This study intends to highlight and explain the development, in the Renaissance, of a category of fictions characterized by their comical improbability and their - more or less serious - claim to convey a philosophical content. Based on a corpus of six Italian and French “philosophical fantasies” (Alberti’s Momus, Ariosto’s Orlando Furioso, Folengo’s Baldo, Rabelais’s works, Ronsard’s “seasonal hymns”, and Philippe d’Alcripe’s Nouvelle Fabrique), our study aims at defining this category, and showing how a fictional pattern, initially borrowed by Italian humanists from Lucian of Samosata, has been adapted to new philosophical stakes and controversies. Our last six chapters are devoted to case studies. The five previous ones explore, from a theoretical perspective, the status of incredible fictions in the horatian, platonic and aristotelian poetics: far from being systematically regarded as lies, or considered as artistic failures, they benefit from the high value granted to fictional invention and to the intellectual impact of astonishment. However, their relationship to the allegorical tradition is complex: while they constantly refer to it, they resist to the allegorizers’s investigation. This ambiguity is specific to the products of creative fantasy which, in Renaissance philosophy, is a strongly ambivalent faculty of the soul. / This study intends to highlight and explain the development, in the Renaissance, of a category of fictions characterized by their comical improbability and their - more or less serious - claim to convey a philosophical content. Based on a corpus of six Italian and French “philosophical fantasies” (Alberti’s Momus, Ariosto’s Orlando Furioso, Folengo’s Baldo, Rabelais’s works, Ronsard’s “seasonal hymns”, and Philippe d’Alcripe’s Nouvelle Fabrique), our study aims at defining this category, and showing how a fictional pattern, initially borrowed by Italian humanists from Lucian of Samosata, has been adapted to new philosophical stakes and controversies. Our last six chapters are devoted to case studies. The five previous ones explore, from a theoretical perspective, the status of incredible fictions in the horatian, platonic and aristotelian poetics: far from being systematically regarded as lies, or considered as artistic failures, they benefit from the high value granted to fictional invention and to the intellectual impact of astonishment. However, their relationship to the allegorical tradition is complex: while they constantly refer to it, they resist to the allegorizers’s investigation. This ambiguity is specific to the products of creative fantasy which, in Renaissance philosophy, is a strongly ambivalent faculty of the soul.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:38:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior,Nenhuma / A tese realizada orienta-se no sentido da análise da dicotomia probabilidade/improbabilidade comunicacional sanitária. Valendo-se da teoria sistêmica luhmanniana, busca-se a análise enredada e comunicativa do fenômeno da comunicação/não-comunicação como forma de efetivação do direito à saúde. A saúde apresenta-se como uma realidade extremamente complexa, estabelecendo-se, assim, um paradoxo: existe a garantia à manutenção e assistência sanitária de todos pelos poderes públicos, entretanto a realidade brasileira espelha uma realidade diversa daquela cristalizada no texto constitucional, refletindo uma completa inoperância estatal no que tange à sua promoção. Desse modo, considerando a concepção da sociedade como sistema comunicativo, o questionamento proposto é dado precisamente no sentido da verificação das possibilidades da comunicação, exemplificadas mediante a aids e o mal de Alzheimer, para visualizar a constante viabilização da garantia constitucional à saúde. Verifica-se, portanto, a saúde bifurcada med / The thesis held orients itself towards the analysis of the dichotomy likely / unlikely communicational health. Using Luhmann´s systems theory we are seeking to entangle in communicative analysis of the phenomenon of communication / non-communication as a way of effectiveness of the right to health. The health presents as a very complex reality, the concentration thus a paradox: there is a guarantee the maintenance and health care for all by the government, however the Brazilian reality reflects a reality different from that crystallized in the constitutional text, reflecting a complete failure state as far as their promotion. Thus, considering the conception of society as communicative system, the question proposed is given precisely towards checking the possibilities of communication, exemplified by AIDS and Alzheimer´s Disease to view the constant viability of the constitutional guarantee to health. There is, therefore, health divided by communicative aspects and non-communicative, which lie precisely impro