Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, Madison, 2005. / UMI number: 3200047. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-134). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, August, 2005. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-122)

Thesis (M. Sc.)(Geography)--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

No description available.

This thesis explores how indigenous communities in the neotropics affect the biodiversity of the forests in which they live; and assesses how the culture, preferences and perceptions of communities can influence the outcome of this relationship. This is first investigated via a case study that compares primate populations between a protected area in the Ecuadorian Amazon and a territory in its adjacent buffer zone that is owned by an indigenous Kichwa community. I then use an ethnoprimatological approach to investigate the attitudes of this community to primates, namely looking at (a) whether primates are seen as a distinct group, (b) the relative importance of primates as sources of bushmeat and pets and (c) the perceived value of primates in terms of their value as a resource or their ecological role. I show that diurnal primates are seen as a cohesive group, but that tree-dwelling non-primates including sloths, kinkajous and tamanduas are also frequently classified as 'monkeys'. The community's perceptions of the value of primates are more closely associated with their potential as bushmeat and pets, whereas few respondents view their importance in terms of their role in the forest ecosystem. I compare our findings to those in studies of other indigenous groups and discuss how they could contribute to more effective conservation planning. Next, I assess how hunting preferences for mammals and birds vary across communities over the whole of central America, Amazonia and the Guianan shield. I show that primates, cetartiodactyls and rodents are the mammalian cornerstones of prey provision for hunters in neotropical communities, whereas Galliformes, Tinamiformes, Psittaciformes, Gruiformes, Piciformes are the most commonly hunted bird orders. The location of a community alone is a significant but weak predictor of the structure of its hunting profile in terms of order preferences. In addition, I found no relationship between a community's age and size and the average biomass of birds or mammals hunted, or the number of mammal species that are targeted. I discuss whether the age and size of communities are robust indicators of past and current hunting pressure, as well as the suitability of cross-sectional data for monitoring large-scale hunting patterns.

The Sami has lived of reindeer husbandry for more than a thousand years, but the reindeer has also been an important prey for predators as wolverines, bears, lynx’ and wolfs. For the reindeer and their own survival, the Sami therefor have developed a unique knowledge regarding predators they must avoid, of which the wolf is the worst of them all. This thesis attempts to point out in which ways the wolf has effected the reindeer husbandry in Sweden, and how the problems has been presented through three periods during the last hundred years, in one of the Sami’s own media channels, the magazine called Samefolket. The thesis also attempts to clarify the implemented and proposed solutions, and the changing of them, and even to find out how the reindeer herder’s, and people in general, have looked at the occurrence of wolves, now and then. The Swedish wolf population has increased considerably during the last hundred years, but the occurrence of wolves has been a significant problem for the reindeer husbandry during all the treated periods. The wolves chases, sores, aches and kills all kinds of reindeers, and spreads the reindeer herds, and scares them and makes them difficult to work with. In addition, this create great frustration, stress and a lot of extra work for those who work with the reindeers. Several measures to solve the problem has been proposed, and with different results. In previous years, hunting with different methods was common, and good hunting performances was prized. From 1966, killing wolves is illegal. The development of good compensation systems is therefore one of the tried solutions of the problems after that. In recent years, it has also been decided that the wolf population should not exceed a particular number of individuals in the reindeer pastry areas.

This study offers a narrative of literary responses to lost texts, ancient and modern, from the age of Petrarch to the age of Milton. Whether continental scholars or English poets, the authors whom I consider share an abiding belief that the imagination is the right vehicle to access the otherwise irretrievable past, and that absent texts can be put to practical uses. Bringing together the work of textual critics, bibliographers, and literary scholars, the introduction evaluates available methods of studying lost texts and proposes an integrated framework for further research. The four chapters that follow provide four distinct answers to the question, what did early modern scholars and poets make out of lost texts? The first chapter finds Petrarch in his De remediis utriusque fortunae inaugurating a long-lasting tradition, the lament for lost books and libraries. I argue that, with help from Petrarch, the Florentine circle of Leonardo Bruni developed what would become a conventional language for explaining these losses. A chapter on scholarly misbehavior examines fifteenth- and sixteenth-century narratives—i.e., legends, lies, and slanders—about lost texts alongside the emergence of the humanist supplements, the efforts of early modern editors (e.g., Erasmus, Ermolao Barbaro) to fill lacunae in partial classical texts with their original compositions, sometimes surreptitiously. This practice of imitation-as-emendation led English authors—Shakespeare, Chapman, Jonson, and Burton—to complete the partial texts of their recent and medieval predecessors and to apprehend with their imaginations the literary heritage that they could not hold in their hands. In the two latter chapters, I argue that this interest sometimes took the form of an imaginative supplement, as when Spenser completes Chaucer's fragmentary Squire's Tale in The Faerie Queene, and sometimes the form of a meditation, as when Milton in "Il Penseroso" envisions English literary history as a series of incomplete works. Likewise, earlier claims about lost texts could simply be revived (e.g., in the invective of Thomas Nashe), or they could be repurposed in self-conscious tropes, as when Ben Jonson and Edmund Spenser entice their readers with representations of lost, unpublished, and unwritten works. / 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z

There is a plethora of research circulating in the academic word related to Indigenous hunters and how industrial development is affecting their traditional lifestyles; of particular concern are the toxic exposures derived from these industrial activities as well as the effects these are having on animal and human health. However, relatively little research exists on the ways in which non-Indigenous hunters are being impacted by and perceive the environmental risks posed by industrial activities (i.e., mining contaminants). The purpose of this study was two-fold: to investigate whether there is a relationship between hunting practices of non-Indigenous hunters and their health status and personal wellbeing as well as examining how the perception of environmental risk associated with mining contaminants might affect the hunting practices, health and wellbeing of non-Indigenous hunters living in northeastern Ontario communities. The study involved survey questionnaires that were distributed in four northeastern Ontario communities (Onaping Falls, Porcupine, Wawa, and Hearst) where a total of 390 hunters, non-hunters, and former hunters voluntarily participated. Findings from this study indicated a few relationships between hunting practice variables (discarding/giving away animals and hunting near mine or tailings sites) and general health, physical health, and physical health readiness variables but no relationships with personal wellbeing. Furthermore, significant associations were found between two hunting practice variables (hunting near mine tailings and discarding/giving away hunted animals) and the two risk perception variables. In addition, worrying about mining contaminants was significantly associated with reduced levels of mental health and personal wellbeing. Despite the significant associations, few hunters took actions as a result of their concern or worry over mining contaminants although it must be noted that only a minority of hunters always or very frequently hunted near mine or tailings sites. Either hunters did not perceive the risks as being high or they merely have a high risk tolerance. Further research is required to delve deeper into the issues explored in this research study.

This work deals with the evaluation of game management with roe deer and wild boar in hunting Drahotěšice-Radonice in the years 1993-2014. As a material for this work are used data from the records of hunting manager. It evaluates the annual evolution of aggregated states, the amount of hunting and implementation for hunting of roe deer. It is also evaluated catch weight and date of capture of roe deer and wild boars. On the ground of results are set recommendations for the managemet of roe deer and wild boar in hunting.

No description available.