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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Birth defects in epilepsy: role of phenytoin and convulsion

Al-Humayyd, Mohammad Saad Abdulrahman January 1979 (has links)
No description available.
12

The patentability of human genetic material in China : a comparative analysis

Li, Xianghai 08 1900 (has links)
"Mémoire Présenté à la Faculté des Études Supérieures en vue de l'obtention du Grade de Maîtrise En Droit Option Recherche" / The past decade has seen an explosion in the availability of genome sequence data from public and private genome projects. Most notably, the complete human DNA genome sequence has been published and the locations of some of the genes have been mapped to individual chromosomes. Commensurate with the growth in sequence information, the biotechnology industry has become firmly established. Gene patents have played an important part in this industry, and there has been a marked increase in patent applications filed in the field of human genetic resource. However, concerns have been raised over the patentability of human genetic material through public protests and international statements, but to little effect. Discussed here are some of these concerns, the patent office's response to them in different jurisdictions, and ways in which to address these issues and to move the debate forward within current legal structures. / Durant la dernière décennie nous avons assisté à une explosion de données génomiques séquentielles provenant de projets publiques et privés. Le séquence complète du génome humain a été publiée ainsi que la localisation certains gènes a été tracée pour des chromosomes individuels. Avec I'accroissement de I'information séquentielle, l'industrie de la biotechnologie s'est sérieusement établie. Le brevets octroyés en regard des gènes a joué un rôle important dans cette industrie, aussi il y a eu une augmentation dans la demande de brevets dans Ie domaine du matériel génétique humaine. Cependant après plusieurs controverses publiques et la créations de règles internationales certains doutes ont été soulevés à propos de la « brevetabilité »du génome humain, mais impact. II sera question dans notre étude ces inquiétudes, de la réponse a ces inquiétudes par les bureaux des brevets différentes juridictions, ainsi que des divers moyens utilisés pour de ces problèmes tout en avançant le présent débat en utilisant les structures légales existantes.
13

"Variabilidade molecular do cromossomo Y em remanescentes de quilombos do Vale do Ribeira" / Molecular variabilite in Y cromosome in quilombo remnants in Vale do Ribeira

Souza, Lúcia Inês Macedo de 29 August 2003 (has links)
Resumo O Vale do Ribeira é uma área que ocupa cerca de 10% da região sul do estado de São Paulo e abriga pelo menos 25 comunidades remanescentes de quilombos. Dessas, 13 já foram oficialmente reconhecidas ou estão em fase de reconhecimento. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o conhecimento da estrutura populacional e da história da formação desses remanescentes de quilombos, estudamos os indivíduos do sexo masculino de seis comunidades: Abobral Margem Esquerda (48), Galvão (22), São Pedro (22), Pedro Cubas (60), Pilões (15) e Maria Rosa (9), além de uma amostra de 81 homens da cidade de São Paulo, em relação a quatro locos polimórficos do cromossomo Y: dois microssatélites (DYS19 e DYS390), um SNP (DYS199) e uma inserção de Alu (DYS287). Os genótipos foram identificados por meio da amplificação do DNA pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), seguida de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Um quinto marcador foi estudado, um SNP (M168), apenas em alguns indivíduos selecionados. Nesse caso os genótipos foram identificados por seqüenciamento direto do DNA. As freqüências alélicas no DYS19 e DYS390 indicaram que nas populações por nós estudadas há uma importante contribuição patrilinear portuguesa. O SNP DYS199, por possuir um alelo-específico de ameríndios, o alelo T, indicou uma baixa contribuição patrilinear ameríndia entre as comunidades de quilombo. Essa contribuição foi detectada somente na população de Pedro Cubas. A inserção de Alu YAP (DYS287), por ser muito freqüente entre africanos, é um bom indicador de contribuição paterna africana. No entanto, nem todos os africanos a possuem. Por essa razão o marcador M168 veio completar a informação em relação à origem africana do cromossomo Y. Esses marcadores moleculares indicaram uma contribuição masculina provavelmente africana nos quilombos, em freqüências que variaram de 11 a 55%. Somente em Pedro Cubas, a freqüência de cromossomos Y de origem africana superou a freqüência de cromossomos Y de origem européia. Em Abobral, a freqüência de cromossomo Y provavelmente africano chegou a aproximadamente 40%, revelando serem essas duas populações as mais africanas do ponto de vista do cromossomo Y. O total das populações de quilombo apresentou índice de diversidade genética haplotípica equivalente ao da amostra de São Paulo, provavelmente devido à diversidade das populações africanas que as constituíram ou à mistura com populações de outros grupos étnicos. Entre as comunidades de quilombo, Galvão foi a que apresentou menor índice de diversidade, indicando que nessa comunidade o efeito do fundador foi o mais notável. O haplótipo mais freqüentemente observado em Galvão tem provável origem européia. Quando observamos o dendrograma que reúne as populações quilombolas, a população de São Paulo e outras populações da literatura, os quilombos de Galvão, São Pedro e Abobral mostraram-se mais próximos das populações africanas do que das demais populações da literatura. Dentre os remanescentes de quilombos, Pedro Cubas é a única com afinidade com os ameríndios. Pilões e Maria Rosa ficaram mais próximas de São Paulo, bem como de brasileiros brancos e portugueses, indicando maior contribuição européia. / Abstract At least 25 quilombos remnants are supposed to exist in the Vale do Ribeira region, located in the southern part of São Paulo State. Thirteen of those quilombo remnants have already been identified and officially recognized. In order to understand the structure and history of the foundation of these quilombo remnants, we studied male individuals belonging to six populations: Abobral Left Margin (48 individuals), Galvão (22), São Pedro (22), Pedro Cubas (60), Pilões (15) and Maria Rosa (9), in addition to 81 individuals sampled from the city of São Paulo, for four Y chromosome polymorphic loci: two microsatellite loci (DYS19 and DYS390), one SNP (DYS199) and one Alu insertion (YAP). The genotypes were identified by DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. A fifth locus was also analysed, by a different SNP (M168), but only in a few individuals. In this analysis DNA direct sequencing was employed. The allelic frequencies in the locus DYS19 indicated significant male Portuguese contribution in the quilombos. The Amerindian specific allele (T) of the DYS199 locus indicated little or no contribution from Amerindian males, except the population of Pedro Cubas. The Alu insertion (YAP or DYS287), frequent in Africans, is a good indicator of African ancestry, although not all Africans show it. Thus, the analysis of the M168 locus helped to determine the origin of Y chromosomes. These markers indicated a range from 11 to 55% of probable African contribution in the quilombos. Only in Pedro Cubas the frequency of African Y chromosomes was higher than the one European Y chromosomes. In Abobral, the frequency of African Y chromosomes was approximately 40%, being the most African of the quilombo populations, when Y chromosomes are considered. The total haplotype diversity in the quilombos was similar to the one observed for the sample from São Paulo, probably due to the diversity of African populatons that originated the quilombos, or the admixture with other ethnic groups. Galvão showed the lowest diversity, indicating that this population was the most influenced by founder effects. In the neighbor-joining tree built with allelic frequencies obtained in the quilombos, São Paulo and other populations previously reported, the quilombos of Galvão, São Pedro and Abobral were closer to the African populations and Pedro Cubas is the only one close to Amerindians. Pilões and Maria Rosa were closer to São Paulo, white Brazilians and Portuguese populations, indicating European contribution.
14

The patentability of human genetic material in China : a comparative analysis

Li, Xianghai 08 1900 (has links)
The past decade has seen an explosion in the availability of genome sequence data from public and private genome projects. Most notably, the complete human DNA genome sequence has been published and the locations of some of the genes have been mapped to individual chromosomes. Commensurate with the growth in sequence information, the biotechnology industry has become firmly established. Gene patents have played an important part in this industry, and there has been a marked increase in patent applications filed in the field of human genetic resource. However, concerns have been raised over the patentability of human genetic material through public protests and international statements, but to little effect. Discussed here are some of these concerns, the patent office's response to them in different jurisdictions, and ways in which to address these issues and to move the debate forward within current legal structures. / Durant la dernière décennie nous avons assisté à une explosion de données génomiques séquentielles provenant de projets publiques et privés. Le séquence complète du génome humain a été publiée ainsi que la localisation certains gènes a été tracée pour des chromosomes individuels. Avec I'accroissement de I'information séquentielle, l'industrie de la biotechnologie s'est sérieusement établie. Le brevets octroyés en regard des gènes a joué un rôle important dans cette industrie, aussi il y a eu une augmentation dans la demande de brevets dans Ie domaine du matériel génétique humaine. Cependant après plusieurs controverses publiques et la créations de règles internationales certains doutes ont été soulevés à propos de la « brevetabilité »du génome humain, mais impact. II sera question dans notre étude ces inquiétudes, de la réponse a ces inquiétudes par les bureaux des brevets différentes juridictions, ainsi que des divers moyens utilisés pour de ces problèmes tout en avançant le présent débat en utilisant les structures légales existantes. / "Mémoire Présenté à la Faculté des Études Supérieures en vue de l'obtention du Grade de Maîtrise En Droit Option Recherche"
15

Genomic variation of human papillomavirus type 16 in relation to risk for high grade cervical and anal intraepithelial neoplasia /

Xi, Long Fu. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [79]-87).
16

Surgical fetal intervention assessing the current practices of genetic counselors /

Melley, Caitlin. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Brandeis University, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on August 9, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.
17

Zur Reformbedürftigkeit des Embryonenschutzgesetzes eine medizinisch-ethisch-rechtliche Analyse anhand moderner Fortpflanzungstechniken

Beitz, Ulrike January 2008 (has links)
Zugl.: Halle (Saale), Univ., Diss., 2008
18

"Variabilidade molecular do cromossomo Y em remanescentes de quilombos do Vale do Ribeira" / Molecular variabilite in Y cromosome in quilombo remnants in Vale do Ribeira

Lúcia Inês Macedo de Souza 29 August 2003 (has links)
Resumo O Vale do Ribeira é uma área que ocupa cerca de 10% da região sul do estado de São Paulo e abriga pelo menos 25 comunidades remanescentes de quilombos. Dessas, 13 já foram oficialmente reconhecidas ou estão em fase de reconhecimento. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o conhecimento da estrutura populacional e da história da formação desses remanescentes de quilombos, estudamos os indivíduos do sexo masculino de seis comunidades: Abobral Margem Esquerda (48), Galvão (22), São Pedro (22), Pedro Cubas (60), Pilões (15) e Maria Rosa (9), além de uma amostra de 81 homens da cidade de São Paulo, em relação a quatro locos polimórficos do cromossomo Y: dois microssatélites (DYS19 e DYS390), um SNP (DYS199) e uma inserção de Alu (DYS287). Os genótipos foram identificados por meio da amplificação do DNA pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), seguida de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Um quinto marcador foi estudado, um SNP (M168), apenas em alguns indivíduos selecionados. Nesse caso os genótipos foram identificados por seqüenciamento direto do DNA. As freqüências alélicas no DYS19 e DYS390 indicaram que nas populações por nós estudadas há uma importante contribuição patrilinear portuguesa. O SNP DYS199, por possuir um alelo-específico de ameríndios, o alelo T, indicou uma baixa contribuição patrilinear ameríndia entre as comunidades de quilombo. Essa contribuição foi detectada somente na população de Pedro Cubas. A inserção de Alu YAP (DYS287), por ser muito freqüente entre africanos, é um bom indicador de contribuição paterna africana. No entanto, nem todos os africanos a possuem. Por essa razão o marcador M168 veio completar a informação em relação à origem africana do cromossomo Y. Esses marcadores moleculares indicaram uma contribuição masculina provavelmente africana nos quilombos, em freqüências que variaram de 11 a 55%. Somente em Pedro Cubas, a freqüência de cromossomos Y de origem africana superou a freqüência de cromossomos Y de origem européia. Em Abobral, a freqüência de cromossomo Y provavelmente africano chegou a aproximadamente 40%, revelando serem essas duas populações as mais africanas do ponto de vista do cromossomo Y. O total das populações de quilombo apresentou índice de diversidade genética haplotípica equivalente ao da amostra de São Paulo, provavelmente devido à diversidade das populações africanas que as constituíram ou à mistura com populações de outros grupos étnicos. Entre as comunidades de quilombo, Galvão foi a que apresentou menor índice de diversidade, indicando que nessa comunidade o efeito do fundador foi o mais notável. O haplótipo mais freqüentemente observado em Galvão tem provável origem européia. Quando observamos o dendrograma que reúne as populações quilombolas, a população de São Paulo e outras populações da literatura, os quilombos de Galvão, São Pedro e Abobral mostraram-se mais próximos das populações africanas do que das demais populações da literatura. Dentre os remanescentes de quilombos, Pedro Cubas é a única com afinidade com os ameríndios. Pilões e Maria Rosa ficaram mais próximas de São Paulo, bem como de brasileiros brancos e portugueses, indicando maior contribuição européia. / Abstract At least 25 quilombos remnants are supposed to exist in the Vale do Ribeira region, located in the southern part of São Paulo State. Thirteen of those quilombo remnants have already been identified and officially recognized. In order to understand the structure and history of the foundation of these quilombo remnants, we studied male individuals belonging to six populations: Abobral Left Margin (48 individuals), Galvão (22), São Pedro (22), Pedro Cubas (60), Pilões (15) and Maria Rosa (9), in addition to 81 individuals sampled from the city of São Paulo, for four Y chromosome polymorphic loci: two microsatellite loci (DYS19 and DYS390), one SNP (DYS199) and one Alu insertion (YAP). The genotypes were identified by DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. A fifth locus was also analysed, by a different SNP (M168), but only in a few individuals. In this analysis DNA direct sequencing was employed. The allelic frequencies in the locus DYS19 indicated significant male Portuguese contribution in the quilombos. The Amerindian specific allele (T) of the DYS199 locus indicated little or no contribution from Amerindian males, except the population of Pedro Cubas. The Alu insertion (YAP or DYS287), frequent in Africans, is a good indicator of African ancestry, although not all Africans show it. Thus, the analysis of the M168 locus helped to determine the origin of Y chromosomes. These markers indicated a range from 11 to 55% of probable African contribution in the quilombos. Only in Pedro Cubas the frequency of African Y chromosomes was higher than the one European Y chromosomes. In Abobral, the frequency of African Y chromosomes was approximately 40%, being the most African of the quilombo populations, when Y chromosomes are considered. The total haplotype diversity in the quilombos was similar to the one observed for the sample from São Paulo, probably due to the diversity of African populatons that originated the quilombos, or the admixture with other ethnic groups. Galvão showed the lowest diversity, indicating that this population was the most influenced by founder effects. In the neighbor-joining tree built with allelic frequencies obtained in the quilombos, São Paulo and other populations previously reported, the quilombos of Galvão, São Pedro and Abobral were closer to the African populations and Pedro Cubas is the only one close to Amerindians. Pilões and Maria Rosa were closer to São Paulo, white Brazilians and Portuguese populations, indicating European contribution.
19

Haplotype Inference from Pedigree Data and Population Data

Li, Xin January 2010 (has links)
No description available.
20

Nkx2.7 is a Novel Regulator of Anterior Ventral Pharyngeal Arch Development

Ford, Caitlin January 2024 (has links)
Craniofacial malformations arise from developmental defects in the head, face, and neck and account for one third of congenital defects at birth. Clinical phenotypes such as DiGeorge Syndrome, the most common microdeletion condition, illustrate a developmental link between cardiovascular and craniofacial morphogenesis. Moreover, recent fate mapping studies in mice and zebrafish support this notion through identification of a multipotent progenitor in the cardiopharyngeal field that gives rise to the heart, branchiomeric muscles, and pharyngeal arch (PA) arteries. NKX2-5 is a key cardiac transcription factor associated with human congenital heart disease and mouse models of Nkx2-5 deficiency highlight critical roles in cardiac development. In zebrafish, nkx2.5 and nkx2.7 are paralogous genes in the NK4 family expressed in cardiomyocytes and PAs. Despite the shared cellular origins of cardiac and craniofacial tissues, the function of NK4 factors in head and neck patterning has not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that Nkx2.7 serves as a previously unappreciated, crucial regulator of craniofacial muscle and cartilage formation. Our studies reveal a unique requirement for nkx2.7 in PA1- and PA2-derived branchiomeric muscle and cartilage elements for which nkx2.5 cannot compensate. Moreover, molecular evolutionary analysis of NK4 genes reveals that nkx2.5 and nkx2.7 are ohnologs resulting from two rounds of vertebrate whole genome duplications with an early split between them, underscoring the concept that these genes play independent roles during development. The distinct mechanistic function of nkx2.7 is elucidated by cell counting experiments that uncover the requirement of nkx2.7 in specification of PA1 and PA2 branchiomeric muscle progenitors. Furthermore, single cell RNA-sequencing performed on microdissected PA tissues from wild-type and nkx2.7-/- embryos identifies decreased expression of the ventral neural crest gene signature essential for cartilage and jaw joint morphogenesis. Together, our studies shed light on an evolutionarily conserved, unique function of Nkx2.7 in vertebrate craniofacial development and have the potential to advance our understanding of the etiologies and therapeutic interventions for patients with congenital deformities of the head and neck.

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