Esta pesquisa propõe um estudo da relação homem/meio, ou sociedade/natureza através da revelação dos arquétipos que influenciam tal relação. A tese buscou verificar se as interpretações que os sujeitos fazem do ambiente (relação homem e natureza) são, em sua base, arquetípicas. Tal tese se constrói baseada no conceito de inconsciente coletivo definido por Carl Gustav Jung. Assim, o trabalho objetivou sondar os arquétipos do inconsciente coletivo que formam as opiniões e interpretações da realidade externa, notadamente na interpretação do ambiente (relação homem/meio) dos moradores de Santa Maria, RS. Buscou-se trazer à superfície as imagens arquetípicas e suas respectivas mitologias que filtram as informações do mundo fenomenológico, do mundo vivido. Isso porque se acredita que, embora a maioria da civilização moderna tenha abandonado ritos e mitos ancestrais, estes continuam vivos no inconsciente humano, se processam e se projetam no ambiente. A pesquisa foi conduzida com aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas e o auxílio de fotografias (entrevista projetiva) da cidade de Santa Maria, RS. Os dezenove entrevistados são moradores da cidade de Santa Maria, RS, têm idade entre 21 e 69 anos, com escolaridade que variou entre ensino médio incompleto e pós-graduação e responderam à seguinte pergunta: como você vê a relação do homem com a natureza nestas imagens? Os entrevistados foram orientados a responder livremente, podendo fazer associações livres ou elaborar um discurso contextual. Também foram orientados a mencionar imagens ou mitos que conhecessem, caso fizessem alguma associação com as fotografias. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada para categorizar os discursos em nove categorias e relacionar os arquétipos correspondentes. A pesquisa empírica resultou no levantamento de quatro arquétipos mitológicos cosmogônicos: Paraíso perdido, Gaia, Caos e Apocalipse; e outros três arquétipos mitológicos: hybris, o diabo e a morte. Ademais, treze arquétipos representados pelas lâminas do Tarô de Marselha auxiliaram na categorização e na inferência dos arquétipos nos discursos dos entrevistados. / This research proposes a study of the man / medium, or society / nature through the revelation of the archetypes that influence this relationship. The thesis sought to verify that the interpretations that subjects describe about the environment (man and nature relationship) are, at their base, archetypal. This thesis is built based on the collective unconscious as defined by Carl Gustav Jung. Thus, the study aimed to fathom the archetypes of the collective unconscious that form the opinions and interpretations of external reality, especially in the interpretation of the environment (man / medium) of the residents of Santa Maria, RS. We sought to bring to the surface the archetypal images and their mythologies that filter the phenomenological world's information, the lived world. This is because it is believed that, although most of modern civilization has left ancestral myths and rites, they remain alive in the human unconscious, are processed and protrude into the environment. The research was conducted with application of semi-structured interviews and the aid of photographs (projective interview) of the city of Santa Maria, RS. Were nineteen interviewees are residents of the city of Santa Maria, RS, have between 21 and 69 years with education ranging from incomplete secondary education and graduate and answered the question: how do you see the relationship of man with nature in these images? Respondents were asked to answer freely, make free associations or makes a contextual speech. They were also advised to mention images or myths they knew if they did some association with photographs. The content analysis was used to categorize the speeches in nine categories and list the corresponding archetypes. The empirical research resulted in four cosmogonic mythological archetypes: Paradise Lost, Gaia, Chaos and Revelation; and three mythological archetypes: hybris, the devil and the death. In addition, thirteen archetypes represented by the Tarot of Marseilles figures helped in the categorization and inference about the archetypes in the interviews.

Inclusion is a term that, although seeming to have a commonly understood meaning, has changed its conceptual focus over the past 50 years. These changes emerge from the national shift in values and policy away from welfarism to post-welfarism and, more recently, austerity-as-ideology (Ignagni et al., 2015) - changes which have affected the societal territory, and the type of citizen into which inclusion is seen to be desirable. The effect on its application to primary schools has been to move away from a welfarist diversity discourse, in which opportunities were opened up for all children through a universalised education system, to the actuarial elitism of a standards discourse of post-welfarism, embodied in the form of National Curriculum learning expectations. It is the balancing of these two discourses within the context of three case-study primary schools that is the central focus of this research. It employs a mixed-method approach to gather data from children, staff and school leaders – including the use of photography to capture meanings of inclusion. It also uses a conceptual framework constructed from the canon of work of Pierre Bourdieu as the basis for interpreting and analysing the contextual uniqueness of inclusion within these schools. The research considers some overarching themes that arise from this analysis: inclusion as a means of social justice as it changed over the past 50 years to become synonymous with social mobility; the struggles of school leaders to find leadership pathways through the ‘tug’ of each discourse; the changing nature of citizenship and its effect upon inclusion as a means of induction into it and how this has impacted upon categorisations of children. Key to this has been the changing relationship between agent (child) and structure (school and government policy) with the latter currently demanding the compliance and conformity of the former. It is here that the current use of the term inclusion is misplaced, for it implies the integration of children into a structured system. It is this ‘messiness’ and confusion around the concept of inclusion that this research aims to clarify.

Esta pesquisa propõe um estudo da relação homem/meio, ou sociedade/natureza através da revelação dos arquétipos que influenciam tal relação. A tese buscou verificar se as interpretações que os sujeitos fazem do ambiente (relação homem e natureza) são, em sua base, arquetípicas. Tal tese se constrói baseada no conceito de inconsciente coletivo definido por Carl Gustav Jung. Assim, o trabalho objetivou sondar os arquétipos do inconsciente coletivo que formam as opiniões e interpretações da realidade externa, notadamente na interpretação do ambiente (relação homem/meio) dos moradores de Santa Maria, RS. Buscou-se trazer à superfície as imagens arquetípicas e suas respectivas mitologias que filtram as informações do mundo fenomenológico, do mundo vivido. Isso porque se acredita que, embora a maioria da civilização moderna tenha abandonado ritos e mitos ancestrais, estes continuam vivos no inconsciente humano, se processam e se projetam no ambiente. A pesquisa foi conduzida com aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas e o auxílio de fotografias (entrevista projetiva) da cidade de Santa Maria, RS. Os dezenove entrevistados são moradores da cidade de Santa Maria, RS, têm idade entre 21 e 69 anos, com escolaridade que variou entre ensino médio incompleto e pós-graduação e responderam à seguinte pergunta: como você vê a relação do homem com a natureza nestas imagens? Os entrevistados foram orientados a responder livremente, podendo fazer associações livres ou elaborar um discurso contextual. Também foram orientados a mencionar imagens ou mitos que conhecessem, caso fizessem alguma associação com as fotografias. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada para categorizar os discursos em nove categorias e relacionar os arquétipos correspondentes. A pesquisa empírica resultou no levantamento de quatro arquétipos mitológicos cosmogônicos: Paraíso perdido, Gaia, Caos e Apocalipse; e outros três arquétipos mitológicos: hybris, o diabo e a morte. Ademais, treze arquétipos representados pelas lâminas do Tarô de Marselha auxiliaram na categorização e na inferência dos arquétipos nos discursos dos entrevistados. / This research proposes a study of the man / medium, or society / nature through the revelation of the archetypes that influence this relationship. The thesis sought to verify that the interpretations that subjects describe about the environment (man and nature relationship) are, at their base, archetypal. This thesis is built based on the collective unconscious as defined by Carl Gustav Jung. Thus, the study aimed to fathom the archetypes of the collective unconscious that form the opinions and interpretations of external reality, especially in the interpretation of the environment (man / medium) of the residents of Santa Maria, RS. We sought to bring to the surface the archetypal images and their mythologies that filter the phenomenological world's information, the lived world. This is because it is believed that, although most of modern civilization has left ancestral myths and rites, they remain alive in the human unconscious, are processed and protrude into the environment. The research was conducted with application of semi-structured interviews and the aid of photographs (projective interview) of the city of Santa Maria, RS. Were nineteen interviewees are residents of the city of Santa Maria, RS, have between 21 and 69 years with education ranging from incomplete secondary education and graduate and answered the question: how do you see the relationship of man with nature in these images? Respondents were asked to answer freely, make free associations or makes a contextual speech. They were also advised to mention images or myths they knew if they did some association with photographs. The content analysis was used to categorize the speeches in nine categories and list the corresponding archetypes. The empirical research resulted in four cosmogonic mythological archetypes: Paradise Lost, Gaia, Chaos and Revelation; and three mythological archetypes: hybris, the devil and the death. In addition, thirteen archetypes represented by the Tarot of Marseilles figures helped in the categorization and inference about the archetypes in the interviews.

Esta pesquisa propõe um estudo da relação homem/meio, ou sociedade/natureza através da revelação dos arquétipos que influenciam tal relação. A tese buscou verificar se as interpretações que os sujeitos fazem do ambiente (relação homem e natureza) são, em sua base, arquetípicas. Tal tese se constrói baseada no conceito de inconsciente coletivo definido por Carl Gustav Jung. Assim, o trabalho objetivou sondar os arquétipos do inconsciente coletivo que formam as opiniões e interpretações da realidade externa, notadamente na interpretação do ambiente (relação homem/meio) dos moradores de Santa Maria, RS. Buscou-se trazer à superfície as imagens arquetípicas e suas respectivas mitologias que filtram as informações do mundo fenomenológico, do mundo vivido. Isso porque se acredita que, embora a maioria da civilização moderna tenha abandonado ritos e mitos ancestrais, estes continuam vivos no inconsciente humano, se processam e se projetam no ambiente. A pesquisa foi conduzida com aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas e o auxílio de fotografias (entrevista projetiva) da cidade de Santa Maria, RS. Os dezenove entrevistados são moradores da cidade de Santa Maria, RS, têm idade entre 21 e 69 anos, com escolaridade que variou entre ensino médio incompleto e pós-graduação e responderam à seguinte pergunta: como você vê a relação do homem com a natureza nestas imagens? Os entrevistados foram orientados a responder livremente, podendo fazer associações livres ou elaborar um discurso contextual. Também foram orientados a mencionar imagens ou mitos que conhecessem, caso fizessem alguma associação com as fotografias. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada para categorizar os discursos em nove categorias e relacionar os arquétipos correspondentes. A pesquisa empírica resultou no levantamento de quatro arquétipos mitológicos cosmogônicos: Paraíso perdido, Gaia, Caos e Apocalipse; e outros três arquétipos mitológicos: hybris, o diabo e a morte. Ademais, treze arquétipos representados pelas lâminas do Tarô de Marselha auxiliaram na categorização e na inferência dos arquétipos nos discursos dos entrevistados. / This research proposes a study of the man / medium, or society / nature through the revelation of the archetypes that influence this relationship. The thesis sought to verify that the interpretations that subjects describe about the environment (man and nature relationship) are, at their base, archetypal. This thesis is built based on the collective unconscious as defined by Carl Gustav Jung. Thus, the study aimed to fathom the archetypes of the collective unconscious that form the opinions and interpretations of external reality, especially in the interpretation of the environment (man / medium) of the residents of Santa Maria, RS. We sought to bring to the surface the archetypal images and their mythologies that filter the phenomenological world's information, the lived world. This is because it is believed that, although most of modern civilization has left ancestral myths and rites, they remain alive in the human unconscious, are processed and protrude into the environment. The research was conducted with application of semi-structured interviews and the aid of photographs (projective interview) of the city of Santa Maria, RS. Were nineteen interviewees are residents of the city of Santa Maria, RS, have between 21 and 69 years with education ranging from incomplete secondary education and graduate and answered the question: how do you see the relationship of man with nature in these images? Respondents were asked to answer freely, make free associations or makes a contextual speech. They were also advised to mention images or myths they knew if they did some association with photographs. The content analysis was used to categorize the speeches in nine categories and list the corresponding archetypes. The empirical research resulted in four cosmogonic mythological archetypes: Paradise Lost, Gaia, Chaos and Revelation; and three mythological archetypes: hybris, the devil and the death. In addition, thirteen archetypes represented by the Tarot of Marseilles figures helped in the categorization and inference about the archetypes in the interviews.

Long distance running has become increasingly popular in Hong Kong and some middle-aged men take up running in midlife. This research studies the transformative learning that occurs when they practise long distance running in midlife and how it contributes to midlife transition. At the beginning of the study, four hypotheses were developed based on researcher’s observations and literature review. Thirteen middle-aged Hong Kong male runners were then interviewed in a semi-structured way. Thirty-four themes were identified from the data and analysed. The hypotheses were evaluated and arguments of this thesis were then developed. It is then found that long distance running mirrors some real life situations of middle-aged men, triggers transformative learning, and provides the setting for them to reflect on and practise the transformed beliefs and values. When running and the associated transformation address the initial concerns of the middle-aged men, and they are able to resolve difficulties in running with proper methods and find ways to enjoy running, long distance running becomes part of their lives. Long distance running is then a high leverage activity which addresses other midlife concerns and contributes to other life aspects and midlife transition. Moreover, those who were good at sports as teenagers and did not exercise regularly in mid-adulthood are found to benefit more easily from taking up long distance running in midlife. This study extends the application of transformative learning theory to understand and facilitate midlife transition and shows that a single routine activity, like long distance running, can be a multi-function activity in the transformative learning process and a high leverage activity for midlife transition that contributes to multiple life aspects.

The aim of this study was to explore how the perceptions of teachers on their emotional intelligence interpersonal competency of empathy that could be used as a frame to combat xenophobia in schools. The three objectives of this study was to explore and describe: teachers’ perceptions and experiences of xenophobic violence in schools in Port Elizabeth’s Northern Areas; teachers’ responses to xenophobic violence from the emotional intelligence interpersonal competency of empathy; and how emotional intelligence interpersonal competency of empathy could be used as a tool to combat xenophobia in schools. Foreign national learners in Port Elizabeth’s Northern Areas are subjected to xenophobic incidences by some teachers at these schools. This impacts negatively into these learners’ learning environment in these schools. It is behind this backdrop that this study sought to explore how the emotional intelligence interpersonal competency of empathy could be used by teachers as a frame to combat xenophobia in schools. The argument of this study therefore stems from the fact that teachers could use their EI interpersonal competency of empathy to combat xenophobia in their schools. Focus group and mini-focus group interviews was employed to get an explorative, descriptive and interpretive revelation, which was utilised to enhance validity and triangulation for this qualitative study.

The aim of this study was to explore how the perceptions of teachers on their emotional intelligence interpersonal competency of empathy that could be used as a frame to combat xenophobia in schools. The three objectives of this study was to explore and describe: teachers’ perceptions and experiences of xenophobic violence in schools in Port Elizabeth’s Northern Areas; teachers’ responses to xenophobic violence from the emotional intelligence interpersonal competency of empathy; and how emotional intelligence interpersonal competency of empathy could be used as a tool to combat xenophobia in schools. Foreign national learners in Port Elizabeth’s Northern Areas are subjected to xenophobic incidences by some teachers at these schools. This impacts negatively into these learners’ learning environment in these schools. It is behind this backdrop that this study sought to explore how the emotional intelligence interpersonal competency of empathy could be used by teachers as a frame to combat xenophobia in schools. The argument of this study therefore stems from the fact that teachers could use their EI interpersonal competency of empathy to combat xenophobia in their schools. Focus group and mini-focus group interviews was employed to get an explorative, descriptive and interpretive revelation, which was utilised to enhance validity and triangulation for this qualitative study.

The following examines the historical development of English education available prior to university entrance in order to discover the impact of humanist ideas on the educational system. The survey of the structure and theory of pre-university English education begins in the early Middle Ages and continues through the Elizabethan period.

The basic problem examined in this thesis has two focii - social ethics and modernization. Is there a relationship between social ethics and modernization? If so, what is the nature of this relationship and what is the effect of this relationship in practice? In examining these questions, two things have been attempted: (1) a preliminary and selective examination of current literature on modernization in order to come to a better understanding of what the concept means, of the problem areas that need clarification, and of how values affect the process of modernization, both implicitly and explicitly; and (2) and examination of the ethical task in order to determine whether it involves a body of theoretical assumptions only, or leads to the devising of theoretical values that can be tested in relation to particular actions, in this case modernization.

No description available.