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La scolarisation dans le secteur spécialisé des élèves avec autisme fait émerger des problématiques diverses et les réponses apportées sont variables. L’objectif principal de ce travail de doctorat est de questionner l’adéquation de la formation des enseignants en poste spécialisé avec l’accueil de ces élèves dans ces dispositifs. La méthodologie de recherche se compose de trois moyens distincts et complémentaires : 1. Diffusion de deux questionnaires en ligne, un à destination des enseignants référents et un à destination des enseignants en poste spécialisé ; 2. captations vidéo de séances d’enseignement ; 3. entretiens d’auto-confrontation des enseignants à leurs propres pratiques. Notre enquête montre notamment que plus de 80% des enseignants en poste spécialisé se déclarent insuffisamment formés pour prendre en charge des élèves avec autisme. La formation semble donc majoritairement insuffisante, les entretiens confirmant ces données. Le sentiment de confiance que procure une formation suffisante est pourtant un facteur déterminant car il permet de pouvoir poser un regard suffisamment rassuré sur sa pratique, de l’analyser et de projeter des évolutions possibles. Au terme de ce travail de recherche et sur la base de nos résultats, nous proposons un ensemble de préconisations. / Schooling in the specialized sector of pupils with autism brings out various problems and the answers given are variable. The main objective of this doctoral work is to question the adequacy of the training of teachers with specialized positions with how of these students are welcomed in these classes. The research methodology consists of three distinct and complementary means: 1. Dissemination of two online questionnaires, one for reference teachers and one for teachers in specialized positions; 2. video recordings of teaching; 3. interviews with teachers confronted by their own practices. Our survey shows that more than 80% of teachers in specialized positions declare themselves insufficiently trained to support students with autism. The training seems therefore largely insufficient, as confirmed by the interviews. The feeling of confidence that comes from having sufficient training is nevertheless a determining factor because it allows one to be able to take a sufficiently reassured look at one's practice, to analyze it and project possible evolutions. At the end of this research and on the basis of our results, we propose a set of recommendations.

Um estudo sobre a formação de professores para educação inclusiva na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Floriano/PI, focando o estudante com deficiência intelectual, a escola, as práticas pedagógicas dos professores do ensino regular e do Atendimento Educacional Especializado AEE, à luz dos princípios inclusivos. Na primeira parte, realiza-se uma análise a partir de documentos da sociedade civil que fundamentam a Política de Inclusão, começando pela Carta Magna Brasileira, a Constituição Federal da República, as resoluções e os decretos presidenciais, garantindo a permanência da criança com deficiência intelectual em sala de aula, o direito à acessibilidade ao ensino e ao estudo numa escola de qualidade; o impacto do Programa de Educação Inclusiva no Município de Floriano, a implementação da política de inclusão, os avanços e os retrocessos, tendo como marco referencial o processo de inclusão educacional. Na segunda parte trata-se da formação de professores, tanto para mediar o ensino na sala de aula regular, como para operacionalizar o AEE em sala de Recurso Multifuncional. Muitos escritores e especialistas, estudiosos e pesquisadores na questão da deficiência intelectual da formação de professores foram consultados, estudados, para a formulação do referencial teórico. A terceira parte do estudo foi uma pesquisa social feita in loco com cinco professores de cinco escolas municipais, que têm matrícula de alunos com deficiência intelectual na sala de aula regular e no AEE. A escuta foi materializada através de um questionário qualitativo de treze perguntas, abertas, investigando a efetivação da política de inclusão, a formação do professor do ensino regular e do AEE e as práticas inclusivas, a partir do contato direto com os alunos com deficiência intelectual-DI. A proposta não tem a pretensão de dar uma receita para a formação de professores para educação inclusiva. É antes uma abertura de possibilidades para que os envolvidos com a formação, os próprios professores, os gestores, os familiares e a comunidade escolar se percebam como agentes e não como meros receptores de determinações legais. / This paper is a study of the training of teachers for inclusive education in the Municipal Network of Education of Floriano/PI, focusing on the intellectually deficient student, the school, the pedagogical practices of the teachers in regular education and the Atendimento Educacional Especializado AEE [Specialized Educational Services], in light of the inclusive principles. In the first part, an analysis is carried out based on documents of civil society which provide the foundations for the Inclusive Policy, beginning with the Brazilian Magna Carta that is, the Constitution of the Federal Republic, the presidential resolutions and decrees, guaranteeing the permanence of children with intellectual deficiencies in the class room, the right to accessibility to education and study in a quality school; the impact of the Inclusive Education Program in the Municipality of Floriano, the implementation of the inclusive policy, the advances and regressions, having as a referential marking point the process of inclusion in education. In the second part teacher training is dealt with, both to enable mediation of the teaching in a regular classroom, as well as to put into operation the AEE in a Multifunctional Resource classroom. Many writers and specialists and researchers on the issue of intellectual deficiency in the training of teachers were consulted, studied for the formulation of the theoretical reference. The third part of the study is a social research carried out in loco with five teachers of five municipal schools which have students with intellectual deficiency enrolled in the regular classrooms and in the AEE. The listening was materialized through a qualitative questionnaire of thirteen open questions, investigating the putting into practice of the inclusion policy, the training of the teacher of regular teaching and of AEE and the inclusive practices, based on the direct contact with the students with intellectual deficiency ID. The proposal does not intend to give a recipe for the training of teachers for inclusive education. Instead, it is to be an opening of possibilities for those who are involved with the training, the teachers themselves, the administrators, the family members and the school community to perceive themselves as agents and not as mere receivers of legal determinations.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Community and Continuing Education)) -- University of Limpopo, 2020 / Access and support for students with disabilities remain limited despite strong legislative and policy framework for addressing inclusivity in the education sector. Presently, TVET colleges encounter severe obstacles and hiccups in that they must improve the quality of education provided together with other compulsory obligations. As a result, TVET col-leges continue to encounter challenges as and when they try to improve the quality of education. In South Africa, the integration of people with disabilities has been an ongoing process since the advent of the democratic government. The study investigated the inte-gration of inclusive practices for students with disabilities at Technical and Vocational Edu-cation and Training (TVET) colleges. The study followed the qualitative research ap-proach. The purposive sampling technique was used to select participants. Twenty-seven participants took part in the study. Participants comprised campus man-agers, HoDs, student support officers, lecturers and students with disabilities. Two differ-ent methods to analyse data were used, namely, thematic categorisation (for interviews and observations) and content analysis (for documents). The study is premised on the social model of disability and Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological system theory to understand participants’ views and how they carry out inclusive practices in their lecture rooms. Data was collected using three techniques, namely, interviews, observations and document analysis. The findings of the study revealed the following: lecturers at TVET colleges are struggling to support students with disabilities due to lack of training on different types of disabilities; students with disabilities are given access to certain types of training based on the nature of their disability; students who experience mobility disabilities are faced with challenges of inaccessible of physical environments; the curriculum at TVET col-leges does not fully cater for a range of diverse needs of and students with impairments. The study recommends that: lecturers require training on different types of disabilities in order to support students with diverse learning needs; the involvement of disabled stu-dents in the planning of their support programmes; all stakeholders be encouraged to appreciate change and to contribute towards meaningful inclusive practices.

Catholic schools need to examine the barriers to, benefits of, and interventions needed when implementing inclusive practices into their institutions. Catholic schools are experiencing an increase in enrolled students identified with learning and behavioral needs; however, they frequently lack resources and expertise to provide the necessary support for these students and their families to succeed. Research studies identify teacher attitudes and perceptions regarding inclusive practices as vital factors to create successful culture change. A single group pretest-posttest design, incorporated into this action research study, measured the attitudes and stress of teachers before and after a 14-week long intervention for eight target students with ADHD. The Attitudes Toward Inclusive Education Scale (ATIES), adapted for this setting, was completed by 26 teachers. The Index of Teaching Stress (ITS) was completed by each teacher for each target student in their class for a total of 53 teacher-student dyads. Data analysis included two, one-tailed, paired-samples t-tests. A moderate effect (d= .471) that was statistically significant (p The implications of this study suggest the importance of providing appropriate interventions and accommodations to better support teacher-student relationships, and that a greater buy-in and understanding is needed by the teachers to change their overall attitudes toward inclusivity. Effective professional development is crucial for teachers and students alike to be better informed of the potential academic and social challenges of an ADHD diagnosis and how to best support these specific needs. Further, creating a more inclusive school environment requires stakeholders to develop clear mission statements, approve budgets that include wellness and resource programs, and design daily bell schedules that allocate time for support outside of the student’s normal classes. The limitations of this action research include generalization beyond a private high school setting, experimenter effect, teachers self-reporting, and not having a comparison or control group. Suggestions for further research include incorporating a qualitative component to better understand the effectiveness of an intervention, and running interventions for female groups, middle-school-aged students, and other specific diagnoses for comparative results.

In South Africa the education system ensures that education is available and accessible to every learner. To ensure inclusivity for all learners, the implementation of accommodations for learners with barriers are vital. Research has indicated that the implementation of accommodations can be challenging at times for educators and relevant role players, e.g., policy implementers. The main aim of this study is to explore the systematic challenges when implementing the assessment accommodation policy in independent high schools in a qualitative method. This study applied the interpretivism paradigm to explore the phenomenon under study by applying Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological systems theory to explore the challenges experienced. An intensity case study design was selected with six participating independent high schools. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with each policy implementer by using intensity sampling. In addition, audio-recordings and a reflection journal were used as a data collection strategy. Using thematic analysis, three main themes emerged from the data, namely: challenges with parent, insufficient internal support for policy implementers, and inadequate services. Each theme was accompanied by a number of sub-themes. Constructed on the research findings, I conclude that when the identified systematic challenges are addressed when implementing inclusive education policies like the IEB’s assessment accommodation policy, then policy implementers, better supported, will be able to ensure that education is accessible to all learners in South Africa. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)