Research has established a close link between talk and cognition; that talk is central to the meaning-making process and thus to learning science. However, the challenge is shifting teacher pedagogical practices to those that promote meaningful learner talk and mediate substantive engagement with science concepts. Research suggests that long-term school based teacher support programmes do bring about changes in teacher beliefs and classroom practices. My study was part of a five year project to investigate teaching strategies for the implementation of South Africa’s new science curriculum in Soweto high schools. Taking a socio-cultural perspective I sought to understand the use of science talk as a tool for teachers to mediate meaningful engagement with and understanding of high school science. I investigated teacher-learner interactions in three experienced teachers’ classrooms following their participation in the intervention programme. I wanted to understand how they used talk to create dialogic discourse and how meaning making was negotiated within this discourse. Taking a collaborative research approach I used case study methodology to collect and analyse observational data from each teachers’ lessons. Data analysis was informed by Mortimer and Scott’s model for analysing classroom interactions and Toulmin’s Argument Pattern (TAP). My findings indicated that classrooms had become interactive. Although teachers took up a largely authoritative stance there was tendency to a dialogic communicative approach. That is, while traditional IRE discourse persisted, there was significant evidence that teachers created dialogic discourse (eliciting and taking up learners’ ideas). Teachers both opened up and shut down talk, through evaluative and elaborative feedback, respectively. I observed the emergence of spontaneous argumentation in two teachers’ lessons. Argumentation differed from forms reported in literature in two significant ways. First, arguments were co-constructed by the teacher and learners and secondly, an unusual form of argumentation to make sense of conventional science concepts as opposed to the usual argumentation on socio-scientific issues as observed in local South African studies so far. Whereas most argumentation research has focused on the structure of arguments constructed by individual participants, I observed arguments co-constructed collaboratively by several participants. These findings have been published in a peer reviewed journal. A further, unrecorded finding for South Africa was engagement in talk within hybrid spaces, which are combinations of formal scientific ways of talking with context-based and culturally informed forms of talk. Lastly, science talk was enriched in these classrooms by linking it to other forms of engagement, such as reading, writing, practical activities and computer technology. This too has not been reported in South Africa. Some methodological findings emanating from my study included the positive effects of the model adopted by the Project on Implementation of Curriculum Change (ICC Project). The project employed a model of sustained on-site teacher support, systematic teacher-researcher collaboration, co-teaching and modelling of teaching strategies. I also discuss the implications of my findings for teacher professional development as well as for science teacher education in South Africa and further afield.

A pesquisa de mestrado procura entender a construção e percepção, auxiliadas pelo uso de meios digitais, de espaços híbridos constituídos por elementos concretos e virtuais, envolvendo sonoridades musicais locais e remotas e as ações humanas de interação nesses espaços. Entendemos que o processo de conversação musical baseado em improviso como uma possibilidade de interação entre músicos, locais e remotos, em espaços híbridos mediados digitalmente. Como ferramental para verificação de nosso desenvolvimento teórico fizemos a leitura de quatro intervenções que tiveram músicos tocando juntos via Internet, sendo três do projeto Territórios Híbridos e uma específica para nossa pesquisa. A pesquisa analisa software de comunicação de áudio e vídeo disponíveis, assim como investiga ferramentas específicas para a comunicação musical via Internet. Esta investigação serve para colaborar com a concepção e execução de intervenções nos moldes que propusemos. Diferentemente de outras pesquisas que abordam este tipo de comunicação que investigam tecnicamente as possibilidades de melhorias na comunicação, nossa investigação procura entender a utilização destes meios digitais na constituição e percepção de espaços híbridos. / These master\'s research seeks to understand the construction and perception, aided by the use of digital media, of hybrid spaces made of concrete and virtual elements, involving local and remote musical sounds and human actions of interaction in these spaces. We understand the process of musical conversation based on improvisation as a possibility of interaction between musicians, local and remote, in hybrid spaces digitally mediated. As a tool to check our theoretical development we read four interventions that had musicians playing together over the Internet, three from \"Territórios Híbridos\" project and one specific to our research. The research analyzes the audio and video communication software available, as well as investigating specific tools for musical communication via Internet. This research serves to collaborate with the design and implementation of interventions along the lines we have proposed. Unlike other researches on this kind of communication that technically investigate the possibilities for improvements in communication, our research seeks to understand the use of digital media in the creation and perception of hybrid spaces.

A pesquisa de mestrado procura entender a construção e percepção, auxiliadas pelo uso de meios digitais, de espaços híbridos constituídos por elementos concretos e virtuais, envolvendo sonoridades musicais locais e remotas e as ações humanas de interação nesses espaços. Entendemos que o processo de conversação musical baseado em improviso como uma possibilidade de interação entre músicos, locais e remotos, em espaços híbridos mediados digitalmente. Como ferramental para verificação de nosso desenvolvimento teórico fizemos a leitura de quatro intervenções que tiveram músicos tocando juntos via Internet, sendo três do projeto Territórios Híbridos e uma específica para nossa pesquisa. A pesquisa analisa software de comunicação de áudio e vídeo disponíveis, assim como investiga ferramentas específicas para a comunicação musical via Internet. Esta investigação serve para colaborar com a concepção e execução de intervenções nos moldes que propusemos. Diferentemente de outras pesquisas que abordam este tipo de comunicação que investigam tecnicamente as possibilidades de melhorias na comunicação, nossa investigação procura entender a utilização destes meios digitais na constituição e percepção de espaços híbridos. / These master\'s research seeks to understand the construction and perception, aided by the use of digital media, of hybrid spaces made of concrete and virtual elements, involving local and remote musical sounds and human actions of interaction in these spaces. We understand the process of musical conversation based on improvisation as a possibility of interaction between musicians, local and remote, in hybrid spaces digitally mediated. As a tool to check our theoretical development we read four interventions that had musicians playing together over the Internet, three from \"Territórios Híbridos\" project and one specific to our research. The research analyzes the audio and video communication software available, as well as investigating specific tools for musical communication via Internet. This research serves to collaborate with the design and implementation of interventions along the lines we have proposed. Unlike other researches on this kind of communication that technically investigate the possibilities for improvements in communication, our research seeks to understand the use of digital media in the creation and perception of hybrid spaces.

abstract: This study sought the lived and told stories of Native American women working in engineering and technology so that their voices may be heard in engineering education scholarship and challenge assumptions surrounding universal understandings of what it means to be a minority woman in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The study was directed by two research questions: (1) What are the lived and told stories of Native women in engineering and technology who are leading initiatives to improve their Native communities and (2) How do Native women’s understandings of their identities influence their work and acts of leadership? The study employed narrative inquiry as the methodological framework and was guided by theoretical frameworks of identities as constructed, multiple, and intersectional (Crenshaw, 1989; Tajfel & Turner, 1979), hybridity, and “third spaces” (Bhabha, 2012). The inquiry was also informed by feminist theories of Native scholars (Green, 1983; Kidwell, 1978) and engineering education (Beddoes & Borrego, 2011; Riley, Pawley, Tucker, & Catalano, 2009). The narrative analysis presented three narratives, based upon interviews, field notes, observations, and documents: (1) the story of a Navajo woman working within a large technical corporation (Jaemie); (2) the story of an Akimel O’odham-Mexican woman working within a tribally-owned technical business (Mia); and (3) the story of a Navajo woman growing her own technical business (Catherine). The narratives revealed a series of impactful transitions that enabled Jaemie, Mia, and Catherine to work and lead in engineering and technology. The transitions revolved around themes of becoming professionals, encountering and overcoming hardship, seeking to connect and contribute to Natives through work, leading change for their Native communities, and advancing their professional selves and their Native communities. Across the transitions, a transformation emerged from cultural navigation to leadership for the creation of new hybrid spaces that represented innovative sites of opportunity for Native communities. The strength of the Native spaces enabled Jaemie, Mia, and Catherine to leverage their identities as Native women within the global context of engineering and technology. The narratives denote the power of story by contributing the depth and richness of lived realities in engineering and technology. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Curriculum and Instruction 2016

A reflexão sobre as espacialidades atuais, em arquitetura e urbanismo, pressupõe o estudo de suas relações com as apropriações das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC). Esse trabalho busca discutir a criação de espaços híbridos em fragmentos urbanos considerando-os como espaços constituídos a partir da inserção de comunicação mediada por sistemas computacionais em comunidades geograficamente referenciadas. Situa sua investigação a partir da implantação de uma experiência desta natureza, levada a cabo pelo projeto Comunidades_online: domesticidade e sociabilidade em políticas públicas para inclusão digital, entre 2004 e 2008, no distrito paulistano de Cidade Tiradentes, financiado pela FAPESP e coordenado pelo Nomads.usp. Examina, também, por um lado, a conformação das dimensões e complexidades de projetos que buscam inserir os usos das TIC na vida das pessoas e comunidades, relacionando-as ao campo das discussões da chamada inclusão digital. Investiga, por outro lado, a natureza da comunidade na contemporaneidade e apresenta as especificidades e abrangências de suas porções física e virtual. Busca relacionar comunidades e espaços híbridos, e investiga, por fim, a constituição de interfaces computacionais para interação comunitária, ou seja, os suportes tecnológicos lógicos e físicos capazes de dotar comunidades locais de uma instância virtual. / Reflecting on current spatialities, in architecture and urbanism requires studying their relations to information and communication technologies (ICT) appropriations. This work discusses the creation of hybrid spaces in urban fragments defining the former as constituted spaces from mediated communication insertion by computational systems in geographically-based communities. This work is based on an experiment of this nature, carried out by the Online_communities project: domesticity and sociability in public policies for digital inclusion which took place between 2004 and 2008 in the Sao Paulo district of Cidade Tiradentes, funded by FAPESP and coordinated by Nomads.usp. It also examines, on the one hand, the dimensions and complexities of projects that intend to make ICT part of peoples lives, as well as the community, relating them to the discussion on digital inclusion. On the other hand, it investigates the contemporary nature of the community and it presents the specificities and scope of the physical and virtual parts. The aim is to relate hybrid communities and hybrid spaces, as well as investigate the constitution of computational interfaces for social interaction, or in other words, the logical and physical technological support which can provide local communities with a virtual dimension.

A reflexão sobre as espacialidades atuais, em arquitetura e urbanismo, pressupõe o estudo de suas relações com as apropriações das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC). Esse trabalho busca discutir a criação de espaços híbridos em fragmentos urbanos considerando-os como espaços constituídos a partir da inserção de comunicação mediada por sistemas computacionais em comunidades geograficamente referenciadas. Situa sua investigação a partir da implantação de uma experiência desta natureza, levada a cabo pelo projeto Comunidades_online: domesticidade e sociabilidade em políticas públicas para inclusão digital, entre 2004 e 2008, no distrito paulistano de Cidade Tiradentes, financiado pela FAPESP e coordenado pelo Nomads.usp. Examina, também, por um lado, a conformação das dimensões e complexidades de projetos que buscam inserir os usos das TIC na vida das pessoas e comunidades, relacionando-as ao campo das discussões da chamada inclusão digital. Investiga, por outro lado, a natureza da comunidade na contemporaneidade e apresenta as especificidades e abrangências de suas porções física e virtual. Busca relacionar comunidades e espaços híbridos, e investiga, por fim, a constituição de interfaces computacionais para interação comunitária, ou seja, os suportes tecnológicos lógicos e físicos capazes de dotar comunidades locais de uma instância virtual. / Reflecting on current spatialities, in architecture and urbanism requires studying their relations to information and communication technologies (ICT) appropriations. This work discusses the creation of hybrid spaces in urban fragments defining the former as constituted spaces from mediated communication insertion by computational systems in geographically-based communities. This work is based on an experiment of this nature, carried out by the Online_communities project: domesticity and sociability in public policies for digital inclusion which took place between 2004 and 2008 in the Sao Paulo district of Cidade Tiradentes, funded by FAPESP and coordinated by Nomads.usp. It also examines, on the one hand, the dimensions and complexities of projects that intend to make ICT part of peoples lives, as well as the community, relating them to the discussion on digital inclusion. On the other hand, it investigates the contemporary nature of the community and it presents the specificities and scope of the physical and virtual parts. The aim is to relate hybrid communities and hybrid spaces, as well as investigate the constitution of computational interfaces for social interaction, or in other words, the logical and physical technological support which can provide local communities with a virtual dimension.

In the face of changes experienced by emerging ways of life through the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), especially after the mobility achieved through wireless network (wi-fi), this work aimed to investigate the occurrence of physical changes in domestic spaces from these existing communication processes. The research was based on a bibliographic study on lifestyle and home environments, in the application of an online questionnaire with a portion of the population of the city of Maceio and analysis of the spaces offered by the local housing market made for a family "standard ". The daily activities were modified and one of the factors that happened was the addition of virtual spaces in the physical home environments, making hybrid and changing the whole dynamics of home use. As a result, it was observed that the invariance of residential typologies does not take into account the real needs of the residents, but not prevent them from using their electronic devices on considered traditional spaces, as it is also in these virtual spaces, that part of everyday life effective. Thus, it was found that the division of the house into three sectors (social, intimate and service) initiated by bourgeois society and consolidated during the twentieth century, has been dissolved, much the appropriation of spaces by residents, than what has been offered by the housing market. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / Diante das transformações sofridas pelos modos de vida emergentes através do uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), sobretudo após a mobilidade conseguida através rede sem fio (wi-fi), buscou-se investigar a ocorrência de alterações em espaços domésticos físicos a partir destes processos comunicacionais vigentes. A pesquisa foi baseada em um estudo bibliográfico sobre modos de vida e espaços de habitação, na aplicação de um questionário on-line com uma parcela da população da cidade de Maceió e na análise sobre os espaços oferecidos pelo mercado imobiliário local feitos para uma família “padrão” (do ponto de vida mercadológico). As atividades cotidianas foram modificadas e um dos fatores para que isso tenha acontecido foi a adição de espaços virtuais nos ambientes domésticos físicos, tornando-os híbridos e modificando toda a dinâmica de uso do lar. Como resultado, observou-se que a invariabilidade das tipologias residenciais não leva em consideração as reais necessidades dos moradores, mas não os impede de utilizar seus aparelhos eletrônicos em espaços considerados tradicionais, visto que é também nestes espaços virtuais, que parte da vida cotidiana se efetiva. Assim, foi constatado que a divisão da moradia em três setores (social, íntimo e de serviço) iniciada pela sociedade burguesa e consolidada durante o século XX, vem sendo dissolvida, muito mais pela apropriação dos espaços pelos moradores, do que pelo que tem sido ofertado pelo mercado.

In the face of changes experienced by emerging ways of life through the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), especially after the mobility achieved through wireless network (wi-fi), this work aimed to investigate the occurrence of physical changes in domestic spaces from these existing communication processes. The research was based on a bibliographic study on lifestyle and home environments, in the application of an online questionnaire with a portion of the population of the city of Maceio and analysis of the spaces offered by the local housing market made for a family "standard ". The daily activities were modified and one of the factors that happened was the addition of virtual spaces in the physical home environments, making hybrid and changing the whole dynamics of home use. As a result, it was observed that the invariance of residential typologies does not take into account the real needs of the residents, but not prevent them from using their electronic devices on considered traditional spaces, as it is also in these virtual spaces, that part of everyday life effective. Thus, it was found that the division of the house into three sectors (social, intimate and service) initiated by bourgeois society and consolidated during the twentieth century, has been dissolved, much the appropriation of spaces by residents, than what has been offered by the housing market. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / Diante das transformações sofridas pelos modos de vida emergentes através do uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), sobretudo após a mobilidade conseguida através rede sem fio ( wi-fi) , buscou-se investigar a ocorrência de alterações em espaços domésticos físicos a partir destes processos comunicacionais vigentes. A pesquisa foi baseada em um estudo bibliográfico sobre modos de vida e espaços de habitação, na aplicação de um questionário on-line com uma parcela da população da cidade de Maceió e na análise sobre os espaços oferecidos pelo mercado imobiliário local feitos para uma família “ padrão ” (do ponto de vida mercadológico). As atividades cotidianas foram modificadas e um dos fatores para que isso tenha acontecido foi a adição de espaços virtuais nos ambientes domésticos físicos, tornando-os híbridos e modificando toda a dinâmica de uso do lar. Como resultado, observou-se que a invariabilidade das tipologias residenciais não leva em consideração as reais necessidades dos moradores, mas não os impede de utilizar seus aparelhos eletrônicos em espaços considerados tradicionais, visto que é também nestes espaços virtuais, que parte da vida cotidiana se efetiva. Assim, foi constatado que a divisão da moradia em três setores (social, íntimo e de serviço) iniciada pela sociedade burguesa e consolidada durante o século XX, vem sendo dissolvida, muito mais pela apropriação dos espaços pelos moradores, do que pelo que tem sido ofertado pelo mercado.

No description available.

This research is based on a pilot study, conducted on a marketer from an unnamed company within the tech industry (the anonymity is used because of the integrity of the interview subjects of both the pilot study and this study). The company deals with B2B (Business to business) transactions, and the marketing in this is somewhat different from the typical B2C (business to consumer) type of marketing. One of these things is the type of strategic communication that comes with event planning and hosting. In the aftermath of the covid-19 pandemic, events and the attendance at these have changed, for marketers in the tech industry. The researched marketers have experienced how their audience's attitudes have changed, and they are struggling to know which path to choose. This study will dive into what these challenges are, and how the marketers approach the challenges, as well as discuss different forms of participation.  The methodological approach for answering these questions is a combination of interview sessions with marketers from a specific, industry-leading company, as well as a participant observation from my internship at this company. The interview sessions gave a further foundation for what the participant observation indicated, as well as providing some interesting takes on how the marketers both experience their audience, and how they engage them during events - physical, digital, and hybrid such.  Further, the study highlights marketing differences in B2B and B2C industries, personal experiences from event hosting, and theories on both hybrid spaces and participatory culture - something that, in a new digital era, is vital to be able to navigate, to excel in marketing. / Denna undersökning grundar sig i en pilotstudie, som utfördes på en marknadsförare från ett icke-namngivet företag i IT-branschen (anonymiteten här används för att värna om integriteten hos respondenterna både från pilotstudien samt denna studie). Företaget är verksamt inom B2B (Business to business), och marknadsföringen här skiljer sig något från den mer typiska B2C (Business to consumer) -marknadsföringen. En del i detta är den strategiska kommunikationen som kommer av eventplanering och -värdskap. I efterdyningarna av coronapandemin har event och deltagandet på dessa förändrats, något som upplevs av marknadsförare i IT-branschen. De undersökta marknadsförarna har upplevt hur attityden hos deras publik har förändrats, och de tampas med att veta vilken väg de ska välja. Denna studie kommer att dyka in i vad dessa utmaningar är, och hur marknadsförarna handskas med dessa, samt diskutera olika former av deltagande.  Det metodologiska tillvägagångssättet för att besvara dessa frågor består av en kombination av intervjuer med ett antal marknadsförare från ett specifikt företag inom denna bransch, och även en deltagarobservation från min praktikperiod hos samma företag. Intervjuerna gav ytterligare grund åt vad deltagarobservationen indikerade, samt gav några intressanta synpunkter på hur marknadsförarna inom företaget både upplever sin publik, och hur de engagerar dem under event - såväl fysiska, som digitala eller hybridevent.  Studien kommer ytterligare uppmärksamma några stora skillnader i marknadsföringen i B2B- och B2C-branscher, personliga erfarenheter från att vara värd för event, och teorier om hybridutrymmen och deltagarkultur - något som, i en ny digital tidsålder, är avgörande för att kunna navigera i, och lyckas med marknadsföring.