Nous avons enfin étudié l’effet de l’élasticité des fibres et du drainage sur la collecte. Cette étude a mis en évidence l’importance des propriétés de mouillage des fibres sur la collecte et la conception des filets. / The rowing propulsion results from the compensation between water resistance on the hull and the attachment of the oars in the water. For fog collection using nets, the dynamics of water harvesting results from the effects of air resistance on the droplets combined with flow disturbances at the net level. In this thesis, - centered on the fluid / structure interactions - we sought to optimize the efficiency (propulsion and collection) from the hydro and aerodynamic point of view. For this, we relied on model experiments (Robot rowing boats, mist wind tunnel) to be placed in controllable laboratory conditions and to overcome human and climatic bias.In the first part on rowing, we showed what was the optimal oars length for propulsion. Then we were interested in the effect of the phase shift between the rowers and showed that a perfect synchronization makes it possible to obtain a maximum speed. Finally, we carried out an empirical and experimental study on the shapes (aspect ratio and symmetry) of optimal hulls. The second part deals with the collection of water using mist nets, which began with a study of the impact of the drops on a mesh (fiber) of the net and then within a complete net. Finally, we studied the effect of fiber elasticity and drainage on collection. This study has highlighted the importance of fiber wetting properties on net collection and design.

The introduction of calculation methods for motion induced interruptions (MII) in 1984 introduced a new way to quantify human factors in addition to the motion sickness index (MSI). The 1990 Graham method for calculating MII uses a combination of a vessel's acceleration and roll to determine a "tipping" factor to calculate MII per minute. The Applebee-Baitis (AB) method considered that the motions are implicitly considered in accelerations, and therefore did not require roll to calculate MII. This thesis examines and analyzes the differences between the AB and Graham methods and compares their results for a unique hull form shape, a cylindrical capsule, in rough seas to determine which method is preferred. Two tests were performed by the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) in post-splashdown conditions. A one-quarter scale model of the CEV was tested at the Aberdeen Test Center in Aberdeen, Maryland. Direct comparison of the analyzed data, MII sensitivity to location, and scaling analyses are examined and future work to further the application of MII calculation methods are proposed. The symmetry of the capsule leads to the assumption that roll and pitch-dominant MII calculations should be on the same order of magnitude. They are not because both MII methods only take roll-motions into account. The inclusion of both pitch and roll motions for the MII calculations is proposed as future work. The Graham method was found to be the more appropriate calculation because it is more conservative, and therefore preferred in the context of crew safety. / Master of Science

Interest rates and foreign exchange spots are widely used within financial products. It is important to understand the risk arising from products that depend on interest rates and/or foreign exchange spots. In this project, the Hull-white model, a non-parametric and a semi-parametric bootstrap will be investigated for simulations of the interest rate of USD, EUR and SEK in conjunction with its corresponding foreign exchange spot. Models were first studied for dollar interest rates and the best model was selected by using variance/autocovariance tests and quantile tests. The chosen model was then used in the simulation of the interest rate in conjunction with the foreign exchange spots. The result from the tests demonstrated that the non-parametric bootstrap model performed the best and was used to simulate the interest rate in conjunction with the foreign exchange spots. The multiple simulations were used to back test a synthetic portfolio using a quantile test. The simulated distribution was found to be acceptable which therefore simulates an acceptable risk. We used data up until 2015 for the tests, this for not including the federal reserve raising the interest rate in the later part of 2015. Avoiding changes in the Fed funds rate was necessary as they are not predictable from sampling from historical data as is done in the model but they do have a very large impact on the shorter end of the curve. The findings in this project suggests that the non-parametric bootstrap model could be used in multiple curve simulations, which could be used for calculations of potential future risk for financial products. This is very important for companies involved with financial products, since strict rules and regulations have to be followed regarding risks within these products.

Topological materials have discovered ultrahigh magnetoresistance, chiral anomalies, the inherent anomalous Hall effect, and unique Fermi arc surface states. Topological materials now include insulators, metals, and semimetals. Weyl semimetals (WSM) are topological materials that show linear dispersion with crossings in their band structure which creates the pair of Weyl nodes of opposite chirality. WSMs have topological Fermi arc surface states connecting opposing chirality Weyl nodes. Spin-orbit coupling can result in the band opening in Dirac nodal rings, and creating the pair of Weyl nodes either by breaking the time-reversal or spatial inversion symmetry (but not both) 1-3. The chirality of a Weyl node is set by the Berry flux through a closed surface in reciprocal space around it. The purpose of this thesis was to characterize and investigate the thermodynamic stability of WSM. To accomplish these goals, quantum mechanical modeling at the level of density functional theory (DFT) was used. WloopPHI, a Python module, integrates the characterization of WSMs into WIEN2k, a full-potential all-electron density functional theory package. It calculates the chirality of the Weyl node (monopole charge) with an enhanced Wilson loop method and Berry phase approach. First, TaAs, a well-characterized Weyl semimetal, validates the code theoretically. We then used the approach to characterize the newly discovered WSM YRh6Ge4, and we found a set of Weyl points into it. Further, we study the stability of the kagome-based materials A3Sn2S2, where A is Co, Rh, or Ru, in the context of the ternary phase diagrams and competing binary compounds using DFT. We demonstrated that Co3Sn2S2 and Rh3Sn2S2 are stable compounds by examining the convex hull and ternary phase diagrams. It is feasible to synthesize Co3Sn2S2 by a chemical reaction between SnS, CoSn and Co9S8. Moreover, Rh3Sn2S2 can be produced by SnS, RhSn and Rh3S4. On the other hand, we found that Ru3Sn2S2 is a thermodynamically unstable material with respect to RuS2, Ru3S7 and Ru. Our work provides some insights for confirming materials using the DFT approach. 1. S. M. Young et al. Dirac Semimetal in Three Dimensions. Physical Review Letters108(14) (2012), 140405. 2. J. Liu and D. Vanderbilt. Weyl semimetals from noncentrosymmetric topological insulators. Physical Review B 90(15) (2014), 155316. 3. H. Weng et al. Weyl Semimetal Phase in Noncentrosymmetric Transition-Metal Monophosphides. Physical Review X 5(1) (2015), 011029. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Texture evolution is a vital component of many computational tools that link structure, properties and processes of polycrystalline materials. By definition, this evolution process involves the manipulation, via rotation, of points in orientation space. The computational requirements of the current methods being used to rotate crystalline orientations are a significant limiting factor in the drive to merge the texture information of materials into the engineering design process. The goal of this research is to find and implement a practical rotation algorithm that can significantly decrease the computation time required to rotate macroscopic and microscopic crystallographic textures. Three possible algorithms are considered in an effort to improve the computational efficiency and speed of the rotation process. The first method, which will be referred to as the Gel'fand method, is based on a paper, [1], that suggests a practical application of some of Gel'fand's theories for rotations [2]. The second method, which will be known as the streamline method, is a variation on the Gel'fand method. The third method will be known as the principal orientation method. In this method, orientations in Fourier space are written as linear combinations of points on the convex surface of the microstructure hull to reduce the number of points that must be rotated during each step in the texture evolution process. This thesis will discuss each of these methods, their strengths and weaknesses, and the accuracy of the computational results obtained from their implementation.