Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Late Holocene hydroclimate variability in the midcontinental United States is not well understood because there is a lack of high-resolution paleoclimate records constraining historical climate patterns for the region. Here, a 2500-year-long multi proxy lake sediment record from a northern Indiana kettle lake is used to examine spatial and temporal scales of drought and pluvial patterns in the Midwest. Oxygen (18Ocal) isotope analysis of authigenic carbonate and the sedimentary lithic abundance (%lithics) are the primary datasets used to evaluate hydroclimate trends with supporting information from total organic matter, total carbonate and magnetic susceptibility. We additionally derive a record of local evaporation by subtracting the isotopic composition of precipitation (18Oprecip) as characterized by the nearby Martin Lake, IN, record, from the Pretty Lake 18Ocal record. The combined Pretty Lake hydroclimate record documents climate variability during the last 2 millennia and shows that the Midwest has experienced a wide range of evaporative regimes during the late Holocene. We notice a consistent relationship between the Pretty and Martin Lake multi-proxy records; where reduced (increased) evaporative periods and higher (lower) lake levels at Pretty Lake mostly align with increased (decreased) Gulf sourced precipitation and stream erosion with longer (shorter) warm seasons at Martin Lake. Early periods of much drier, and weakened warm-season evaporation patterns dominated from 600 BCE to 900 CE. Evidence of a prolonged period of enhanced warm-season pluvial conditions, with less evaporation and higher lake levels, during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) between 900 to 1350 CE; and a pronounced century of arid conditions throughout the Little Ice Age (LIA) from 1350 to 1700 CE followed by a gradual decrease in evaporation and rising lake levels starting at 1700 CE and continuing to present. These trends track other Midwest regional hydroclimate climate records, but show an anti-phased relationship with records from the High Plains and western United States regions. This supports the idea that a hydrocilmate dipole exists between the Midwest and western United States driven largely by mean state changes in the Pacific North American teleconnection pattern, but with modification by local and in-lake responses to mean climate states.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / At the turn of the twentieth century, the movement to improve care of those afflicted with epilepsy reached Indiana. In 1905, the Indiana legislature passed an act creating the Indiana Village for Epileptics, thus beginning the segregation of epileptics from the rest of the state's population. Placing epileptics in colonies was considered a progressive solution to a centuries old medical ailment. This thesis will examine the Indiana Village for Epileptics from its inception until the retirement of the first superintendent, Dr. Walter C. Van Nuys. Van Nuys' tenure was so long-he stepped down in 1952-that the Village had become an outdated and unnecessary institution because of advances in medical treatments for the disease. The age of segregation had ended and epileptics were no longer seen as a menace to society.

No description available.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The shale and mudstone directly superjacent to Desmoinesian coal seams of southern Indiana (Springfield, Houchin Creek, Survant, and Seelyville coals) were initially deposited under marine waters and are shown to exhibit high concentrations of organic carbon, sulfur and redox-sensitive metals (Mo, V, Ni, Fe, and U) that were sequestered during times of benthic anoxia and intermittent to sustained euxinia (anoxic and sulfidic). Strata upsection display geochemical signatures that indicate increasingly oxic and nearshore sedimentation that mirrors cyclothemic sequence stratigraphic trends Carbon source, nearshore and offshore proximity, freshwater and marine influence, and redox conditions of the epeiric sea overlying southern Indiana during the Late Middle Pennsylvanian were identified and tracked throughout the deposition of four drill cores of the Petersburg, Linton and Staunton Formations. Carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur data (total organic carbon [TOC], total nitrogen [TN], and total sulfur [TS]); paleoredox proxies ([Mo/Al], [V/Al], [Th/U], [Fetot/Al]); organic carbon isotopes (δ13Corg); and detrital influx concentrations (Zr) were all used in conjunction with lithological and paleontological interpretations to better understand the mode of deposition in this unique midcontinent ancient epeiric sea. Geochemical results when combined with lithologic and paleontologic interpretations reveal a dynamic environmental system where water column geochemistry varies with the influence of variable magnitudes of epeiric seawater flooding on the extensive peatlands of equatorial Late Middle Pennsylvanian southern Indiana.

Current Indiana regulations regarding vegetative covers on multi-layer cap systems recommend a standard seeded turf as defined by the Indiana Department of Transportation. Although in its infancy, the use of native prairie grasses and forbs is beginning to generate interest as a viable vegetative cover. This creative project examines past influences that dictated the selection of vegetative covers, examines the use of native prairie grasses and forbs, and creates and applies a design "model" for an existing hazardous waste site located in Albany, Indiana.The goals of this creative project are to identify standard design guidelines for vegetative covers on hazardous waste and landfill multi-layer cap systems, evaluate standard guidelines and case studies of hazardous waste site vegetative covers, recommend changes to standard design guidelines, recommend an alternative vegetative cover using native prairie plants, apply new design guidelines to an existing hazardous waste site (Muncie Racetrack Site) using the alternative cover, and evaluate the results of the guidelines with the alternative cover. / Department of Landscape Architecture

This study presents the results of a field study comparing the effects of two forest harvest methods on the Cerulean Warbler, a state-endangered songbird. Population estimates and a breeding study produced no significant differences among groups, although the species was not attracted to forest openings and experienced decreased nest success in treated sites. Additional study on prey influences showed strong correlations with timing of breeding and peak larval lepidopteran abundance, specifically on oak and hickory tree species. Data suggests that these trees are vital to increased probability of nest success due to an increase in prey availability within territories. Further study is recommended to ascertain the long-term effects of forest harvest and the importance of oak and hickory dominated landscapes to the persistence of this species. / Cerulean warbler population response and nesting success in forests with recent silviculture -- Avian nesting ecology and prey abundance using frass drop as an indicator. / Department of Biology

Indiana is a state rich in musical history. Two cities, in particular-Indianapolis and Richmond-have played significant roles in the evolution and dissemination of jazz music. There have been modest attempts to acknowledge and/or educate Hoosiers about the state's role in the development of ja7.z. However, a level of apathy remains with regard to this aspect of Indiana's cultural heritage. These factors, in conjunction with new development, socioeconomic hardship, and demolition by neglect, have resulted in the loss of countless buildings and sites associated with jazz, music in Indianapolis and Richmond.In the Circle City, Indiana Avenue was a hotbed of ja77. for decades, as were many other scattered downtown sites. All but just a few of these venues are extant today. In Richmond, the Gennett recording studio welcomed the greatest of the early jazz pioneers and pressed millions of records of this genre. The Gennett site lies in ruins today, consisting of remnants of only three structures.There is a need to heighten awareness of the buildings and sites that contributed to the thriving jazz scene in these two cities for the purpose of education, preservation, and interpretation. This thesis has attempted to document and inventory the historical resources associated with jazz in Indianapolis and Richmond in order to facilitate these processes. In addition to the inventory, the two cities are examined in the context of jazz history in Indiana, and current building and site conditions are discussed. / Department of Architecture

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Local birth control advocates often found themselves attempting to open birth control clinics in restrictive climates that did not welcome open discussions of sexuality. To accomplish this, the organizers chose their tactics carefully and followed common strategies. After a few stumbles, organized birth control in many states began in earnest in the 1930s. By 1943, just ten years after its opening, the Indianapolis birth control clinic could boast that it had served 4,531 women and openly solicit funds from the community. The Maternal Health League’s plea on its fundraising brochure assured citizens of their patriotic duty to help. The league reminded Hoosiers, “In War and In Peace a Nation is as Strong as the Health of Its Mothers and Children.” Arguments such as these allowed the clinic to open and assured its existence for many years to come. Indiana birth control organizers relied on specific tactics that allowed them to accomplish their goals in a restrictive Midwestern state. Indiana’s birth control story offers modern-day readers a very different picture than that offered by studies of the national movement of birth control. Indiana offers an account that relies more on cooperation and less on confrontation.

There is no abstract available for this dissertation.

There is no abstract available for this thesis.