With an influx of women entering the incarcerated population comes an increase in the number of children who have a mother serving time. As these mothers are released from prison or jail they immediately enter into the parole or probation system. This research focuses on the experiences of these women within state supervision, but also on what it means to be a mother. Through thematic analysis of 8 in-depth interviews with women who are currently on or were recently released from probation or parole, this study explores how women manage the combined identity of "mother under state supervision." There are many instances of direct conflict that result from the combined identity of "mother under state supervision." In order to deal with this conflict and manage their combined identity, the women use a multitude of tools. This analysis focuses on three of those tools: social support, managing openness, and redefining ways to be good moms. What has emerged from this analysis is the complex nature of navigating the combined identity of "mother under state supervision" and the tools that this particular group of women have used to do so.

Few social boundaries still exist regarding tattooed individuals in Western society, yet the professional workplace remains a barrier to heavily tattooed individuals today. The historical stigma attached to heavily tattooed people is still pervasive across many professional communities. A series of ethnographic interviews examine the decision heavily tattooed professionals make to "cover up" their tattoos. Focusing on identity management as it relates to tattoo wearers in a professional context, the research seeks to explain the communicative processes that heavily tattooed individuals use to negotiate professional life. This perspective will work to explore the impact of identity and authenticity on the tattooed self, the safety provided by covering-up in the workplace, and the identity struggle faced by heavily tattooed individuals when covering up.

Proving and verifying remotely a user's identity information have become a critical and challenging problem in the online world, with the increased number of sensitive services offered online. The digital identity management ecosystem has been evolving over the years to address this problem. However, the limitations in existing identity management approaches in handling this problem in a privacy preserving and secure manner have caused disruptions to users' digital lives and damages to revenue and reputation of service providers.<br><br>In this dissertation, we analyze different areas of the identity management ecosystem in terms of privacy and security. In our analysis, we observe three critical aspects to take into account when identifying the privacy and security requirements to address in identity management scenarios, namely: i) protecting privacy and security of digital identity and online transactions of users; ii) providing other stakeholders with assurance about user identity information and accountability of transactions; iii) preserving utility (e.g. accuracy, efficiency and deployability).<br>We show that existing authentication models and identity management protocols fail to address critical privacy and security requirements related to all these three aspects, mainly because of inherent conflicts among these requirements. <br>For example, existing authentication protocols, which aim to protect service providers from imposters by involving strong authentication factors, such as biometrics, fail to protect privacy and security of users' biometrics. Protecting an identity management system against counterfeits of identity assets, while preserving unlinkability of the transactions carried out using the identity assets, is another example of conflicting yet critical privacy and security requirements.<br>We demonstrate that careful combinations of cryptographic techniques and other technologies make it feasible to design privacy preserving identity management protocols which address critical and conflicting requirements related to the aforementioned three aspects. Certain techniques, that we have developed for these protocols, are independent contributions with applications beyond the domain of digital identity management. We validate our contributions by providing prototype implementations, experimental evaluations and security proofs.

Expressions of identity are increasingly occurring in online communication as a variety of social media have emerged. People establish and manage identities online, and experience challenges when changing their online image. Widows experience this challenge in a dramatic fashion, especially when they begin to date and reveal new relationships online. The purpose of this study was to examine the expressions of facework in the online writings of widows regarding their new romantic relationships. This illuminated the ways in which one population, young widow bloggers, deals with the challenge of online identity management. A systematic thematic analysis was conducted to describe how posts on widow blogs address the positive face needs of remarrying widows. This study discovered evidence of preventive facework, face threats and face attacks, and corrective facework used in online blogs written by widows.

<p>The seemingly contradictory need and want of online users for information sharing and privacy has inspired this thesis work. The crux of the problem lies in the fact that a user has inadequate control over the flow (with whom information to be shared), boundary (acceptable usage), and persistence (duration of use) of their personal information. This thesis has built a privacy-preserving information sharing model using context, identity, and trust to manage the flow, boundary, and persistence of disclosed information.</p> <p>In this vein, privacy is viewed as context-dependent selective disclosures of information. This thesis presents the design, implementation, and analysis of a five-layer Identity and Trust based Model for Privacy (ITMP). Context, trust, and identity are the main building blocks of this model. The application layer identifies the counterparts, the purpose of communication, and the information being sought. The context layer determines the context of a communication episode through identifying the role of a partner and assessing the relationship with the partner. The trust layer combines partner and purpose information with the respective context information to determine the trustworthiness of a purpose and a partner. Given that the purpose and the partner have a known level of trustworthiness, the identity layer constructs a contextual partial identity from the user's complete identity. The presentation layer facilitates in disclosing a set of information that is a subset of the respective partial identity. It also attaches expiration (time-to-live) and usage (purpose-to-live) tags into each piece of information before disclosure.</p> <p>In this model, roles and relationships are used to adequately capture the notion of context to address privacy. A role is a set of activities assigned to an actor or expected of an actor to perform. For example, an actor in a learner role is expected to be involved in various learning activities, such as attending lectures, participating in a course discussion, appearing in exams, etc. A relationship involves related entities performing activities involving one another. Interactions between actors can be heavily influenced by roles. For example, in a learning-teaching relationship, both the learner and the teacher are expected to perform their respective roles. The nuances of activities warranted by each role are dictated by individual relationships. For example, two learners seeking help from an instructor are going to present themselves differently.</p> <p>In this model, trust is realized in two forms: trust in partners and trust of purposes. The first form of trust assesses the trustworthiness of a partner in a given context. For example, a stranger may be considered untrustworthy to be given a home phone number. The second form of trust determines the relevance or justification of a purpose for seeking data in a given context. For example, seeking/providing a social insurance number for the purpose of a membership in a student organization is inappropriate. A known and tested trustee can understandably be re-trusted or re-evaluated based on the personal experience of a trustor. In online settings, however, a software manifestation of a trusted persistent public actor, namely a guarantor, is required to help find a trustee, because we interact with a myriad of actors in a large number of contexts, often with no prior relationships.</p> <p>The ITMP model is instantiated as a suite of Role- and Relationship-based Identity and Reputation Management (RRIRM) features in iHelp, an e-learning environment in use at the University of Saskatchewan. This thesis presents the results of a two-phase (pilot and larger-scale) user study that illustrates the effectiveness of the RRIRM features and thus the ITMP model in enhancing privacy through identity and trust management in the iHelp Discussion Forum. This research contributes to the understanding of privacy problems along with other competing interests in the online world, as well as to the development of privacy-enhanced communications through understanding context, negotiating identity, and using trust.</p>

<p>The seemingly contradictory need and want of online users for information sharing and privacy has inspired this thesis work. The crux of the problem lies in the fact that a user has inadequate control over the flow (with whom information to be shared), boundary (acceptable usage), and persistence (duration of use) of their personal information. This thesis has built a privacy-preserving information sharing model using context, identity, and trust to manage the flow, boundary, and persistence of disclosed information.</p> <p>In this vein, privacy is viewed as context-dependent selective disclosures of information. This thesis presents the design, implementation, and analysis of a five-layer Identity and Trust based Model for Privacy (ITMP). Context, trust, and identity are the main building blocks of this model. The application layer identifies the counterparts, the purpose of communication, and the information being sought. The context layer determines the context of a communication episode through identifying the role of a partner and assessing the relationship with the partner. The trust layer combines partner and purpose information with the respective context information to determine the trustworthiness of a purpose and a partner. Given that the purpose and the partner have a known level of trustworthiness, the identity layer constructs a contextual partial identity from the user's complete identity. The presentation layer facilitates in disclosing a set of information that is a subset of the respective partial identity. It also attaches expiration (time-to-live) and usage (purpose-to-live) tags into each piece of information before disclosure.</p> <p>In this model, roles and relationships are used to adequately capture the notion of context to address privacy. A role is a set of activities assigned to an actor or expected of an actor to perform. For example, an actor in a learner role is expected to be involved in various learning activities, such as attending lectures, participating in a course discussion, appearing in exams, etc. A relationship involves related entities performing activities involving one another. Interactions between actors can be heavily influenced by roles. For example, in a learning-teaching relationship, both the learner and the teacher are expected to perform their respective roles. The nuances of activities warranted by each role are dictated by individual relationships. For example, two learners seeking help from an instructor are going to present themselves differently.</p> <p>In this model, trust is realized in two forms: trust in partners and trust of purposes. The first form of trust assesses the trustworthiness of a partner in a given context. For example, a stranger may be considered untrustworthy to be given a home phone number. The second form of trust determines the relevance or justification of a purpose for seeking data in a given context. For example, seeking/providing a social insurance number for the purpose of a membership in a student organization is inappropriate. A known and tested trustee can understandably be re-trusted or re-evaluated based on the personal experience of a trustor. In online settings, however, a software manifestation of a trusted persistent public actor, namely a guarantor, is required to help find a trustee, because we interact with a myriad of actors in a large number of contexts, often with no prior relationships.</p> <p>The ITMP model is instantiated as a suite of Role- and Relationship-based Identity and Reputation Management (RRIRM) features in iHelp, an e-learning environment in use at the University of Saskatchewan. This thesis presents the results of a two-phase (pilot and larger-scale) user study that illustrates the effectiveness of the RRIRM features and thus the ITMP model in enhancing privacy through identity and trust management in the iHelp Discussion Forum. This research contributes to the understanding of privacy problems along with other competing interests in the online world, as well as to the development of privacy-enhanced communications through understanding context, negotiating identity, and using trust.</p>

The main focus of this thesis is to analyse the identity management of Czech bank. The author deals with the authentication and authorization of bank employees, the lifecycle of identities and also suggests the operational improvement of systems that relate to identity management. The aim is to show the view from every angle on identity management, highlight the problems and propose countermeasures, respectively measures to improve the identity management running.The main methods of research are analysis of documents, unstructured interview with employees and observation of systems operation. The benefit of this work is in providing author's opinion and recommendations, which can lead to an overall better running identity management in the bank.

No description available.

Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Identidade Centrados no Usuário têm sido utilizados na Internet como meio de evitar o gerenciamento de múltiplas contas em sites e serviços na Web. Embora o uso de tais sistemas apresente benefícios, usuários podem ter sua privacidade prejudicada, uma vez que suas identidades tendem a ser conhecidas e controladas por uma entidade central. Dessa maneira, os acessos a serviços e o comportamento dos usuários tendem a ser facilmente rastreáveis em toda a rede. Por outro lado, do ponto de vista dos serviços, existem casos onde o conhecimento e a comprovação de informações do usuário é uma necessidade para o controle de acesso e provimento do serviço. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma solução de gerenciamento de identidades que proteja a privacidade e, ao mesmo tempo, possibilite a comprovação de atributos de identidade do usuário para um provedor de serviços no ambiente Web atual. Esta proposta inova dentre os trabalhos relacionados encontrados na literatura devido à sua adequação às necessidades e limitações existentes no ambiente típico da interação entre usuários e sites na Internet. A verificação do cumprimento dos objetivos de autenticação de atributos de identidade e privacidade do usuário é realizada por meio da análise formal do protocolo da solução. Ainda, com a aplicação de uma métrica, são analisados as condições e níveis de anonimato de um usuário no uso do sistema. / User-centric Identity Management Systems have been used on the Internet for avoiding the management of multiple users accounts in different sites and services on the Web. Although those systems can bring some benefits for its users, their privacy may be jeopardized since their identities are likely to be known and controlled by a central entity. This way, users behavior and their accesses to services are likely to be easily tracked on the network. On the other side, from the services point of view, there are occasions where the knowledge and verification of some users aspects and attributes are necessary for access control and service providing. Thereby, the goal of this work is to propose a solution for identity management that provides enhanced privacy for user and, at the same time, allows them to prove attributes of their identity to a service provider on the current Web environment on the Internet. This proposal innovates when compared to related works due to its suitability to the environment and its interactions between clients and sites on the Internet. The objectives related to the verification of identitys attributes and privacy concerns in this proposal are analyzed by formal methods. This work also presents an analysis on the conditions and levels of anonymity when users interact with the system based on a metric.

Every individual associates him/herself with a specific and sometimes a unique identity. In a workplace setting individuals may choose to either openly display and/or speak about their identity or they may choose to conceal it. Research shows that manifestation and/or suppression of an identity in the workplace can affect individual outcomes such as perceptions of discrimination, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. The present study investigated whether an identity characterized as visible and/or invisible would affect an individual’s decision to either manifest and/or suppress his/her identity. The study further examined the effects of identity management techniques used by individuals on their perceptions of discrimination in the workplace, job satisfaction, and intentions to leave the organization. The sample included 369 individuals who were at the time of the survey at least half time employed. Independent-samples t-tests were used to test the relationship between identity characteristics and identity management. Path analyses was used to analyze the hypothesized relationship between identity management, perceptions of discrimination, job Satisfaction, and turnover intentions. The study found that individuals with an invisible identity are more likely to suppress their identities. It was also found that identity suppression had a direct positive relationship with perceptions of discrimination. Perceived discrimination was found to have a negative correlation with job satisfaction and a positive relationship with turnover intentions. Additionally, the study found that Job satisfaction is negatively correlated with Turnover Intentions. The importance of proper diversity management strategies and the role of an inclusive work environment on employees’ decision to either manifest and/or suppress their identities are discussed.