Thesis (M.Hous.M.)--University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Also available in print.

published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

While the lack of affordable housing is a problem across the United States, the situation is particularly dire in Miami-Dade County, FL. As of 2017, 49% of all households in Miami-Dade County were housing cost-burdened (defined as paying more than 30% of household income on housing). Now ranked as the fifth least affordable housing market in the nation, the trend is worsening and negatively impacting workforce retention, wealth creation, and economic mobility (Greiner, 2017). / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Cape Town is a city with a complex housing problem due to the apartheid planning and the design of the current housing programs. Apartheid planning has segregated the city, leading to a more divided and spread out city. With the current affordable housing programs, most houses are being built in poorly located areas, resulting in inhabitants feeling more separated and isolated from the city center. To develop a more integrated society, the concept of Inclusionary housing has had a growing appeal in South Africa. The purpose of the study was to examine the concept of inclusionary housing and how it can be implemented in Cape Town to fight segregation and housing inequalities. Interviews were conducted with various stakeholders from the private sector, public sector, NGO’s and academics with the aim to provide their perspectives on inclusionary housing and to answer the question if inclusionary housing is the right tool to help Cape Town become a more integrated city. A closer investigation was made on a specific development project in Sea Point where an inclusionary housing pilot project was going to be implemented. The majority of stakeholders agree that getting an inclusionary housing policy in place in Cape Town is a step in the right direction towards a more integrated and affordable city. / Kapstaden har ett mycket komplicerat bostadsproblem på grund av det tidigare apartheidsystemet samt utformningen av de nuvarande bostadsprogrammen för låginkomsttagare. Apartheidsystemet har lett till en uppdelad och segregerad stad. Med de nuvarande bostadsprogrammen byggs de flesta bostäder i sämre belägna områden, vilket leder till att invånarna känner sig mer separerade och isolerade från stadens centrum. För att utveckla ett mer integrerat samhälle har konceptet Inclusionary housing fått en växande uppmärksamhet i Sydafrika. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka konceptet inclusionary housing och besvara frågan hur det kan implementeras i Kapstaden för att bekämpa segregering och den rådande bostadsbristen. Intervjuer genomfördes med olika intressenter från den privata sektorn, den offentliga sektorn, icke-statliga organisationer och akademiker med syftet att ge sina perspektiv på inclusionary housing samt besvara frågan om inclusionary housing är det rätta verktyget för att hjälpa Kapstaden att bli en mer integrerad stad. En närmare undersökning gjordes av ett specifikt bostadsprojekt i Sea Point där inclusionary housing skulle implementeras.  Majoriteten av intressenterna är överens om att ett implementerade av en inclusionary housing policy i Kapstaden är ett steg i rätt riktning mot en mer integrerad och prisvärd stad med avseende på boende.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references. Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.

The Monitoring Program for all Inclusionary housing units in the City of San Luis Obispo is a needed component to the Affordable Housing Program. It ensures eligible households are occupying the affordable units and those that are renting are being charged according to the Affordable Housing Standards. Within the City’s Municipal Code it specifies monitoring and management of inclusionary units shall be done, however this hasn’t happened until now. This professional project provides a needed analysis of the current affordable housing stock. It examines multiple case studies that look at exemplary designed affordable housing units as well as implemented monitoring programs, which serve as a guide to the City of San Luis Obispo’s monitoring program. An extensive assessment survey was administered to all the inclusionary units within the City of San Luis Obispo that included some questions pertaining to the quality and design of the current units, location to local services, primary mode of transportation and miles traveled to work. The analysis of the survey responses were compiled into different analyzed categories: overall, senior, owner and renter. The analysis information and monitoring program procedures manual were completed as deliverables to the City of San Luis Obispo. The project concludes with recommendations for future affordable housing developments and toolkits, including the monitoring program procedures manual, to help with preservation of the current housing stock and ensure quality and sustainable affordable housing projects.

Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the inclusionary housing policy (IHP), a concept introduced to incorporate the private sector in actively contributing to the delivery of affordable housing as a by-product of higher income housing delivery, in an effort to promote socio-economic integration and to eradicate informal housing by 2014. The IHP stipulates that between 0% to 30% of new residential developments, measured in units, need to be inclusionary in nature. This means that a unit may be sold from R50,000 to R350,000 or rented for R600 to R3,000 per month to beneficiaries earning between R1,500 and R7,500 gross income per month. The policy will be implemented in a phased manner with two complimentary strategies, namely the town planning compliant approach and the Voluntary pro-active deal driven approach. To off set financial burdens, the government has made available six incentives and the concepts of off site compliance and inclusionary stock credits. The national government has set the requirements and parameters of the inclusionary elements and based on this a number of the possible effects that this IHP might have on residential developments, when looking at the interactions of supply, demand and price,were discussed as well as the views of industry experts. Inclusionary housing will result in social benefits but unwanted social costs as well. Benefits and costs were discussed and even though this policy is not Pareto efficient, based on the Kaldor-Hicks criterion, it is efficient in that the members of society that are made worse off can be compensated by the beneficiaries due to the fact that surrounding property prices that may rise and developers get incentives they would otherwise not have had access to. This study also looked internationally at the key success factors that were identified in case studies focussing on the United States of America, United Kingdom, Malaysia and China. From this international study, recommendations were made for South Africa's IHP. Because of various cultures and economies, success factors can not purely be copied but the recommendations should add to sustainable inclusionary developments. Ad hoc recommendations, also inferred from international lessons learnt, were discussed briefly and based on the above findings and recommendations, the accusations made by industry experts were readdressed. Although some areas still remain grey, many were found to be questionable. No concrete inferences can be made from this study pertaining to the supply, demand or price of residential developments but the following predictions can be made. The IHP is not necessarily going to drive property prices down and the requirements may be accepted by higher income households and therefore socio-economic integration may be successful in South Africa. This is only if the policy remains in its current form and not become law. This is in order to adapt to changing external variables and to incorporate success factors as they become known; if the IHP gets implemented transparently; if suggestions are incorporated from all stakeholders i.e. beneficiaries, developers, governmental spheres and third parties such as financial institutions and if this policy is phased into the market timeously. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie fokus op die insluitende behuising beleid (IBB), 'n konsep wat bekend gestel is om die privaat sektor aktief betrokke te maak by die voorsiening van lae koste behuising as 'n by-produk van die voorsiening van hoër inkomste behuising in 'n poging om sosio-ekonomiese integrasie te bevorder en informele behuising teen 2014 te verwyder. Die IBB bepaal dat tussen 0% en 30% van nuwe residensiële ontwikkelings, gemeet in eenhede, insluitend van aard moet wees wat beteken dat eenhede vir tussen R50,OOO tot R300,000 verkoop en verhuur vir tussen R600 en R3,000 per maand aan begunstigdes wat tussen R1,000 tot R7,000 bruto inkomste per maand verdien. Die beleid sal trapsgewys toegepas word met twee komplimentêre strategieë naamlik 'n vrywillige pro-aktiewe gedrewe benadering en 'n dorpsbeplanning voldoeningsbenadering. Om finansiële belassings te voorkom het die regering ses aansporingsbonusse beskikbaar gestel en die konsepte van lewering op ander land en insluitende handels krediete. Die nasionale regering het die vereistes en limiete van die insluitende elemente bepaal en gegrond op dit is 'n aantal van die moontlike uitkomste, wat die IBB op residensiële ontikkelings mag hê, gegrond op die interaksie tussen aanbod, vraag en prys, bespreek asook die sieninge van sektor deskundiges. Insluitende behuising sal sosiale voordele en ongewenste sosiale nadele tot gevolg het. Voordele en nadele was bespreek en alhoewel die beleid nie Pareto optimaal is nie is dit effektief gegrond op die Kaldor-Hicks kriterium deurdat die lede van die samelewing wat slegter af gemaak word, gekompenseer kan word deur die begunstigdes deur eiendomspryse wat kan styg en ontwikkelaars wat aansporingbonusse ontvang wat hulle andersins nie toegang tot sou gehad het nie. Die studie het ook internasionaal gekyk na sukses faktore wat geidentifiseer was deur te kyk na gevalle studies wat gedoen is in Verenigde State van Amerika, Verenigde Koningkryk, Maleisië en China. Aanbevelings vir Suid-Afrika se ISS, algelei van die internasionale gevalle studies, is gemaak. As gevolg van verskillende kulture en ekonomiese faktore kan sukses faktore nie bloot gedupliseer word nie maar die aanbevelings behoort by te dra tot volhoubare insluitende ontwikkelings.

Four municipalities in DuPage County, Illinois were selected for study to determine the effects of zoning on housing that is affordable to low and moderate-income groups, and to suggest possible recommendations to achieve some inclusiveness by providing a wide range of housing options.Though Woodridge, Naperville and Villa Park appear to have made progress in terms of providing housing choices for low and moderate income groups, there exist some limited opportunities to increase affordable housing in these communities. Oak Brook is most exclusionary. It provides no opportunities for low and moderate-income groups that work in that community, even though it is a major employment center. This creates difficulties for entry job seekers and other low groups that want to live in these communities.The recommendations are specifically tailored to each community in terms of what the community could realistically do, in view of the limited land available for development. This study is intended to renew interest in zoning and affordable housing, and lead to zoning reforms in communities in DuPage County, Illinois. / Department of Urban Planning

Since the foundation of the Nordic welfare state, architecture and urban planning have been central elements in the creation of post‐war, modern welfare cities. Ideals of healthy, socially conscious and productive capitalist futures have been articulated through housing design, planning strategies and infrastructure projects. Today however, the welfare city is under pressure due to the current crises our cities are facing. Central issues to these crises are housing unaffordability, rising inequality and socio‐ economic segregation. Over the past few decades, urban planners have become more concerned about these themes in relation to our cities. Housing policies have taken a turn to a more market‐ oriented approach and while there are high investments in real estate, affordable housing supply is still lacking behind. On the other hand, new housing policies are arising that should help make cities fairer and more just for everyone, often referred to as inclusionary housing policies. In this research, various housing policies are being investigated to explore how inclusionary housing addresses the current housing distribution and rising inequality in our cities. To introduce this research, a theoretical framework is outlined, introducing four different concepts that revolve around affordable housing: inclusionary housing policies, socio‐economic segregation, social mix and people‐based policies. This is followed by a methodology section and analysis consisting of two separate parts. First, a literature review is conducted to see how each of the described concepts relate to the Nordic context, after which the geographical focus is laid on Copenhagen, Denmark. In the second part of the analysis, a socio‐economic and geographical analysis is conducted, investigating the distribution of different tenure types in the city of Copenhagen. In this case study, a total of four different tenure types are analysed, namely (1) owner‐occupied housing, (2) private rental housing, (3) housing cooperatives and (4) non‐profit housing. Geographical information systems were used to map the change in distribution of each tenure type, for the period of 2000 to 2021. In addition, possible relations to patterns of socio‐economic segregation are explored, by comparing the change in distribution of tenure types to changes in distribution of average income levels. A significant overlap was found between new housing development areas and areas showing a higher average disposable income in 2019 compared to 2000. In regard of this, recent literature have warned that more market involvement in housing is expected to contribute to income disparities and segregation (Van Ham et al., 2016). The obtained results of this research can be considered in light of this, confirming that the distribution of tenure types is related to patterns of segregation. While this research brings new insights on housing developments in Copenhagen, it is suggested that the case of Copenhagen provides more widely applicable warnings for other cities undergoing a similar neoliberalization of the local housing market. This calls for a political shift in housing development, in which housing must be approached as a public good. On top of that, affordable housing should be made accessible and equally distributed around cities, to avoid further processes of socio‐spatial segregation and polarization. To achieve this, political and ideological strategies must be restored in order to build further on a modern welfare state, providing affordable and good housing for all.